Alpha blockers in hypertension are used in complex treatment of disease. This is an effective means to not only lower blood pressure, but also to achieve its stabilization.
Operating principle
Alpha-blockers for hypertension have pronounced vasodilating action. Formulations enhance adrenergic receptor activity. Relieve spasm of arterioles located in the periphery, increases the lumen of blood vessels. This leads to a decrease in venous return to the atrium, reducing the burden on the heart muscle and blood pressure drop.
Provide reduction of cholesterol and triglyceride levels, increase the amount of high density lipoproteins. Impact on carbohydrate metabolism - increase the susceptibility of cells to insulin and prevented from rising rates of blood glucose.
The main indications for use - drugs used for routine treatment of hypertension. Furthermore, blockers administered concomitantly with other medications for the relief of acute condition - hypertensive crisisTo prevent the development of complications after previous crises, strokes, heart attacks. Showing people suffering from coronary heart disease, arrhythmia and other diseases of the cardiovascular system.
Contraindications and possible side effects
Alpha-blockers are limited to the purpose. These include:
- During pregnancy and breastfeeding.
- Orthostatic hypertension. The use of drugs acts on the blood vessels, resulting in making the vertical position of the person can lose consciousness.
- Severe liver disease and kidney (chronic failure). With prolonged use of medication can further worsen the condition of bodies.
- Surgery on the heart, accompanied by the establishment of the valve.
As a result, the use of drugs might be degraded blood pressure, which threatens not only the loss of consciousness, but even collapse. With prolonged use, it is possible the development of headaches and dizziness, sleepiness, sleep disturbance, fatigue, irritability. Appear edema, arrhythmia occurs, shortness of breath even at low loads. Worsens the gastrointestinal tact - nausea, vomiting, a violation of developing the chair.
Over time, the possible reduction in the sensitivity of receptors to medicines, thus weakening their effect.
list of drugs
Group alpha-blockers include blockers of alpha-1 and alpha-2. The list of drugs used to treat hypertension:
- Prazosin. The main active substance - prazosin. Blocks the effects of catecholamines, thereby preventing the vasoconstrictor effect. Reduces the afterload on the myocardium.
- Doxazosin. The main component - doxazosin. It is used in hypertension, accompanied by metabolic disorders.
- Terazosin. Active substance - terazosin hydrochloride dihydrate. Extends venules and arterioles reduces peripheral vascular resistance.
- Phentolamine. It shows a brief but pronounced arteriolo- and venodilatiruyuschee action. The medicine would be best to use in hypertension caused by pheochromocytoma.
- Proroksan. Regulates the tone of the sympathetic nervous system and exhibits a vasodilator action on peripheral blood vessels, eliminates spasms.
How to apply
The use of alpha-blockers should be under medical supervision. It will pick up the minimum effective dose to achieve blood pressure has stabilized.
Tablets should be taken during or after a meal. Drink the medicine preferably at the same time. In this case, you need to follow the diet, not to overload the digestive tract of heavy food, limit the use of sharp, salty, fried.
Taking alpha-blockers need a long time, for a few months. When the therapeutic effect becomes weaker or developing complications it is necessary to inform the treating physician. This will solve the issue of the need to replace or correct dosage.
