With the help of a general analysis of blood specialists monitor the health of the child. Neutrophils, the rate at which children should be age-appropriate, allow us to estimate the immune system. If the detected deviation from acceptable performance, you should find out the cause and undergo therapy, if necessary.
How to determine the level of
Neutrophils are a child, you can explore the following ways:
- clinical blood test;
- blood chemistry;
- bone marrow biopsy.
General blood analysis
The quantitative composition of neutrophils can be detected by blood count (KLA), t. To. These white blood cells react quickly to changes in the body.
To study the result was accurate, you must abide by the following rules:
- to be tested for an empty stomach;
- for several days before delivery KLA not to consume spicy and fried food, as well as products with preservatives and food additives;
- as far as possible not to take drugs;
- abandon intense muscular exertion;
- provide stable emotional state;
- Avoid sudden changes in temperature.
During delivery of the KLA on the skin should be no wounds, scratches, cuts and other injuries. If the child was vaccinated, it is possible to take the jab in 1-4 weeks.
Blood chemistry
If blood neutrophils in children are very different from the norm in the direction of increasing (neutrocytosis shift leukocyte to the left), with the deviation persists for a long time, it must be held additional study. Clarify and expand information allows the biochemical analysis of blood (BAC).
Blood is drawn from a vein. Terms preparation for delivery of the analysis are the same as in the KLA.
Bone marrow biopsy
Research conducted when the detected strong and stable deviation from the permissible values. The indication for the analysis of a condition in which the rate of young cells exceeded 5% in patients without a history of the following factors:
- intoxication;
- chronic infectious disease;
- exposure;
- blood loss;
- chronic stress;
- Reception of specific drugs.
If the rate of neutrophils in children exceeded by more than 10%, it may indicate the development of blood cancers. At concentrations below normal values are possible chromosomal abnormalities blood cell synthesis.
A biopsy is performed in outpatient clinics and hospital, using local anesthesia.
If the baby 1 year or less, the biomaterial is drawn from the femoral, tibial, or heel bone. In older children - from the pelvic bone.
normal levels
The norm in blood neutrophils in children is different from the normal values in adults. Measurement of neutrophil level is performed as a percentage, the sex of the baby does not matter, but with the child's age neutrophils rate varies. The study determined the contents of segmented and stab cells.
Norma neutrophils for children (table of age):
| Age | neutrophils | ||
| Total (h109) | Level (%) | ||
| band neutrophils | segmented neutrophils | ||
| Newborns | from 1.5 to 8 | 3 to 17 | 45 to 80 |
| Up to 1 year | from 1.8 to 8.55 | 0.5 to 4 | from 30.5 to 50.5 |
| To 6 years | 2.2 to 6.2 | 0.5 to 5 | from 35.5 to 55.5 |
| 12 years | 2.2 to 6.58 | 0.5 to 5 | from 40.5 to 60.5 |
| Up to 15 years | 2 to 6 | 0.5 to 6 | from 40 to 65 |
With age there is a gradual decrease in the number of neutrophils, the lower limit increases slightly. Normal blood segmented neutrophils in newborns can reach 80%. In this case, neutrophils stab normally a child must not exceed 17%.
From the second year of life and up to 15 years the concentration of neutrophils is gradually reduced. After 15 years, children have the same rate of neutrophils, as well as adults.
deviations
Segments in the blood of children may change as they grow older. Their absolute and relative values allows you to assess the state of health.
Increasing values
It allowed a temporary and slight increase in the level of neutrophils in the background of physical stress and negative emotions, and the concentration of other blood cells should not be subject changes. If the determined long-term increase in the level of neutrophils and leukocytes (neutrophils), the child must further examine.
Neutrophilia may occur when:
- leukemia;
- hemolytic anemia;
- acute inflammatory diseases;
- necrosis of tissue on a background of a burn, tropical ulcers;
- diabetes.
If only increased segmented neutrophils, You may develop:
- acute inflammation;
- infection without showing specific features;
- benign or malignant tumors.
With a sharp and substantial jump in the level of neutrophil child urgently needs to be evaluated and treated.
lowering
With the weakening of the immune system is decreased concentrations of neutrophils (neutropenia). In children, the cells are destroyed and hard work, are divided in insufficient quantity or incorrectly distributed.
Causes of neutropenia;
- impaired bone marrow function;
- recently borne illness;
- viral diseases (rubella, SARS, the measles);
- anemia;
- hyperthyroidism (thyroid disorder works);
- fungal diseases;
- exposure to chemicals;
- taking pain medications.
In the first year of life in children may develop chronic benign neutropenia. There are cases when this condition lasts for several years. In this case, the child is not observed health problems, and does not show the characteristic clinical picture. The disease does not need treatment and resolves on its own.
Treatment
The child's condition should be under constant supervision of a specialist, who at the time notice troubling changes and prescribe treatment. Yourself can not take drugs, so as not to provoke a critical deviation from the norm.
How to lower
To reduce the concentration of granulocytes doctor can make an appointment:
- antibacterial drugs;
- antivirals;
- anti-inflammatory medications;
- cytostatic agents, immunosuppressants.
The child is recommended diet, exercise therapy, physiotherapy.
How to improve
At higher values of granulocytes is necessary to normalize the immune system.
To do this, the children are assigned:
- a multivitamin;
- balanced diet;
- prevention of chronic diseases.
If neutropenia develops periodontal disease or a disease, it is necessary to rinse the mouth with the help of antibacterial drugs, infusions of herbs (chamomile, St. John's wort).
Detection of severe bacterial infections require antibiotics. If detected cancer pathology hematopoietic system, it shows blood transfusions and chemotherapy.
