The high temperature in the child without symptoms. How to quickly knock down, antipyretics, what to do at home

Fever without symptoms in children and adults - is the deviation of body temperature above the normal mark is not accompanied by other signs of illness.

Increasing the temperature of the child due to overheating

Causes:

• long exposure to sunlight, particularly uncovered (can lead to thermal shock and sun);
• Exposure to hot, humid and stuffy room (including the bath);
• of clothing fabrics with poor moisture and vozduhoprovedeniem;
insta story viewer
• wrapping Baby diapers and use in a warm room (above 23 ° C);
  
• intensive work of muscles when doing physical exercise and physical labor;
• prolonged stay in areas with hot and humid climate, not peculiar to their permanent places of residence (for example, during a vacation in the tropical regions);
• age under 3 years of age (due to imperfect thermoregulatory mechanisms);
• concomitant diseases, which are accompanied by a violation of thermoregulation (hyperthyroidism, the hypothalamus and pituitary diseases, other endocrine disorders, obesity, decompensated diabetes, heart failure, vascular dystonia, intraventricular hemorrhage in infants, the disease kidney).

Symptoms:

• Body temperature of 37-39 ° C;
• skin redness, warming the hands and feet;
• increased sweating;
• rapid pulse and respiration;
• headache (headache babies often start to turn his head);
• decrease in micturition (for infants less than 1 time per hour);
• weakness and lethargy;
• sudamen, diaper rash on babies skin at a constant perekutyvanii.

Counter:

• move the child to a cooler place or shade;
• release from clothes to the laundry, baby unfasten the diaper;
• lay on his back, lifting your feet on 30-45 °; in case of vomiting - on his side;
• impose on the forehead, head, neck, upper body, the inner folds of the elbows and knees damp cool cloth; You can podstelit child under damp sheet; conduct wiping with a cloth moistened with plain water (no alcohol and vinegar);
• provide air ventilation; conduct obmahivanie moist skin;
• desoldering rehydron solution (by instruction) or independently prepared saltwater solution (1 teaspoon to 1 liter of water) of 1 teaspoon every 5 min .;
• provide potable water at room temperature in unlimited quantities; possible to use water, acidified with lemon juice, or mineral water without gas; propose such water should be alternated with brine;
• massage the cramped muscles;
• if the skin is pale and the child feels good, it can be placed in a bath with a water temperature of 35-37 ° C for 10-15 min .;
• use "cold enema" for children over 1.5 years.

Signs of decompensation of heat or sunstroke, requiring access to medical care:

• Body temperature of 40-41 ° C;
  
• pale "dry" skin;
• dry mouth;
• Strong headache;
• muscle pain;
• convulsions;
• frequent heavy breathing;
• nervous agitation, hallucinations; loss of coordination;
• nausea and vomiting; diarrhea;
• dilated pupils;
• fainting.

It should be remembered that, owing to thermal intoxication symptoms of heat or heat stroke can occur 4-6 hours after termination of the heat exposure. Antipyretic drugs should not be used.

The eruption of primary and permanent teeth

Symptoms:

• temperature to 38 ° C, which falls after the appearance of the tooth;
• scratching, or pain in the gums; small children can play up, chew items;
• swelling, redness of the gums, sometimes - hematoma;
• excessive salivation;

  

• due to lower immunity may appear cold symptoms;
• sometimes diarrhea.

Actions:

• applied to the gums and anelgeziruyuschie special cooling means, following the reaction of the organism to spot symptoms of allergy (e.g., Kalgel, Karmolis, Holisal, Pansoral);
• use into special preparations or fever according to instructions (Nurofen for Children, Dentokind, Dantinorm Baby and others);
  
• provide drinking liquids;
• ventilate the room, do not wrap up the child to maintain a comfortable temperature in the room;
• avoid hypothermia and exposure to infectious patients; enhance oral hygiene.

Infectious diseases

About 30% of the temperature increase attributed infectious diseases. A variety of agents that can cause a child's fever without symptoms, great.

Deviations from the normal mark on the thermometer are observed at seasonal SARS and the development of such serious diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, brucellosis, Lyme disease, fever, syphilis, toxoplasmosis, candidiasis and others. The temperature change occurs as during acute infection, and chronic infectious diseases (tonsillitis, sinusitis, meningitis, pneumonia, sepsis).

Heat the child without symptoms upon infection caused both by primary bacterial, viral and fungal pyrogens (foreign substances causing changes thermoregulation of the body) and synthesized under the action of cytokines (secondary pyrogens - derivatives own body) and induced by inflammatory cytokines reactions /

This muscle contractions, decrease in the lumen of peripheral blood vessels, acceleration of metabolism.

Symptoms:

• a significant increase in temperature (39-41 ° C) is observed upon infection of SARS, adeno- and rhinoviruses, typhus, urinary tract infections;
• subfebrile increase (up to 38 ° C) for disease, sinusitis, tonsillitis and other infectious disorders of the respiratory organs, specific childhood diseases (rubella, varicella), chronic inflammation of the urogenital system (pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis), toxoplasmosis, tuberculosis, HIV, cytomegalovirus infection, viral hepatitis, osteomyelitis, helminthiasis.

Actions:

1. Asymptomatic or long-term (more than 3 weeks), the temperature increase in the child necessarily requires the identification of the causative agent to assign the appropriate treatment. This can be done only with the help of a specialist after clinical examination and passing tests.
2. Exceptions are cases of SARS, which are characterized by a sharp jump in temperature at the beginning of the disease without colds symptoms, and after temperature reduction - joining these symptoms (cough, runny nose, and others). Children under 3 years old require mandatory consultation of the doctor.

In the future, provided that the acute viral infection in a child the same type occur, the pediatrician recommendations differ insignificantly and if you have experience caring for such a child can independently use immunostimulatory agents.

Cold (SARS)

Symptoms:

• sharp rise in body temperature to 41 ° C;
• headache;
• malaise, moods;
• "Ache" in the muscles and joints;
• accession cold symptoms - nasal congestion, sore throat, watery eyes, photophobia and conjunctivitis.

Actions:

• on the advice of a doctor giving a child immunomodulatory antiviral drugs under the scheme (Anaferon children, Ergoferon, Viferon; homeopathic Aflubin, Oscillococcinum); treatment with these agents should begin within the first 24 hours sickness; most appropriate to give antivirals to children under 3 years of age;
  
• antipyretics use only at body temperature above 38,5 ° C;
• use non-drug methods for reducing body temperature (relief clothing, room ventilation, wiping with a damp cloth compresses, bath water temperature of 37 ° C for 10 min.);
• provide a bed or home mode;
• reduce the room temperature to 20-23 ° C, raise the humidity to 50 ° C;
• provide abundant drink, mineral water or can be acidified drinks (water with lemon juice, fruit drinks, fruit drinks).

sore throat

These include:

• angina;
• gerpangina;
• pharyngitis;
• mononucleosis;
• ARI;
• tonsillitis;
• scarlet fever;
• tracheitis;
  
• candidiasis;
• the initial stages of stomach flu.

Symptoms:

• temperature with bacterial infection of up to 38.5 ° C (except mononucleosis), at a virus - above 39 ° C;
• pain, sore throat;
• "dry cough;
• laryngitis;
• laryngeal edema occasionally (angina);
• the lack of "congestion", and nasal discharge.

The measures are similar to a cold (SARS), with the exception of the first paragraph (receiving antiviral agents) as well as include symptomatic treatment (reception mucolytics, local antibacterial agents (Imudon, Grammidin) rinse). When you save a sore throat than 4 days should see a specialist.

acute stomatitis

Symptoms:

• temperature to 40 ° C;
• ulcers of the mouth;
  
• for candidiasis - burning mucosa;
• in stomatitis Vincent - putrid odor and grayish coating on ulcers;
• herpes - the bubbles with the liquid;
• redness;
• increase salivation;
• general weakness;
• conjunctivitis;
• joint pain;
• sometimes skin ulcers.

Stomatitis causes can be infection, allergy, trauma and mucosal burns.

Antipyretic desirable to apply only after medical examination, since the temperature parameter is important to diagnose the cause and treatment purposes.

To alleviate the condition to obtain recommendations may be carried out rinsing boric acid or soda (aqueous solution of 2%), Rotokanom (solution as per instructions), broths sage and chamomile. For the treatment of herpes sores and Zovirax Acyclovir is used.

acute otitis media

Symptoms:

• Body temperature is usually up to 38,5 ° C (but sometimes above);
• itching, followed by "shooting" a sharp pain in the ear, jaw, head; the pain is worse at night;
• hearing impairment;
• pain when swallowing; in infants - the rejection of the chest, vomiting, regurgitation;
• sometimes diarrhea and related symptoms of colds;
• boils in the ear canal;
  
• mucous, pus or spotting from the ear;
• the propagation of inflammation in the inner ear - dizziness, incoordination, vomiting

Infectious otitis media - a dangerous disease, with the risk of infection of the meninges, brain abscess and sepsis and requires consulting a doctor.

Roseola (psevdokrasnuha)

The high temperature in the child without symptoms may occur before the age of 2 years, with a particular herpes infectious disease - roseola.

Symptoms:

• a sharp rise in temperature to 40,5 ° C;
• stability at high temperature for 3 days;
• ineffectiveness of antipyretics;
• the temperature drop on the 4th day and the appearance during the day pink rash, raised above the skin; rash starts to spread from the torso to the legs and head.

Treatment:

• reception antipyretic;
• nonmedicamental measures to reduce the temperature;
• drinking plenty of fluids;
  
• maintaining an optimal indoor climate;
• with reduced immunity - receiving antiviral drugs prescribed by a doctor.

Urinary tract infections

These include: pyelonephritis, urethritis, cystitis, and others.

symptoms:

• body temperature higher than 38 ° C (children under 3 years old, it can be the only sign);
• younger children - moodiness, vomiting, diarrhea, refusal of food;
• pain or burning sensation when urinating;
• frequent urination;
  
• pain in the lower back or abdomen.

Since the basis of UTI treatment is antibiotics, the disease is suspected it is necessary to consult a doctor.

May be carried out in parallel to the decrease in temperature 38,4 ° C medication or topically.

Intestinal infection

Disorders of intestinal pathogens may be viruses (rotavirus, enterovirus), bacteria (dysentery, salmonellosis, cholera, typhoid, botulism and others) and unicellular (amoeba, giardia), falling into the gastrointestinal tract at the failure to comply with the rules of hygiene, insufficient heat treatment of food with raw water at kissing.

Symptoms:

• diarrhea - the main and sometimes the only symptom;
• body temperature to 38 ° C;
• nausea, vomiting;
  
• stomach ache;
• headache;
• weakness;
• refusal of food.

Actions:

• drinking liquids including saline solutions;
• diet without dairy products (lactose free infant formula for artificial feeding, breastfeeding Did not have to), bakery products, millet, barley, barley, corn cereals, fresh vegetables, beans, mushrooms, semi-finished products; permitted liquid rice, semolina and oat cereals, lean beef and poultry meat, breadcrumbs from wheat bread, steamed and boiled vegetables;
• reducing the temperature to 37,5 ° C to reduce dehydration;
• children under 1 year and older children with the appearance of blood in the stool, a new sharp rise in temperature and the absence of urinating more than 6 hours - doctor on call.

What to do if your child has a fever

Actions:

1. To exclude overheating, physical and emotional stress.
2. Define benign reasons for the increase: teething, overexertion and stress.
3. Together with your doctor to find out other causes.
   
4. Reduce the temperature to the level of 38,5 ° C with a fever-reducing or non-medicated (methods described in "Temperature increase due to overheating" section).

The values ​​of the normal body temperature

Normal values ​​of the upper limit temperature vary by age (for measuring axilla):

Age	Index, ° C
0.5 years	36,8
0.5-3 years	37,7
6-60 years	37.0 (37.5 in the evening)

In children, the upper acceptable temperature value in the armpit that does not require reduction is considered to be 38.4 ° C. If a child present chronic diseases of the cardiovascular, nervous and respiratory systems, this limit is decreased.

Field of the measurement of body temperature	The upper limit of the normal values, ° C
Axillary and popliteal depression	The information in the table above
Oral cavity	Higher by 0.3-0.6
Rectum	Higher by 0.6-1.2
auditory meatus

How to accurately determine the child's temperature

1. Using a mercury thermometer:

• bring down the mercury below 35 ° C;
• dry armpit;
• Place the thermometer in the armpit for 10 min., press. If the child is able to sustain 5 minutes. with hand pressed to the body, the thermometer can be placed after this time by 5 minutes.

Allowable error producers mercury thermometer is 0,1 ° C.

2. Using the electronic thermometer:

• place the thermometer in the armpit for 1 min .;
• make sure that the hand tightly pressed to the body during the measurement;
• wait for the audio signal.

Acceptable measurement error - 0,1-0,2 ° C.

3. With the use of infrared (non-contact) of the thermometer:

• It can be measured at any point of the body, including in the ear canal and around the temporal artery;
• turn the unit on and press the "Start";
• wipe the perspiration from the measurement region;
• bring to the body of 4-6 cm;
• wait for the audio signal.

Infrared thermometer considered the most accurate instrument for measuring the body temperature of children older than 3 months but has high accuracy with otitis.

Diagnose otitis media is to compare measurement readings in both ears. Manufacturers indicate the allowable measurement error in 0,3 ° C. This is due to the rapid (within 1-3 seconds) by fixing the temperature indicator and the temperature change tendency of the body for several minutes.

4. Without the device. If no bulb help determine the temperature rise above 37 ° C may such methods and symptoms:

• general lethargy, moodiness, loss of appetite;
• red cheeks;
• cold hands and feet;
• watery eyes;
• urine is bright yellow;
• convulsions;
• hot, as compared with conventional, forehead, neck, stomach, armpits, elbow, inguinal fossa;
• rapid breathing (measured must be in sleep or at rest):

Age	Normal breathing frequency of breaths per minute.
1-2 months	35-60
6 months	35-40
1 year	30-35
2-3 years	25-30
6 years	25
10 years	20-22
15 years	18-20

The increase in heart rate of 15-20 beats from the norm (best measured for 10 seconds. and multiply the resulting figure 6):

Age	Normal values ​​of pulse, u. / Min.
Up to 1 month	140
1-12 months	125-130
1-3 years	115-125
3-7 years	90-110
7-10 years	75-80

When should I see a doctor?

Need to apply in cases where:

• age less than 6 months;
• fails to bring the temperature up to 38,5 ° C;
  
• sharp temperature jumps of more than 1 ° C;
• repeated temperature rise after the normalization;
• high (febrile) temperature (above 38,5 ° C) is held for more than 4 days, low-grade (37-38,5 ° C) - more than 3 weeks.

In some cases, it is necessary to call the emergency medical care?

cases:

• your child has pale skin, cold hands and feet, and malaise, lethargy, drowsiness;
• urination stopped, or occurs at intervals longer 6 hours; dark urine;
• there is persistent vomiting;
• convulsions;
• confusion;
• fast or sparse, deep or shallow breathing;
• acetone breath odor;
• rashes on the body.

antipyretics

The safest active substance paracetamol to children considered (Efferalgan, Panadol, Kalpol, candles Tsefekon D), for children from 4 months It is allowed to use drugs on the basis of ibuprofen (Nurofen for Children, Ibufen, Motrin for children), but its negative effect on the kidneys more expressed. Among the homeopathic remedies can be noted Viburkol candles.

Procedure:

• accurately observe the dosage depending on the child's body weight (15 mg per 1 kg of paracetamol and 10 mg of ibuprofen);
• interval between doses of the drug should be at least 4 hours; Paracetamol can be given 4 times a day, ibuprofen - 3 times;
• should not be given antipyretics more than 3 days in a row;
• combined paracetamol and ibuprofen in a time interval less than 6-8 hours is contraindicated;
• watch for signs of allergy (hives, itching, swelling of the throat) and overdose (nausea, pale skin);
• required to maintain water balance;
• start antipyretic action should be expected no earlier than 20 minutes. for syrups, suspensions, tablets, 40 min. - for candles.

Don'ts

Prohibited:

1. Churn temperature below 38,4-38,5 ° C.
2. Give antipyretics more than 1 time in 4 hours; alternate paracetamol with ibuprofen in the gap 6 hours.
3. Offer the child as an antipyretic drugs based on aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nimesulide, ketoprofen, and others). Analgin may be used singly without other means.
4. To wrap up the child if he does not complain about the cold.
5. Allow your child be physically active.
6. Apply alcohol and vinegar rubdown and compresses.
   
7. Use for forcing water into and below room temperature, bath - below 37 ° C.
8. Conduct physical cooling (wiping, compresses, wet bedding, cold enema, obmahivanie chapping and a fan) when spasmodermia (pale skin, cold hands and feet, chills).

Recommendation Dr. Komarovsky

A list of recommendations:

1. Asymptomatic fever in pediatrics - a very common phenomenon. Often, a child's temperature returned to normal before the doctor has time to figure out the cause of its increase.
2. Dr. Komarovsky negative attitude toward popularized in Russia immunomodulatory drugs, and does not recommend their use in conventional SARS, even with high temperatures.
3. Be sure to observe the individual child's well-being to set temperature value, at which he becomes lethargic and apathetic. If the temperature to 40 ° C and remains active child has no concomitant disease of the nervous system, it is not necessary to reduce the temperature, the more medication.
4. Root aides in fever - drinking liquids, humidity, comfortable (feels baby) clothes and reduced to 16-18 ° C air temperature in the room. It is impossible to force to force the baby to take food, especially protein.
5. The high temperature in the child without symptoms is observed in most cases of seasonal diseases and intestinal infections. Therefore, parents should be given great importance to the prevention of these two most common causes of fever.
6. The high temperature in the child without symptoms necessarily require paying attention to the color of urine and behavior urinating as urinary tract infections in childhood - one of the most frequent reasons for the increase temperature.
7. A reason to see a doctor - no improvement on the 4th day of illness, maintaining the high temperature on the 7th day and the lack of effect of paracetamol when used.
8. If there is a fever, cold hands and feet, or paleness of the skin should immediately do clinical blood and urine tests.
9. No need to bring down the temperature after the child propotel.
10. Do not give raspberries, tea and honey to children under 1 year to enhance sweating. Older children can be offered drinks with these products, provided that the water regime is not violated (the child receives a sufficient amount of a conventional or salted water, stewed fruit and raisin, broths hips, viburnum, currants). The temperature of the beverage should be equal to the body temperature to an accuracy of 5 ° C.

Asymptomatic fever in children as in adults, the frequency of occurrence is caused by such factors:

• seasonal colds;
• intestinal infections;
• infections of the genitourinary system.

All other factors are less than 40% of cases. At the same time really no other signs of the disease is observed only at the initial stages of acute respiratory disease.

Therefore, careful attention to the well-being of the child and complaints at a high temperature without symptoms will help parents identify the associated symptoms, pointing to one of the three most common causes of, and long-term preservation temperature without other complaints will offer an occasion to refer to the doctor.

Author of the article: lyubov_a

Decor: Lozinski Oleg

Video of a high temperature without symptoms

Temperature and nothing more - Komorowski: