One measure of the blood test is erythrocyte sedimentation rate. It represents a balance of proteins in the plasma, the speed of blood sedimentation, lacking the ability to clot. ESR norm during pregnancy are different because in women during gestation baby changes occur at the biochemical level.
How is the diagnosis
This type of research is carried out on 12, 21 and 30 weeks. If you experience symptoms of a woman figure determined unplanned illness.
signs of abnormalities
The main objective is to saturate the erythrocyte cells with oxygen and excretion of carbon dioxide. In violation of this algorithm appear the following symptoms:
- fever;
- headache;
- feeling the chill;
- loss of appetite;
- pale skin;
- acceleration of the heart rate;
- fatigue, weakness.
These symptoms may be due to an excessive increase of the index of infection or inflammation. The doctor evaluates symptoms, decides on the need for diagnosis.
analyzes
Diagnosis can be performed by Panchenkova method. In this case, the necessary capillary blood. Rent a common blood test from a finger. Laboratory research is as follows:
- After blood sampling in the laboratory it is exposed to anticoagulant (sodium citrate solution was used). This prevents clotting. To continue the research with the material tube is left for 1 hour.
- red blood cell density is higher than that of plasma. For this reason, they are deposited on the bottom of the container and the plasma remains on top. settling rate determined by the degree of aggregation of red bodies, i.e. ability to aggregate. Laboratory estimates of the upper layer thickness and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
There is another diagnostic method, called Westergren method. From the preceding it differs calibration results and the characteristics of the container used.
This is the most accurate method for determining the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in blood during pregnancy is more sensitive in the area of high performance. Receptacle 100 has Panchenkova divisions, while the Westergren method is used on a scale of 200 divisions. A study to determine the presence of abscesses, arthritis rheumatoid and psoriatic origin, lupus erythematosus. The method detects vasculitis, septic processes, polymyositis. For this type of research is needed venous blood:
- The doctor pulls the forearm.
- After treatment with antiseptic needle is inserted in the elbow area.
- In the process of blood collection is necessary to repeatedly open and close the fist.
- After sampling the required amount of material is extracted needle, an injection site is treated with alcohol.
To obtain accurate diagnostic results of the analysis have to take on an empty stomach. It is necessary to refuse from eating for 10 hours prior to the study. It is important to rule out physical exercise in a given time period and any physiotherapy. It is also necessary to maintain a balanced emotional state.
normal levels
ESR norm during pregnancy vary across trimesters. The average may vary either direction by week:
- In the 1st trimester indicator is unstable, it may increase or decrease in the first few months. Rate is 13 to 21 mm / hour.
- In the 2nd trimester considered optimal value of 25 mm / hour.
- Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate rules in the blood of women in trimester 3 is the norm. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate is increased to a level 30 mm / hour, can reach the value of 40-45 mm / h. The increased rate is stored before delivery, and returns to normal within a few months thereafter.
The sharp change in biochemical indices in pregnant women in the third trimester due to the establishment in the body of optimum conditions for the development of the child. Enhanced antibody synthesis to increase the value.
The causes of variances
Fluctuations in laboratory parameters depend on the individual characteristics of the organism, nutrition, emotional background. It plays an important role blood clotting. Upon detection of abnormalities your doctor may recommend other types of research, to eliminate the possibility of development of the pathological process.
excess
The most common cause of increased ESR is anemia during pregnancy. Normally, the red blood corpuscles repel each other, interacting as charged particles. This affects their sedimentation rate. Than their less interaction the smaller, faster settling. There are types of anemia where red blood cell count remains the same, however, they lose their properties. This also leads to rapid sedimentation.
Excess ESR can mean an increase in level of leukocytes or deviations in the composition of protein.
causes increased values may be:
- Inflammation in the pelvic organs and the digestive system. The value of the sedimentation velocity of red blood cells can be affected by any inflammation, even caries.
- kidney pathology. The presence of pathogenic microorganisms and inflammatory focus always involves changes in biochemical indicators. During pregnancy in the 2nd trimester begins to increase pressure on the internal organs of women, including kidneys. Can develop pyelonephritis with bacteriuria. Therefore, when deviations ESR during pregnancy concern is the possibility of manifestation of disorders of the urinary system.
- Colds.
- Viral, infectious processes.
- Autoimmune diseases of varying etiology, including nephrotic syndrome and allergies.
- Rheumatism.
- Fungal parasites.
- Malignant pathology.
Rate increase may indicate a blood thinner, there is bleeding (not only visible, but hidden).
ESR is often elevated in the second trimester and in the late stages due to increasing the load on the legs, which is reflected on the state of the veins. Developing varicose veins affect the biochemical parameters.
Acceleration of the drawdown of red blood cells is not always indicative of the presence of a dangerous disease. Even with an increase in the indicator above 50 mm / h can not make their own conclusions. If the figure is moderately increased during the second trimester and the last months, it is considered the norm. The sharp jump in sometimes observed before delivery. Unreasonable feelings can negatively affect state of health and aggravate the situation. The diagnosis is confirmed or refuted by the results of further tests.
If the indicator rolls over, being at the level of 85 or 90 mm / h, the first rule in the laboratory error calculations. If the value is confirmed by repeated analysis turn, mounted provoking disease.
decrease
Poor health may be accompanied by a decrease in erythrocyte sedimentation rate in pregnant women. More often it happens in the early stages due to the reception of various preparations, when an unbalanced diet. However, in this case, there is a possibility of several pathologies:
- Anemia, sickle-cell type. It is a hereditary pathology characterized by impaired hemoglobin structure.
- Developing muscular dystrophy called Duchenne.
- Polycythemia. The disease is associated with excessive synthesis myeloid cells responsible for formation of erythrocytes.
Lower ESR the norm during pregnancy in the third trimester may be omitted in case of violation of water-salt balance. Figure depends on the emotional state, decreases with stress and neuroses.
How to normalize the blood sedimentation rate
To confirm the diagnosis and treatment of a pregnant woman gynecologist sends to phlebologist, nephrologist, or the dentist, depending on the manifested symptoms and suspicion.
If Westergren ESR is increased in pregnancy, treatment measures are aimed at addressing the causes of the disease. Consider the following:
- the results of surveys;
- the degree of development of pathology;
- gestational age;
- symptoms.
At a high ESR on the background of anemia treatment includes diet modification, with the inclusion of iron products. In this case, the doctor considers the woman taken vitamin complexes, in order to avoid overdose. It promotes normalization of the following recommendations:
- walks in the open air;
- elimination of stress factors;
- balanced diet.
During treatment, the physician monitored to assess treatment efficacy and tolerability of prescription drugs by the body of a pregnant woman. Functionality of red blood cells to stabilize for a month after the treatment.
