Sleep disturbance in adults. Treatment, medication, folk remedies, causes in adults

Sleep disorder in adults - is a psychosomatic illness that requires complex treatment on the basis of the reasons that caused its development. Chronic disorder of sleep, falling asleep or waking period is referred to as a medical term - insomnia, hypersomnia or parasomnia.

The causes of sleep disorders in adults

Insomnia - a reaction of the central nervous system to one or several factors that negatively affect the human body.

There are the following factors that might disturb the sleep process, thus depriving him of a good rest during the night or during the daytime:

• psycho-emotional overstrain;
• daily stress and conflict situations in the home, at work;
• Adverse conditions in which the process of falling asleep (rigid bed, noise in the room or adjacent rooms, change of time zone);
• long reception of drugs containing in its composition active substance affecting performance central nervous system, psychosomatic reaction (antidepressants, nootropics, corticosteroids, psychostimulants);
• alcohol abuse, when a person has to develop resistance to alcohol dependence;

• Reception of narcotic drugs (substances contained in the composition of cocaine, LSD and marijuana, have on psyche stimulation effect, provoking an extended period of wakefulness, a burst of vitality and energy);
• concomitant neurological and psychosomatic disorders;
• diseases of the endocrine system in the form of hypoglycemia,
• induced diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism thyroid;
• chronic obstructive bronchitis, asthma, allergic etiology;
• esophageal reflux of stomach type, ulcers, gastro intestinal, heartburn;
• irregular schedule, night shifts in manufacturing;
• chronic infection found in the tissues of internal organs that cause fever, the appearance subfebrile temperature violate night's sleep;
• cardiovascular disease, manifested arrhythmia, tachycardia, angina, slow heart rate;
• hypertension or chronic hypotension;
• Moved consequences of traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease is a progressive, age or intoxication dementia;
• condition of the body, accompanied by bouts of acute pain (arthritis of the joints, cancer tumor stage 3-4, bowel obstruction, cancer of the brain, phantom pain after amputation limbs);
• Dermatological diseases that are accompanied by intense itching of the skin, the formation of venous ulcers;
• specific conditions that occur only during sleep - sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome, Pickwick, the gnashing of teeth;
• prolonged depression, schizophrenia, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder and other mental disorders;
• old age.

Sleep disturbance in adults can occur suddenly for no apparent prerequisites.

According to medical statistics, in 15% of cases to determine the true cause of insomnia - can not. In addition, the diagnosis and treatment process is complicated by the wrong actions of the patient in the form of attempts at self treating insomnia reception drugs consumption of alcoholic beverages directly before going to sleep.

Types of diseases in which sleep disturbance in adults

Sleep disturbance in adults, the treatment of which requires the receiving sedatives or tranquilizers, are classified according to the type of psychosomatic disorder. The following table lists the kinds of sleep disorders process of falling asleep and of the internal organs, are in a state of rest.

Kind of sleep disorder	Characteristic pathological condition
insomnia	The classic manifestation of sleep disorders and sleep process. The patient can lie in bed for 1-3 hours unsuccessfully trying to sleep. Symptoms of restless insomnia is, superficial and intermittent sleep. This form of the disease occurs in people of all age groups. Manifestation of the disease is associated with psychosomatic disorders, restless legs syndrome, stress and nervous tension.
hypersomnia	Unlike this type of insomnia pathological condition characterized by excessive sleepiness. Man constantly sleepy. Such symptoms are present, both at night and in the daytime. Hypersomnia significantly reduces the patient's quality of life, increases the risk of accidents. The most common causes of hypersomnia is receiving medications, endocrine and cardiovascular disease, alcoholism.
parasomnia	One of the most severe and dangerous sleep disorders. It appears sudden onset of fear of choking, convulsions that lead to awakening, shortness of breath, sweating. For parasomnias characterized by disruption of the internal organs and systems. For example, a sudden stop breathing, bedwetting.

Kind of sleep disorder is determined by the attending physician as a result of examination of the patient, presence of current symptoms and clinical manifestations of the disease. Based on this scheme is chosen, further therapy.

Diagnosis of sleep disorders in adults

Sleep disturbance in adults, treatment is started only after a complex examination of the body, requires the following diagnostics:

• medical history of the patient's general state of health;
• maintaining a separate schedule of sleep and periods of wakefulness (patient is an inpatient unit of the hospital under medical supervision, or the records referred to data on their own);
• polysomnography;
• laboratory study of venous and capillary blood;
• Ultrasound of the internal organs of tissues, if the patient has a history of concomitant diseases of the endocrine, digestive, cardiovascular systems;
• brain CT for possible detection of foci of organic lesions, tumors;
• Deposit morning urine for biochemical research.

The above methods of inspection are performed in a public hospital or a private clinic. In the latter institution Health Survey costs 3500-4000 rubles. The state clinic diagnostic procedures are free.

When to see a doctor

Sleep disturbance in adults, the treatment which takes from a few days to 6 months., requires timely treatment to the doctor, neurologist, psychiatrist or psychotherapist. Selection of the appropriate doctor specialization depends on the presence of concomitant symptoms of sleep disorders, as well as the causal factors that have caused it.

If an adult person for 3 nights in a row can not sleep, or else his sleep is interrupted with frequent awakenings, it is a significant cause for treatment to the doctor.

Sleep disorder is not a dangerous disease, but it can be one of the hallmarks of an existing disease. Also not ruled out the development of serious complications and health problems that are caused by lack of proper rest to internal organs.

Prevention of sleep disorders in adults

To avoid sleep disturbance, to preserve the health of the body and its systems, it is necessary to perform daily preventive maintenance simple rules that ensure quality of sleep hygiene.

they are as following:

• adhere to a pre-existing regime of the day;
• go to bed and wake up from sleep in the same time;
• sleep on the same bed, do not sleep on the couch or anywhere else in the house;
• not take drugs and beverages which increase the activity of the central nervous system (coffee and strong tea, liquor, antidepressants);
• avoid eating food just before going to bed;
• provide the body with a sufficient level of physical activity in the form of training in sports such like athletics, cycling, swimming (do not perform the exercises in the evening day);
• does not go to sleep on an empty stomach (allowed to drink a glass of warm milk with honey, cocoa or yogurt);
• before going to bed should not be intense mental stress, requiring concentration and attention span;
• avoid stress, conflicts, psycho-emotional surge;
• before going to bed to engage in activity that calms the nervous system, contributes to the rapid fall asleep (reading books, prayer, meditation, watching television);
• you need only to fill in the right conditions, that the house was no noise, the room lights should be switched off, there was a draft, night curtains zadornuty;
• bed for sleep should be soft, smooth and comfortable, not permitted excessive deflection or excessive mesh stiffness;
• overnight not drink more than 150 ml of water (otherwise disturbed sleep may be overflow of the bladder);
• room where is performed the night sleep, should be well ventilated, saturated sufficient volume of fresh air;
• you need to go to sleep right away, as soon as the first signs of drowsiness.

If a person went to bed, and after 30 minutes. Sleep did not come, you can not stay in bed. Should be included in the room light and occupy yourself with something distracting, requiring concentration. The best option would be reading books, solving crossword constructor collect puzzle or mosaic.

Methods of treating sleep disorders in adults

Treatment of sleep disorders in adults may be based on medication, prescriptions of traditional medicine and the use of methods of psychological influence. Each of the following methods in its own way is effective and may be suitable for patients with sleep disorders.

Medications

Therapy medications are the most effective ways to treat insomnia in adults. Especially if the sleep disorder is caused by stress, emotions, accompanying psychosomatic diseases.

In this case, the following drugs:

• ivadal - a potent hypnotic, a manufacturer produces a tablet form, is assigned directly to 10 mg before going to sleep, the elderly dose reduced in 2 times (duration of therapy - from 2 days to 4 weeks depending on the type and severity of the disorder sleep);
• Adorma - assigned to reception of 1 tablet (5 mg) for 5-10 minutes. before going to sleep, short sleep disorders require treatment duration of 5 days, more severe clinical cases may require treatment for a period of 1 month. (Preparation assigned with caution to patients with renal failure);
• Sanval - one tablet contains 5 mg of zolpidem tartrate are assigned to reception of 1 tablet before bedtime, and the maximum daily dose of medicament should not exceed 10 mg (for elderly patients to reduce the dosage of 2 times);
• Donormil - an effective drug for insomnia, take 1 tablet before bedtime, which is dissolved in a glass of water, it is not recommended for people who have related renal diseases, disorders of urine outflow, as well as diseases of the respiratory system (used only for relief of the primary insomnia with short violation sleep).

Hypnotics drugs should only be prescribed by a doctor. Unwarranted therapy with this group can cause irreversible consequences for the human body, and also cause the onset of coma or death.

Traditional methods

In addition to medication therapy, there are no less effective means of dealing with sleep disorders in adults. They consist in the use of the following recipes.

1. Pillow with hops. You need to bring a pillow sizes 30 to 30 cm, cut it and put inside filler 100 grams of dried hops. It is believed that the scent of this plant strengthens sleep helps to get rid of long-term insomnia. This pad should be used to sleep at night on a regular basis, or else at the time of manifestation of violations.
2. Warm milk with honey. 15 min. before the planned bedtime should take 200 ml of milk, heat it to a temperature of 33 degrees Celsius, and then add the 1 hour. l. honey collected from grasses. Fragrant and useful drink is drunk in small sips. Then you need to perform oral hygiene and go to bed. It guarantees a good and healthy sleep throughout the night.
3. Infusion of valerian root. Folk remedy is prepared in the evening hours just before bedtime. It needs to take 1 hour. l. of dried root of the plant, pour it into a teapot or any other tightly sealable container. Thereafter, the medicine filled in 200 ml of boiling water. It should wait until the vehicle 1 h infusion. Then tincture consumed in 10 min. before sleep.

Before using folk remedies treatment should first visit the doctor, as well as to diagnose the body. It is possible that insomnia or other sleep disorders - it is just a symptom of the disease of the internal organs.

psychological methods

As an alternative therapies used cognitive therapy. Its use is effective in cases when the cause of sleep disorders is not related to the current diseaseAnd hiding in self-hypnosis and patient disasterization insomnia.

The cognitive therapist spends with human outreach, explains that it is not necessary so critical of disturbed sleep process.

Complications and health problems will not develop as quickly as the body self-regulates the need for hours of sleep and wakefulness. Also attempts to establish the psychological reasons that is causing the rest at night.

Other methods

Depending on the clinical manifestations of sleep disorders the following methods of dealing with insomnia can be used:

• reading a book at night;
• listening to classical music or relaxing;
• hypnosis;
• massage the temporal area of ​​the head or neck area;
• quiet conversation with a loved one.

Each of the above methods is effective when uncomplicated shapes insomnia and other sleep disorders, sleep and awakening process. They are safe for the body and does not entail side effects.

possible complications

Chronic sleep deficiency can lead to the development of these complications and concomitant diseases of internal organs, caused by lack of proper rest at night:

• the progression of the oxidation process inside brain cells, leading to more rapid death of them;
• deterioration in the long-term and short-term memory;
• reduction in the thinking process and the functionality of all centers of the brain;
• increasing the risk of diseases of the cardiovascular system, such as ischemic cerebral stroke, and myocardial infarction;
• violation of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism, which eventually leads to a set of excess body weight, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus;
• osteopenia (bone formation process);
• drop in blood pressure, chronic hypotension;
• poor concentration, drowsiness during the day, which can lead to an accident, a car accident, work injury;
• premature aging.

Treatment of sleep disorders in adults should begin as soon as possible.

Timely diagnosis and organization of the therapeutic process will prevent the occurrence of the above complications. Insomnia, hypersomnia, and parasomnia - is not complex diseases of psychosomatic nature which is successfully treatable drugs and traditional medicines.

Useful video of sleep disorders in adults and Solutions

Fragment of the program "Live healthy" about insomnia:

Causes and treatment of insomnia: