Vomiting and diarrhea in a child without a fever. The reasons than to treat, what to do. Drugs, food

Vomiting and diarrhea in a child sometimes pass without raising the temperature and do not represent a serious pathological condition. Cause gastrointestinal disorder may exacerbation of chronic disease, the presence of parasites, goiter, allergy to product chemistry poisoning.

Parents in 60% of cases, can themselves identify the cause of the unpleasant symptoms, provide first aid kid. Prescribe drug treatment course should be a pediatrician.

Causes of vomiting and diarrhea in a child without a fever

Affect the occurrence of diarrhea and vomiting may many factors. Doctors divide the causes into groups: pathological, physiological. The last to be active in the period up to 3 years, when the first teeth.

In primary school age and preschool arise excitement associated with weaning from home and the lessons that lead to the appearance of vomiting and diarrhea. By pathological causes include: intestinal infections, food poisoning, allergies, dysbiosis, aggravation of gastrointestinal diseases, worm infestations.

Intestinal infection

Vomiting and diarrhea in a child without a fever may appear on the background of rotavirus disease or unwashed hands. Symptoms occur usually after 3 days after infection. Over an average of 2 days of the incubation period, the baby did not show signs of infection.

Intestinal infection refers to parasitic diseases. Transferred to 90% through unwashed hands, when the baby touches the subjects affected by the virus. In other cases the possible contamination by airborne droplets. The peak incidence occurs between the ages of 3 to 5 years, when the child attends preschool.

If a preschooler is a carrier of infection, other children sick in 90% of cases.

Rotavirus occurs with fever, if the baby suffers an infection for the first time. Repeated infection usually produces immunity, the disease occurs more easily.

Of the symptoms of a child may experience:

• diarrhea;
• vomiting;
• nausea;
• stomach ache;
• the skin becomes pale gray or hue;
• dehydration.

In severe infections may occur flowing convulsions, loss of consciousness. They are associated with prolonged dehydration, when parents can not alone stop the vomiting and diarrhea in crumbs.

Diarrhea accompanied by rotavirus always, because the infection affects the intestines. Because of the pathogenic microflora chair may increase up to 15 times per day. The feces are sometimes observed mucus, speaking of the inflammatory process. Rotavirus always goes with nausea, vomiting, passing in at untimely treatment.

The symptom occurs because of a simultaneous destruction of not only the colon, but also the entire gastrointestinal tract. Parents often report that diarrhea and vomiting is not interleaved, and occur simultaneously. A sick child does not peel off from the pot or toilet, vomits.

Dehydration occurs when the diarrhea comes along with vomiting. The body loses a lot of fluid. Doctors are advised to immediately give the baby a special electrolyte solution or plain water, which makes it easier to clean up the infection from the body and compensate for fluid balance.

Recognize dehydrated easily, the child complains of severe weakness. Sometimes children can not stand yourself out of bed, walk to the bathroom, take a few steps. There may be a loss of consciousness against the background of excessive dehydration, loss of strength.

Food poisoning

Vomiting and diarrhea in a child without a temperature characteristic of poisoning. Cause an organism can be of poor quality, late shop and home products.

It causes poisoning dangerous toxins in foods, unwashed vegetables and fruits. In 40% of cases of children poisoned confectionery, pickled products, milk, smoked products, canned food, exotic food.

Kids harder to tolerate toxicological infection than adults. This is due to a lack of enzymes that bind and detoxifying. The child work bowel underdeveloped body microflora can cope with harmful substances.

After contact with the body of poor product until the first signs of malaise extends from half an hour to one day. A child at the beginning of the disease feels chills, weakness, abdominal pain, cramps in the intestines. Infection can occur in different ways, depending on the patient's age, type of disease-causing bacteria, the amount of food eaten.

Food poisoning is characterized by:

• increased weakness;
• chills;
• nausea or vomiting;
• diarrhea;
• child refuses to eat;
• severe pain in the abdomen;
• drowsiness;
• spasms in the intestines.

Poisoned baby stage 3 passes food poisoning: asymptomatic, and a step of toxigenic period of convalescence. Severe symptoms has the second period, the third body occurs recovery.

Should assist in the first hour after the onset of symptoms.

If the baby vomited more than 2 times, an urgent need to replenish water and electrolyte balance with a liquid, a special preparation - rehydron.

Vomiting and diarrhea in a child with food poisoning without temperature are due to the reaction to the invasion of poisoning.

Thus, the body tries to bring harmful substances. It is important to food poisoning in time to ask for emergency help while the child did not have dehydration, toxins do not destroy the work of the bodies began.

dysbacteriosis

During fetal development the baby intestine is empty beneficial bacteria, sterile body. After the birth of the first application to the chest going colonization of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli contained in the colostrum of women.

Dysbacteriosis manifests as intestinal disorder that occurs due to an imbalance of microflora when harmful bacteria predominate over beneficial. In newborns, the disease develops due to late initiation of breastfeeding, improper diet young mother, the early introduction of complementary foods.

According to the statistics to dysbacteriosis predisposed children who are artificial and mixed feeding, with frequent changes in the milk mixture.

In children, the disease develops after a year as a result of deferred intestinal infections, unbalanced nutrition, a weakened immune system, antibiotics.

Often the cause of dysbacteriosis are helminthic infestations, hormonal disorders, adverse psycho-emotional state, predisposition to allergic reactions.

Dysbiosis manifested symptoms:

• seething, rumbling in the intestine;
• abdominal cramps;
• bloating, increased flatulence;
• diarrhea or constipation;
• nausea or vomiting;
• lack of appetite.

Bacteria overgrowth is called a disease that is wrong from a medical point of view. This condition is accompanied by a reduced content of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal microflora and the excess of pathogens. Sometimes bacteria overgrowth may be a separate sign of the disease: gastritis, duodenitis, colitis, etc.

Allergic reaction

Allergy occurs when ingestion component which is not transferred to the child. The result is severe pain in the stomach, leading to diarrhea, vomiting. The unpleasant symptoms will as long until no intake of allergic substances.

Chair intolerance product becomes liquid, with mucus. Diarrhea is more common than vomiting. Signs depends on the severity of the child. Simultaneously with diarrhea may occur strong chills, abdominal pain, nausea with vomiting. If an allergy does not cause inflammation, treated in time, the child does not increase body temperature.

Increasing the level of acetone in the body

Normally, the acetone is in the body every healthy person, but the component must not be detected in laboratory studies. When the baby is found in the blood or urine test this element, say acetonemia. As a rule, the state indicates diabetes. Often leads to abnormal lack of glucose in the blood.

At crumbs can not fully be produced in the blood necessary enzymes to process glucose. As a result, the level rises acetone.

Increasing the level of acetone in urine or blood accompanied by a series of symptoms:

• arrhythmia;
• infrequent urination;
• diarrhea;
• fever (not always);
• excessive sweating, drowsiness;
• stanvoityas dry skin;
• profuse vomiting after meals or water;
• odor of acetone in urine;
• loss of consciousness.

If doctors find the child acetone in urine, little patient urgently examined in a hospital. elevated levels result component becomes sometimes coma.

Inflammation of the digestive tract

Vomiting and diarrhea in a child without a fever often occur during exacerbation of chronic gastrointestinal disorders. Gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenitis, pancreatitis, cholelithiasis, biliary dyskinesia, enterocolitis in inflammatory process have similar symptoms. Not a health care professional is difficult to determine what is causing vomiting and diarrhea.

Cause exacerbation of chronic gastrointestinal disease becomes:

• unfavorable environmental conditions;
• failure to comply with the diet;
• unhealthy lifestyle;
• receiving too cold or hot foods;
• the decline of the immune system;
• frequent colds, stress.

Depending on the pathology the patient is treated in the stationary or outpatient basis.

Enteritis

When there is an inflammatory process, talking about enteritis in the small intestine mucosa. The disease occurs because of malnutrition, somatic pathologies, parasitic infestations, allergies. Enteritis often occurs as a concomitant disorder at an aggravation of chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Enteritis is an acute and chronic. In the second form of the baby concerned about recurrent abdominal pain, heaviness, bloating, flatulence, diarrhea or constipation. In acute process flows arise vomiting, diarrhea, rumbling, present in faeces particles of undigested food.

metabolic disorders

Infringement of a volume is rare in pediatrics. The condition is not a single disease, occurs against the backdrop of a violation of the digestive tract, false hunger, lack of physical activity.

Ongoing studies have shown that the rate of digestion of food is influenced by many factors:

• quality products;
• mastication (on the run, in large chunks or careful);
• fluid deficit;
• hypothyroidism;
• lack of vitamins and minerals;
• lack of physical activity;
• overweight;
• large consumption of protein foods

Notice manifestations slow metabolism may be on the basis of:

• child constantly wants to eat;
• overweight;
• pimples on the nose, the forehead, the back;
• diarrhea, constipation is replaced;
• nausea with overeating.

vermin

Worm infestation are typical for children of preschool age. When you visit a kindergarten, where children are constantly faced with the environment, toys and other everyday items easily become a carrier of a parasitic infection. Note the presence of pinworms or ascarids in the body of the child is not difficult, if you look closely and watch the crumbs.

As a rule, children infected or reduced on the contrary increased appetite, decreased weight, there is a strange rash on the body, as allergic. Chair alternating constipation and diarrhea, worsening sleep, there is anal itching, nausea, nails start to exfoliate. Learn exactly the presence of parasites in the body to help special analysis - coprogram.

Appendicitis

The disease is characterized by acute inflammation of the appendix of the large intestine - appendix. Cause of the pathology is becoming an unhealthy diet, parasitic infection getting into the cecum stool, unable to digest things, congenital anomalies, and his body twisting.

The symptoms of appendicitis are different in adults and children. In the latter case, the body's response depends on the stage of the pathology. Uncomplicated appendicitis is asymptomatic in 90%. The child are minor nagging pains in the abdomen, nausea, lack of appetite.

At the destructive phase of the disease arises:

• pain in the lower abdomen, extending sometimes to the navel;
• vomiting;
• diarrhea or constipation;
• fever;
• loss of appetite;
• symptom-SHCHetkina Blumberg (sharp pain when hand pressure in the projection below the navel, to the right);
• increasing the size of the stomach;
• flatulence;
• severe cramps.

At the slightest suspicion of appendicitis, parents should call an ambulance. Appendicitis acute inflammation in step (empyema) can lead to the perforation process, fatal.

The causes of vomiting in a child without a fever

Consider the need of children from 1-2 years old, infants vomiting often associated with a normal response of the body associated with the reflux of the newborn. To avoid this reaction, it is necessary to keep the baby after feeding "column", the correct selection of the mixture do not overfeed the baby.

In children up to a year cause of the unpleasant symptoms of the disease may become:

• gastroesophageal reflux (If you do not pass after a year, you need to consult a doctor);
• pilorospazm (Spasm of the pylorus, causing slightly periodic vomiting without breaking the chair);
• pyloristenosis (Profuse vomiting due to a defect in the structure of congenital muscular stomach layer character);
• congenital diverticulum of the esophagus.

After a year of the child may experience the following pathologies characterized by vomiting without diarrhea:

• traumatic brain injury;
• bowel obstruction;
• gastritis;
• inflammation of the pancreas;
• Cholelithiasis (gallstones);
• psychogenic vomiting nervosa;
• cholecystitis;
• acute gastro;
• appendicitis;
• food poisoning.

These diseases can wear sluggish, be latent, not accompanied by fever.

The causes of diarrhea in a child without a fever

Stool irregularities occur due to physiological or pathological causes. When psychogenic diarrhea when the child has diarrhea with nervous disorders, feelings, worries, treatment is not required. It can cope with the problem, if the reason is poor nutrition. If diarrhea persists after following the diet, you need to consult your pediatrician.

cause diarrhea without vomiting, may be:

• disease infectious nature;
• enzyme deficiency;
• intestinal dysbiosis, often occur without vomiting, may experience nausea;
• reaction to medications;
• allergies to foods.

Safe for a child's life causes vomiting and diarrhea without fever

There are situations where vomiting cope with the situation and the violation of a chair parents able to on their own. Typically, these disorders are associated with a physiological response of the organism to the environment or internal disorder.

physiological regurgitation

It is typical for newborns does not require special treatment. It is due to the 70% of children under one year, is the result of contact with milk or formula from the stomach back into the esophagus.

The reason for the frequent regurgitation of stomach becomes feature of form, a short length of the esophagus in an infant, The immaturity of the sphincter, which is characteristic for newborns. These are manifestations of age. Worried about regurgitation stands after 1 year, when the problem may be related to gastroezofagalnm reflux.

Teething

Teething may occur a slight disorder of the chair, the body temperature rise. The kid will be capricious, pull everything into his mouth, crying in his sleep.

Recognize teething easily, you need to touch a hand to clean the gum baby. If they are swollen, reddened or whitened, visible crack or hole, we can expect the emergence of a new tooth. As a rule, the first baby teeth appear after 3 months.

To help your child in several ways at home. Pediatricians recommend to apply the problematic gums special means, cooling and analgesia (Kalgel, Holisal) or give the baby more than gryzunki. Now sell special items for biting, which can be cooled, they provide a calming effect.

psychogenic vomiting

It can occur at any age, from newborn to the elderly person. The second name - the somatic, as is associated with a psychological disorder, experiences that are reflected in the work of the gastrointestinal tract.

By Associated symptoms of psychogenic vomiting include:

• nausea or vomiting;
• pain, spastic nature in the abdomen;
• sweating;
• lowering blood pressure;
• heart palpitations.

Suffer from the disease more than junior high school students and preschoolers. At first the disorder is often associated with the delivery of the exam unprepared for a lesson, the competition, the latter - with a separation from home, separation from parents for a long time.

What is the danger of the situation?

Risk of vomiting and diarrhea is dehydration. Complication characterized by a loss of fluid, with which displays useful trace elements and minerals, salts, which leads to serious consequences. If parents try to treat vomiting and diarrhea at home without success, the probability of dehydration.

When should you call the doctor. symptoms of dehydration

Sometimes parents try to help their own baby, wasting time for salvation. If, after taking medication occurs secondary vomiting and diarrhea you need to call an ambulance.

Determine the dehydration of the baby easily on signs:

• oral mucosa and tongue becomes dry;
• saliva viscosity increases;
• Body temperature rises;
• there is fever;
• excessive exhaustion, sometimes a child can not move;
• the skin becomes gray hue.

If vomiting and diarrhea occur in infants, need to urgently call for an ambulance immediately if symptoms persist. Infants are not physiologically a lot of drinking, which exacerbates the situation. Only doctors can help. The earlier parents seek help, the greater the chances for further outpatient treatment. In other situations, children taken to hospital.

Terms of first aid before arrival of the doctor

If a child is sick, there is vomiting, loose stools, you need to act immediately. By the rules of first aid refers fluid intake - drinking plenty of fluids. It is desirable that home medicine cabinet was always Regidron, Pedilayt, screaming. Drugs can not just make up the water reserves in the body, but also salt, potassium, which are lost in the process of intoxication.

Powders used as a solution, a correct dose is registered in the instruction to the drug. During the first 5 hours while dewatering baby give 5-15 ml every 10-15 minutes.

It is important that the child drank it in small sips. When the condition is improved, the dosage is reduced over time (every 20-25 minutes). If the baby can not drink the solution, you need to use a syringe (without the needle), pour the medicine through the cheek.

If the home is no necessary medicines to save the situation can be salt, baking soda, sugar, potassium chloride, boiled water. The mixing ratio: 1 l water for 4 hours. spoons of sugar, 0.5 hours. spoons salts of sodium and potassium. Stir the solution. You can use it during the day.

Treatment with drugs: Group funds, the names, the statement

Tactics of treatment depends on the pathology that leads to vomiting and diarrhea. Treatment is prescribed as a rule, after the relief of intoxication and dehydration. As soon as the patient gets a little easier to start drug therapy.

Disease	tactics of treatment
dysbacteriosis	Antibacterial drugs, if discovered bacterial dysbiosis. Prescribers after the testing for sensitivity to antibiotics. Means reducing microflora (probiotics and prebiotkii): Atsepol, Bifidumabakterin, Bifiform. Diet (remove the menu, sweet, flour, fat, salted, smoked, products that cause flatulence). Selected drugs depending on the type of pathogen.
Gastritis	Enzymatic preparations, if necessary (Creon Panzinorm, pancreatitis). Medicaments for reducing production of hydrochloric acid (ranitidine, famotidine). Antacids (Maalox, Fosfalyugel, Almagel). SMorbenty diarrhea and vomiting (Activated Carbon, Smecta, Enterosgel). Antispasmodics with strong pains (Buscopan, Duspatalin, No-spa). Gastroenterologist prescribe antibiotics if necessary. Diet, including foods, not irritate the stomach.
gastroesophageal relyuks	Dieting (not overfeed the baby, give only healthy food). Means of reducing the negative influence on the esophagus hydrochloric acid (Fanitidin, ranitidine). Reglan to stimulate the motor and the motor activity of the stomach.
Food poisoning	Sorbents, excessive drinking (Regidron), gastric lavage.
Allergy	Treated reception sorbents with diarrhea and vomiting plus antihistamines (Zodek, Zyrtec, Suprastin).
Intestinal infection	When the temperature raising - Tsefekon, Nurofen. Sorbents for removing toxins Regidron to prevent dehydration and removal of harmful components. Antiviral drugs on doctor's advice (Viferon candles). Dieting. Do not give medicines, fixing the chair.
parasitic infections	Protivoglistye drugs (Tanaksol, Gelmintoks, Nemozol).

Nutrition: Generally the product list

Vomiting and diarrhea in a child without a fever, usually pass quickly, the baby will require an energy replenishment. The first time after the state of the crumbs of relief should be given steam omelettes, rice porridge on the water, pumpkin, buckwheat or oats.

Can be used in a limited number of hard-boiled eggs - no more than 1-2 per day. Cook burgers for a couple of: fish, low-fat chicken or beef, rabbit, turkey. Kids can be incorporated into the diet of pumpkin, carrot and squash puree. On the second day possible to use fat dairy products is not more than 2.5%.

Drink

When dehydration during the first hours Regidron supposed to take, or its analogs. While improving the state of health can be given baby rice water, weak in the absence of infusion Hypericum allergic reaction, weak liquor from the hips.
How do you know that treatment works?

Understand that the treatment has a positive effect on the child is easy, if you carefully monitor his condition. The child has stopped vomiting and diarrhea, appetite appears on the second or third day of the chair becomes normal. Skin changes from gray to pink, healthy shade disappears weakness, normal temperature, the baby starts to play, to lead an active lifestyle, walking.

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

Video about the treatment of emesis, and diarrhea

What to do if your child has vomiting and diarrhea: