Immunization Schedule for children up to 1-3 years of 2019 in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine and Kazakhstan. Table of mandatory and preventive vaccination

The National Immunization Schedule for Russian children adopted 2 years ago, in 2019 minor amendments were made to it. This is one of the major health care legislation.

National calendar of preventive vaccinations and compulsory for children in 2019 in Russia: the table

Immunization schedule for 2019 children reveals the necessary vaccinations for children up to 16 years. Among them are influencing the design of a child in kindergarten.

Number of years	a brief description of
24 hours from the moment of birth	an injection of hepatitis, repeated twice at intervals of 30 days
in the first 7 days	vaccination against breast disease
2 months	against pneumococcus
With 3 months of age, number of vaccinations conducted rescuing from serious ailments
The child, who has lived 90 days are needed first shots that protect against	diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus; infection of bone tissue; meningitis
in 4 to 5 months to re-run shots	diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus; Haemophilus influenzae; infection of bone tissue; pneumococcal infections
6 months - from	diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus; viral hepatitis; polio; meningitis
a year from	measles, rubella, "pig"; hepatitis A;
1 year 3 months	against pneumococcal disease
one and a half years from	polio; diphtheria, pertussis, paralysis of the nervous system; Haemophilus influenzae
20 months	polio;
before the beginning of the school period	measles, rubella, "pigs"
6-7 years of	diphtheria, muscle cramps; tuberculosis
teenager from	diphtheria, paralysis; polio

Vaccination against pneumococcal infections

The emergence in 2014 of the Russian Federation in the Calendar of vaccinations against diseases caused by pneumococcus, caused a lot of controversy. Most people react to innovation is quiet, but there were few who condemned innovation, formerly a necessity, because in a sharp increase in the number of carriers of pneumococcus.

Administration of the drug prevents the development of symptoms that provoked trapped in the body bacteria.

Scheme pneumococcal vaccination may be different:

1. An injection was made on execution of 2 months - 3 months, the next two are made at intervals of a month. Re - in a year and a half.
2. Double-entry vaccination takes place from 7 to 11 when up to 7 months, the child does not get a shot against pneumococcus. Revaccination can be performed when the child turns 2 years old.
3. If the first vaccination takes place when a small already a year old, then 60 days is put another shot, and then - the third.

The following preparations are used as vaccine:

• "Pneumo-23", produced by the French pharmacists;
• "Prevenar" and "Prevenar-13" (USA), characterized by the amount of agent polysaccharides;
• complex means "Sinfloriks" (Britain), which, in addition to pneumococcus, increases resistance to diphtheria and tetanus.

Vaccination is compulsory for all children, an injection can cause the following deviations:

• appearance of elasticity in the muscles in the injection;
• strong pain;
• can rise temperature, inflamed lymph nodes;
• there lethargy, drowsiness;
• child may become irritable;
• sometimes manifested nausea, appetite disturbed.

The name of the phenomenon go through one to two hours, but sometimes the child's state of health can greatly worsen. In such a case, without delay, it is necessary to ask for help.

vaccine Prevenar vaccination scheme

Save a child from a streptococcus vaccine Prevenar can. 2 versions of the vaccine used in Russia - Prevenar 13, generating a strong immune system, and Pneumo 23 - a drug that does not cause complications. For young children, use the first drug, second means - for children older than 5 years.

pneumococcal vaccination scheme may be different:

1. In the case where the first injection was made in 2 to 3 months, then the next two injections are carried out with the monthly difference. Another injection - 10 -1 through 2 months.
2. Two-time vaccination takes place from 7 to 11 when up to 7 months, the child is not a vaccine against pneumococcus was introduced. Revaccination can be performed when the child turns 2 years old.
3. If the first vaccination takes place when a small already a year old, then at regular intervals put two more.

The vaccination schedule is as follows:

• 3 vaccine is carried out from 2 to 7 months, the interval between injections - 30 days;
• a second injection in 2 years;
• if the first injection was made up to two years, the interval between the two is equal to 2 months; last prick is not needed;
• when "Prevenar" is entered when the child reaches 2 years, then a shot is done only once.

baby body easily tolerate vaccination, but can manifest negative symptoms, so parents are not recommended to leave the clinic immediately after a shot Prevenar. If the state has changed the crumbs, you must visit the pediatrician.

After inoculation recommended observance of the general rules:

• child can take a warm shower, which will be short-lived;
• the diet for a week before the vaccination should not introduce new products;
• better after the injection a few days do not show the child in the place where a large density of people, because some of them may be spread infection;
• outdoor walks are necessary, but classes in sports studios will miss;
• wound from the injection site can not handle anything.

Gradually the body develops immunity: negative symptoms disappear.

Vaccination against influenza

Immunization schedule for children in 2019 requires the implementation of injections against influenza viruses. Acute respiratory disease - disease of the cold period, which activates the activity of viruses. Multiply it with extraordinary rapidity.

Remedy against this dangerous disease used two centuries ago, but widespread vaccination of influenza had recently. Its action is based on the stimulation of the immune system. The immune system is able to keep in the memory of all the agents of flu, when re-infected the body immediately begins to struggle with a hotbed of infection.

It is at this particular organism and is based vaccine. The individual elements of the body are introduced influenza, which will later be quickly recognized. Vaccination against influenza has its positive and negative sides.

The positive aspects include:

• Vaccination - is a preventive procedure, so that prevents flu.
• Immunity is generated by a single virus. The virus is able to mutate, it appears that resistance to the new flu variations in the body is not present.
• The vaccinated human influenza symptoms is not much, which reduces the need to take the pills. Time spent on the fight against the influenza virus is greatly reduced.

The disadvantages of the vaccination can be considered:

• people with a strong immune vaccination is not necessary, because the relatively low flu;
• certain categories of people (women, waiting for baby, children up to 6 months), an injection is contraindicated;

Experts recommend to be vaccinated:

• Children from 6 months;
• To old people;
• suffering from bronchial asthma, AIDS.

In modern formulations containing 3 strains of influenza, so the people who introduced the vaccine, the flu is transferred in a lighter form.

Vaccination against rubella

Rubella refers to the variety of viral infection that affects the lymph nodes, skin rash appears, there comes intoxication. Vaccination against rubella - an effective means of protecting against viral disease.

3 doctors have developed vaccination strategy:

• vaccinated children first year of life provide protection for 3 decades;
• vaccination for girls in their teens to protect their future children;
• rampant vaccination to people under 40 years must lead to the disappearance of the infection.

On the basis of the above tactics, designed vaccination schedule:

• The first vaccination is carried out to 12 months;
• second stab needed in 6-7 years, so that the body has had time to form a strong immunity;
• revaccination - teenagers.

funds are used for vaccination:

1. complex, The American and the Belgian manufacturer, which include several viruses that allows the formation of immunity immediately after several kinds of diseases.
2. One-component (From the Russian manufacturer) created on the basis of live rubella components.

Parents often abandon this type of vaccination, explaining the possibility of occurrence of adverse events after injection. According to doctors, these fears are unfounded: the drug is easily tolerated and does not cause complications.

Vaccination against measles

Today's children suffer from measles is rare, because the disease has been overcome by events system. However, the fact does not exclude named an injection of measles

Calendar, which are conducted in this order:

1. First put the kid who has reached 9 months, repeated after six months. Subsequent versions - 6 and 16 years.
2. If you missed an injection of up to 1 year, up to 4 years old, he should be executed, because the school to be another.

The following tools are used for immunization:

• Russian vaccine is grown in special laboratories in the egg cells of quail;
• Priorix - Belgian "live" drug;
• MMR II - Dutch drug used from 3 diseases - measles, mumps, rubella.

After a course of vaccination in humans produces resistance to measles pathogen.

The immunity persists for a long time, almost 2 decades. It is possible that with a strong outbreak of measles can get sick and vaccinated people get sick, but in this case, the disease passes easily, without complications.

Revaccination is recommended in the 30 years certain groups of citizens:

• women planning birth of a child, because measles during gestation baby is very dangerous and can cause all sorts of diseases in the newborn;
• people, send turputevku to Ukraine, the EU member states, in Georgia, where frequent outbreaks of measles in adults, there are deaths;
• unvaccinated citizens.

Changes made to the immunization schedule for 2019 and the lack of vaccines against polio

Immunization Schedule for children: in 2019, introduced amendments considered valid:

1. An injection of breast disease will be held on the 5th day of life of the newborn. Prick need to do once. Revaccination against tuberculosis, which was conducted before 7 years, has been canceled.
2. Changes were made and hepatitis B vaccination: the second will be performed on the second month of life. This will allow in the future to put a combined injection, protects the right of the 5 disease.

These measures will reduce the amount of manipulation offices queues, especially since many kids are afraid of injections. All measures carried out, according to the calendar, it is absolutely free, because the necessary drugs purchased by the state.

The explanation and the question needs a vaccine against polio:

1. Vaccination against this disease is carried out in the first year three times. Third time - a drop in the mouth. Application of such embodiment eliminates the associated disease. The reason for the amendment, has served as polio outbreak in Tajikistan. isolated cases identified among residents of Russia.
   
2. The second aspect of this issue - the drug itself. "Lifeless" vaccine was imported from abroad. For the past year, the Ministry of Health does not have the required amount of the drug. It is planned that will be launched production of the drug at home, but as long as hospitals lack the means.

National calendar of preventive vaccinations and compulsory for children in 2019 in Ukraine

Ukrainian National immunization schedule drawn up in 2015.

Recently, there were two amendments:

• children vaccinated against tuberculosis is carried out for 3 - 5 days, re-prick is not performed;
• vaccination against jaundice is carried out in 60 days (this vaccine was put on a month earlier).

Vaccination vaccination schedule in Ukraine is as follows:

Number of years	held prick
3-5 day	from airway diseases
In 2 months conducted vaccination against six diseases	jaundice; pertussis, diphtheria, tetanus; bone disease; meningitis
4 months. from	bone disease; meningitis; DTP
6 months. from	bone disease; hepatitis A; DTP
12 months. from	measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) meningitis;
18 months.	DTP; against polio
6 years	re: diphtheria, tetanus, PDAs, bone disease
14 years	of bone disease
16 years	of diphtheria, tetanus
28 years	of diphtheria, tetanus

For a positive result parents recommended the observance of the rules:

1. You should not combine a visit to the pediatrician along with routine immunization.
2. If the queue is long to the doctor, it is better to go out to the child to avoid contact with sick children.
3. If it's bad weather, better to postpone vaccination.

1. In the case of illness of someone from the household, to the vaccine should also be postponed.
2. drive the child to the guests do not have to this day.

National calendar of preventive vaccinations and compulsory for children in 2019 in Belarus

Immunization schedule for children in 2019 brought new changes in the timing of vaccinations in Belarus. Doctors of the Republic considers that timely vaccination - the main condition for the fight against dangerous diseases.

The current calendar of vaccinations includes Belarus 9 vaccinations and vaccinations against Hib and pneumococcal infections that are not held for all children, but only those who belong to the group risk.

Below is a Calendars Belarus vaccinations:

name of vaccine	Age
jaundice	in the first 12 hours of life the infant, repeated at 2, 3, 4 months
from tuberculosis	on the 5th day of baby's life
and pneumococcal meningitis pathogen	2, 4, 12 months
of diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus	up to 18 months
polio	children under 2, 3, 4 months; revaccination at 7 years
measles, rubella, mumps	Kids under the age of 12 months, a booster dose at age 6
against diphtheria and tetanus	6, 16; in subsequent years prick periodically repeated until a ripe old age
from flu	may be vaccinated babies 6 months

National calendar of preventive vaccinations and compulsory for children in 2019 in Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan immunization schedule gives the list of mandatory and preventive measures for children in 2019.

The document explains:

• Grafted newborn in the maternity ward.
• After 60 days a month passes comprehensive prick from 7 diseases.
• In 90 days, a complex injection.
• At 120 days the third repeating jaundice, bone inflammation, meningitis, upper respiratory tract diseases, diphtheria and paralysis of the nervous system. At the same time vaccinated subjects (second) of pneumococcal disease. Other immunizations are provided for up to one year of age vaccinated.
• When the child turns 12 months, it is necessary to put vaccinated against measles, rubella, "pigs" and re-enter by means of bone diseases and respiratory tract infections. Name of vaccinations can be carried out until the child reaches the age of polutorogodovalogo.
  
• Preschoolers need medicines against measles, rubella, mumps.
• In 16 years, a shot against tetanus and diphtheria, repeated several times until old age.

Can I opt out of the vaccinations?

Vaccination is voluntary in Russia. so any parent can write failure. Medical institutions are not interested in this.

You can bring in response to convincing arguments:

1. Act 157, indicating the vaccine only with parental consent.
2. Act 123 permitting the rejection of vaccinations.

Refusal of vaccination is issued to the head of the polyclinic

In a statement, the parents refuse point:

• their personal data;
• place of residence;
• the name of the vaccination.

The text of the declaration should be specified:

• that failure - a deliberate decision;
• should state laws that allowed not to carry out vaccination to the child;
• offer, please do not carry out all or one (name) be vaccinated with an indication of good reasons refusal of vaccination.

Failure to become a legal document, it should be issued on the official form, which was developed by the health authorities in 2009 (registration form number - 13846). Document issued shortly before vaccination. Under the rules of such a declaration is signed by parents prior to each vaccination, and only after this procedure, vaccination is considered to be authorized.

Exemption documents must be signed:

• immunologist;
• pediatrician;
• one of the parents.

Application with two seals and signatures issued in several copies (photocopies are considered invalid). One copy should be given destination, the second - kept house.

Parents who refuse to vaccinate a child, face difficulties when applying the kid in kindergarten. But they may refuse only on condition that the institution of the epidemic quarantine.

What is fraught with failure of vaccination for a child?

Moms and dads who wrote a medical statement should be aware that it is now necessary to follow strict hygiene rules, to temper the kid, or a child can quickly become infected.

This is one consequence of the refusal, and there are many:

• when measles epidemics child will stay at home, as long as the threat of infection does not pass;
• with vaccination against polio quarantine for an unvaccinated child will last 2 months;
• in the winter, when one follows another epidemic, an adult would have to quit her job to stay home with the kid;
• for the child will be denied entry into the country, which, in accordance with medical standards require certain vaccinations;
• when playing with peers will be permanent locked, because a number of children may be sick, sterile toys.

Getting up to adults, everyone can get into a situation where a high risk of contracting the infection. In that case, he would have to forget about the prohibitions of parents, and to do all vaccinations.

Immunization Schedule prescribes a series of vaccinations for children of different ages. 2019 amended. child's lead in the manipulation room decides to parents, but we must remember that any vaccination will be a protection for the baby's health.

Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg

Video of the immunization schedule

Dr. Komarovsky about immunization schedule: