1 Lipid Level Targets
Now on the forms for analysis the cholesterol values are indicated in the norm. However, these are the indicators that are observed in 95% of healthy people( reference values).In fact, scientists have proved a direct dependence: the lower the concentration of cholesterol in the blood, the less a person's risk of getting diseases of the cardiovascular system. That is why it is possible to ignore these norms safely, and to be guided by the target values to which each person should strive to achieve. Here they are:
| Indicator | Target value, in mmol / l | "Norm" indicated on the form( for comparison), in mmol / l |
| Total cholesterol | ˂5 | 3,2-5,6 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterolHDL) | ||
| For men | ˃1.0 | 0,7-1,73 |
| For women | ˃1,2 | 0,86-2,28 |
| Low density lipoprotein cholesterol( LDL) | ||
| For low and moderate risk groups | ˂3.0 | |
| For high risk groups | ˂2.5 | |
| For very high risk groups | ˂1,8 | |
| Men | 2,25-4,82 | |
| Women | 1, 92-4.51 | |
| Very low density lipoproteins( VLDL) | 0.26-1.04 | |
| Triglycerides | ˂1.7 | 1.41-1.8 |
| Atherogenicity coefficient | 2,2-3,5 |
Groupa very high risk consists of patients who are diagnosed with:
- ischemic heart disease, including those with a history of myocardial infarction;
- diabetes mellitus.
High-risk group consists of people with high cholesterol, suffering from hypertension, obesity, and smoking and abusing alcohol.
It should be noted that, when tested with imported automatic analyzers, cholesterol in the blood test can be indicated in English. The name of total cholesterol is Chol( cholesterol), TC( total cholesterol), high density lipoprotein( HDL), low density lipoprotein( LDL), triglycerides( triglycerides), atherogenicity indexLA.
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2 What should I do if I get out of the normal?
If low-density lipoproteins( "bad" cholesterol) exceed the target value, you should:
- Sit on a diet with a minimum content of animal fat.
- Visit the doctor and find out whether to take medicines from the group of statins - drugs that effectively lower cholesterol and prolong life. Folk methods( the reception of fish oil or lemons with garlic), as well as all kinds of dietary supplements do not give such a result.
In case of exceeding the concentration of LDL more than 7.5 mmol / l, it is urgent to visit a cardiologist who will help restore lipid metabolism. The doctor will study the family history, assign the analysis to the next of kin, because family hypercholesterolemia is very likely. Additionally it may be required:
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- ultrasound of tendons( with the help of ultrasound, lipid deposits are perfectly observed);
- genetic research.
Excessive cholesterol levels may also be due to the presence of hypothyroidism. With this disease, the function of the thyroid gland decreases. Therefore, the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone( TSH), which regulates the activity of this organ, must be studied. With a low concentration of TSH, treatment is directed to restore normal thyroid function, while the level of lipoproteins decreases.
And if the concentration of "bad" cholesterol is lower than normal? Then it is very good: the probability of myocardial infarction and other diseases of the cardiovascular system decreases. Of course, the presence of cholesterol is necessary for the synthesis of steroid hormones, but this requires quite a bit.
The concentration of low-density lipoproteins depends on the level of high-density lipoprotein( HDL), so that the higher the "good" cholesterol, the lower the LDL content, and therefore, is better for humans. The concentration of HDL is increased by sterols, it is not necessary to take any additional medicines.
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Another indicator is the coefficient of atherogenicity. But its value at the time is almost not considered. The main thing in the analysis, which the doctor pays attention to, is the level of LDL.
3 What does triglycerides affect?
Increased triglyceride content is one of the causes of liver, bile duct and pancreas function disorders. The greatest danger of a significant excess of the norm is acute pancreatitis.
Recommendations for reducing high levels of triglycerides are similar to combating obesity, since their nature is common:
- reducing consumption of meat and fatty foods;
- increase in physical activity.
If the concentration of triglycerides in the blood significantly exceeds the norm( more than 5 mmol / l), the doctor can prescribe omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids or the intake of fenofibrate.
If the concentration reaches 10 mmol / l, you need a hardware blood purification( conducting plasmapheresis).
A blood test for cholesterol is a vital procedure, it can not be ignored! Moreover, this research is done in practically any laboratory, and the preparation as a whole is not different from the preparation for other blood tests.
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- 1 Lipid Level Targets
- 2 What should I do if I'm out of the norm?
- 3 What does triglycerides affect?
The analysis of cholesterol assays for obtaining certain conclusions about the patient's state of health is the case of the attending physician. But a simple person needs to know the norms of lipids in the blood.
To do such an analysis should all be necessary, and those who are older than 35 - at least once a year. With a total cholesterol of more than 5 mmol / l, it is necessary to donate blood for an expanded study of cholesterol( lipid spectrum).
Analyzing lipoproteins in children is also necessary at least once, because it is rare, but there are different genetic diseases, for example, family hypercholesterolemia, in which the cholesterol content is very high, and the risk of manifestations of cardiovascular complications is extremely increased.
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