Endocrine Hypertension - secondary disease that develops against the background of functional disorders of the endocrine glands. Reasons for increase in pressure in this case often go undetected, because of which the patient receives the wrong medication. Develop complications that violate the functioning of the heart, lung, kidney and brain vessels.
What causes
The causes of endocrine hypertension are the following diseases:
- Acromegaly. Chronic disease caused by tumors of the pituitary, secreting growth hormone excess amount. The substance violates sodium excretion, which leads to an increase in the concentration of electrolytes in the blood. In the body, water is delayed, that provokes the increase in blood pressure. Endocrine hypertension similar origin is stable to treatment.
- Thyrotoxicosis. A pathological condition characterized by an increase of thyroid activity. This is observed in the subacute thyroiditis, available hormonally active tumors, diffuse toxic goiter. Thyroid hormones accelerate heart rate, constricts blood vessels lumens, increase cardiac output. Develops resistant hypertension, accompanied by neurological disorders.
- Pheochromocytoma. Is a tumor that is formed in the adrenals. Neoplasm produces adrenaline, which stimulates heart rate and constricts blood vessels. Hypertension in such case is accompanied by the frequent occurrence of crises. Persistent increase in pressure is observed. A crisis arises due to the release of catecholamines in the blood.
- Cushing's syndrome. The disease is accompanied by excessive production of cortisol, activating the sympathetic nervous system. Endocrine hypertension is accompanied by mental disorders, menstrual irregularities.
- Primary aldosteronism. Increasing concentrations of aldosterone in the blood causes the development of hypertension. Symptoms are permanent, they can not arrest the standard antihypertensive agents. The disease is accompanied by a decrease in muscle tone, seizures, frequent urge to urinate.
How to identify and recognize
Signs of endocrine hypertension do not differ from those in the primary form of the disease. Endocrine increase in pressure accompanied by manifestations of the underlying pathology. The clinical picture includes:
- a feeling of pressure and pulsation in the temples;
- severe headaches;
- dizziness;
- tinnitus;
- redness of the skin;
- muscle weakness;
- nausea and vomiting;
- pain in the left side of the chest.
The main disease is manifestation of:
- enlargement of feet, hands and head, skin thickening (Acromegaly);
- insomnia, increased appetite, weight loss, limb tremor, sweating (hyperthyroidism);
- tachycardia, panic attacks, sweating, fear (hyperthyroidism);
- deposition of fat on the abdominal wall, flush unhealthy appearance, pathological fractures, disruption of the reproductive system (Cushing's syndrome).
To identify disease using:
- blood test for hormones;
- study of blood glucose levels;
- MRI of the brain and adrenal glands;
- Biochemical analysis of blood, which allows to determine the concentration of potassium and sodium;
- Study on the content of the hormones and their metabolic products.
How and what treat
The choice of therapeutic technique depends on the causes of endocrine hypertension:
- In hyperthyroidism appointed tireostatiki (tyrosol), neutralizing the action of thyroid hormones. Pressure is reduced by means of beta-blockers (atenolol). Calcium antagonists reduce heart rate, preventing the development of heart disease. ACE inhibitors (Captopril) are assigned to the expansion of the left ventricle.
- When acromegaly standard antihypertensives (enalapril) is used for the temporary pressure decrease. Basic disease treated surgically - pituitary tumor is removed, whereupon symptoms of hypertension cease to appear. It suppresses the production of growth hormone drug Octreotide.
- In Cushing's syndrome, blood pressure was monitored using potassium-sparing diuretics (spironolactone), selective beta-blockers (Atsekora), ACE inhibitors (Lisinopril). Refuse medication provoking disruption of water-electrolyte balance. Adrenal tumor was removed surgically.
- In primary hyperaldosteronism appoint Veroshpiron. In the presence of tumors is held surgical intervention.
Endocrine treatment of hypertension need to be combined with changes in lifestyle and diet. Completely abandon salt and fried foods, consume plenty of fluids.
