Patients gastroenterologist useful to know the performance of diastase urine is normal in adults with pancreatitis these numbers can be significantly exceeded. Such an analysis is often prescribed for complaints of pain in the area of the pancreas. This not only helps to clarify the diagnosis, but also to observe the dynamics of the disease, and to assess the effectiveness of the prescribed therapy.
What indicators are the norm
Diastase or alpha-amylase is an enzyme which cleaves carbohydrate to glucose. Processing begins in the mouth and extends in the stomach and intestine. Diastase then enters the bloodstream and excreted in the urine unchanged.
Daily rates for this enzyme varies. The most active diastase work while eating. When a person begins to chew the food mass, blood and digestive tract found the highest levels of the enzyme. But in the urine indicator of alpha-amylase is still low, as the substance has not had time to go through the organs of excretion.
It increases after alpha-amylase has completed its work and food is completely digested.
Therefore allowed fairly broad reference values of diastase in the urine. It is the norm of 10 to 64 units of activity per 1 liter of diastase urine. These values are independent of the age or sex of the individual, they are the same for women, men and children. The difference can only be a way to study, which is used in the laboratory. The above rules are for Wohlgemuth method, which is used more often. It is based on an assessment of starch digestion rate.
The reasons for the deviations from the norm analysis indicator
If diastasis increased, then it is always associated with inflammation. The highest rates of diastase in urine observed in the following diseases:
- Acute and chronic pancreatitis. The analysis result may be greater than 250 units in the acute phase of disease, and scores above 500 indicate units adenemphraxis. But if urinalysis pancreatitis diastase indicators dropped to normal, it does not always speak about treatment. Sometimes enzymes decline may be associated with serious complication - necrotizing pancreatitis. In this case the death of pancreatic cells producing diastase.
- Diabetes. Normal levels increased by 10 times or more.
- Mumps (mumps). The enzyme is increased by several times.
In other inflammations of the enzyme increased slightly. This can be in the following pathologies:
- acute appendicitis;
- cholecystitis;
- pyelonephritis;
- cystitis;
- gastritis;
- colitis;
- peritonitis.
It can be concluded that the highest diastase indicators observed in pancreatic diseases and inflammatory processes in the salivary glands. But not always increase enzyme suggests pathology.
When filtration of renal function disorders in urine can be determined by a high level of diastase, but in this case the analysis would have no diagnostic value. Therefore, the study is not indicated, the results will not be valid for kidney disease. Also, the enzyme may be raised in the following cases:
- when taking drugs (Tetracycline, narcotic analgesics, antitumor means of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, epinephrine, anticoagulants, hormonal contraceptives);
- after alcohol consumption;
- after inspection by retrograde cholangiopancreatography;
- in contact with saliva in the investigated samples;
- in patients with drug dependence.
The decline in diastase observed much less frequently. The reason for this may be the first trimester, or toxemia of pregnancy, hepatitis, cystic fibrosis. The zero level of the enzyme shows that the pancreas is not functioning.
How to get tested
To these studies are accurate, it is necessary to prepare for the analysis. One day before the date of urine should not drink alcohol. If the patient assigned to medication, you should consult with your doctor about the admissibility of their admission to the examination. 2 hours before the analysis can not eat and drink. It is necessary to prepare in advance a sterile pharmaceutical container for collecting the material. Can not be used for the analysis of cans of food.
Analysis of the collected in the morning after hygienic procedures of the external genitalia. At the same time it takes for the study of midstream urine. Within a few seconds the first portion is produced in the toilet, then substitute container urine collected in it. A few seconds before the end of urination, the container is removed.
The material must be delivered to the study for 1-2 hours, as the enzyme is rapidly destroyed.
Some clinics are conducting a study on the daily urine diastase. In this case, a special laboratory to the patient gives a 4 liter container with a curing agent. During the day the patient collects urine in the container, it does not take into account only the first portion of the morning.
In hospital settings sometimes monitor diastase activity. Such an analysis is made to observe the dynamics of the development of acute pancreatitis. During the day, the urine is taken every 3 hours and immediately transported to the laboratory.
The analysis is based on the reaction of starch with diastase. The urine is added starch and iodine, and then observe the color of the mixture. If the enzyme activity level is low, the starch remains unsplit, and the composition is colored blue. At higher activity of diastase liquid is painted in purple, red and yellow shades.
Sometimes a high level of diastase can be seen with the naked eye, while there is a dark-colored urine. Usually it happens in acute pancreatitis. In addition, increased urine acetone, acetoacetic acid and hydroxybutyric.
Sometimes appoint more urinalysis. High contents of erythrocytes and leukocytes, as well as protein and pathological appearance cylinders occurs when running pancreatitis, renal disease complicated.
Increase diastase does not always speak about pancreatitis. Typically prescribed to refine the results and other diagnostic methods. But if the performance of this enzyme is higher than the rate of many times, the doctor first suspects pancreatic pathology.
