Actinomycosis (radiant-fungal disease) - a systemic infection, prone to sluggish, chronic course. Actinomycosis characterized by the development of granulomas (aktinomikom), and fistulas abscesses.
Pathogens - branching bacteria actinomycetes. In humans, actinomycetes normally inhabit the mouth and gastrointestinal tract.
The causes of actinomycosis
The main predisposing factor of the disease - reduction of body resistance caused by concomitant diseases (tuberculosis, diabetes diabetes), Pregnancy.
By actinomycosis trauma predispose the mouth, periodontitis; they are less likely complications of surgery, bowel injury or duodenal ulcers, and others.
Of particular importance is the accompanying microflora that can significantly aggravate the severity of lesions.
symptoms of actinomycosis
- Maxillofacial form actinomycosis - the result of propagation of the pathogen in the subcutaneous tissue of the chronic infection foci in the oral cavity and pharynx. Frequent localization - the angle of the mandible, neck. There are deep painless seals that abscess, fistulas are formed. Also affected the lymph nodes and salivary glands. For chronic, relapsing. Characterized by fever, signs of local inflammation. Complications - inflammation of the membranes of the brain.
- Thoracic form develops when inhaled pathogens or their distribution of lesions on the neck, and in the esophagus. Affects the lungs, pleura, ribs, mediastinum, hilar lymph nodes, heart, great vessels. Characterized by fever, coughing, fistulas, weight loss, night sweats.
- Abdominal actinomycosis usually develops on the background of inflammation of the abdominal cavity (eg, appendicitis, Diverticulitis). Pelvic actinomycosis may occur when using an intrauterine device. Formed fistulas; possible development of liver abscesses.
- Generalized form - dermal (fistulas), brain, liver, kidney (abscesses).
Diagnostics
- Typical clinical manifestations actinomycosis;
- Microscopy of pus;
- Cultivation.
actinomycosis treatment
- Antibiotics - penicillin G (sodium salt) not less than 12 million units / day. in / in for 2 weeks., followed by 1 g of phenoxymethylpenicillin 4 p. / day. or tetracycline, 500 mg orally every 6 hours.
- Incision and drainage of purulent lesions.
Forecast
- With timely diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment prognosis is favorable.
- When actinomycosis severe complications and possible death.
