How does a chicken pox in adults. The first symptoms, photos of rash, extent, temperature number of days

Chicken pox - an infectious disease caused by the herpes virus Varicella zoster. Despite the fact that chicken pox is usually considered a childhood disease, the beginning and the serious consequences it can even an adult.

Causes and ways of infection with chicken pox

A feature of the virus is that it is rapidly dying in the external environment, particularly at high ambient temperatures. In this regard, the peaks get chickenpox infection in the fall and spring. Chickenpox - fly infection, which affects all persons who do not have the necessary antibodies.

Chickenpox is transmitted mainly by droplets at a distance of 20 m with:

• sneezing;
• coughing;
• verbal contact;
• location in the same room with the carrier.

It is also possible to transmit the virus during pregnancy from mother to child.

Form and stage of the disease in adults

Chickenpox is held in several stages:

1. the incubation period;
2. prodromal period;
3. during the eruption;
4. drying stage;
5. the final period.

Chickenpox is manifested in various forms.

Depending on the character of the windmill is:

• typical;
• atypical:
  • worn out;
  • bullous;
  • generalized;
  • gangrenous.

Depending on the severity of the occurrence:

• easy;
• mid-weight;
• heavy.

Depending on the presence of complications:

• without complications;
• complications.

How long is the incubation period, when chickenpox is contagious?

The incubation period is characterized by the absence of visible signs of the disease. The virus penetrates into the respiratory tract, is actively multiplies, and then enters the bloodstream.

The duration of the incubation period may be 1-3 weeks and will depend on several factors:

• age (the average age of persons present during the longest);
• the immune system (the weaker the immune system, the rapid development of the disease);
• duration of contact with the carrier (lengthy contact entails entering larger amounts of harmful bacteria in the human body).

The last days of the incubation period, characterized by the possibility of transmitting the virus. The patient ceases to be a peddler of infection within 5 days after the last eruption.

How does a chicken pox in adults, the first signs? (Where we start, it looks like)

How does a chicken pox in adults can be seen in the common cold.

To the first symptoms of SARS and chickenpox applies:

• malaise;
• lack of appetite;
• aches in the joints;
• temperature rise;
• migraine;
• lymphadenopathy;
• vomiting, diarrhea;
• sore throat.

A few days after the onset of cold symptoms appear rashes on the face and ears.

Next rash moves to the head, neck, arms, legs and back, and in severe forms and mucous membranes (mouth, genitals, eyes). Chickenpox does not strike hands and feet. Initially, the rash has a character red spots that turn into nodules, and then in the itchy blisters.

Symptoms depending on the form and stage

How does a chicken pox in adults and occurs in the peak period, it depends on the form and stage.

Table 1. Features of chickenpox in various forms.

form of chickenpox	symptoms
typical	infection is the usual way, eruptions are small, fluid-filled
atypical	worn out	rashes or no present in a minor amount; a slight increase in temperature; characteristic of those who are recently introduced immunoglobulin
bullous	rashes appear large (3 cm) in size with muddy contents; mostly found in patients with chronic diseases
generalized	characterized by lesions of the internal organs; common in patients with low immunity; in some cases, is fraught with fatal
gangrenous	characterized by a rash and inflammation around nonhealing ulcers
haemorrhagic	rash filled with blood
light	temperature does not exceed 38.5 0FROM; mucous rash is absent; during the eruption - up to 3 days
mid-weight	temperature 38.5 - 39 0FROM; mild rash; during the eruption - 4-5 days
severe	temperature exceeds 39 0FROM; profuse rash; convulsions

Table 2. Symptoms of chickenpox depending on the stage:

stage	symptoms
incubation	no visual symptoms
prodromal	symptoms similar to colds
eruptive stage	Body rash that turns into bubbles; frequency of the rash - 1-2 days; process is accompanied by itching, general malaise and fever
drying	New eruptions do not appear, the crust is formed on the old; decreasing the temperature; itching disappears
the final stage	condition improves; crust, formed in places of rashes disappear, leaving dark spots

How many days kept the temperature?

Upon infection, chickenpox is characterized by an increase in temperature due to the fact that the immune system tries to destroy the virus. During the period of rashes temperature can reach 38,5-39 ^aboutC, for drying step decreases to 37-38 ^aboutC, and then completely normalized. The temperature not exceeding 38,5 ^aboutSince it is not recommended to shoot down.

How many days lasts chickenpox in adults?

How does a chicken pox in adults, and is longer and heavier than in children. The active phase of the onset of rash may occur 7-10 days. The recovery period begins 5 days after cessation of eruptions. Thus, chickenpox occurs in an average of 2 weeks.

Is it possible to re-infection?

In the normal course of the disease in the blood produces antibodies and re-infection is no longer possible. However according to medical statistics, about 3% of patients undergoing chickenpox, sick second time. Due to the fact that the varicella zoster virus after the disease stays in the body forever, secondary infection is possible with a sharp decrease in immunity.

It is also possible relapse when the first time was held in the light of chickenpox indolent form. In this case, in contact with a virus carrier body does not produce the required amount of antibody. In adults, a secondary infection can manifest itself in the form of shingles.

It differs from the windmill is the presence of local foci rash. In this case, in addition to itching the patient feels pain in the places where the rash that can last anywhere from 3 weeks to several months. Shingles usually takes place even without medical intervention.

complications

Both adults and children, chickenpox, which begins and proceeds in the form of severe, can cause complications.

The most common ones include:

• purulent skin lesions (if improperly care rashes during the active phase of the disease);
• inflammation of the lungs (especially dangerous during pregnancy and the presence of HIV);
• conjunctivitis (eye inflammation);
• encephalitis (brain damage);
• stomatitis (inflammation of the oral mucosa);
• inflammation of the kidneys and liver.

Diagnostics

To establish that the disease chickenpox doctor in most cases it is enough history. In this case, the expert finds out whether there were contacts with infected people, whether the patient is ill with chickenpox before, and determines the nature of the rash.

Full blood count will only indicate inflammatory processes in the body, therefore, for a more accurate diagnosis is made laboratory fluid analysis, drawn from rashes bubbles. In the case of atypical varicella or inability to put a correct diagnosis of the doctor do a blood test for antibodies. When exceeding the concentration of antibodies is placed corresponding diagnosis.

Treatment of chickenpox in adults at home

Treatment of chicken pox at home involves bed rest, observance of special rules of hygiene, the adoption of specific medications and diet. In this important cleanliness and regular airing of the room in which the patient and his clothes.

The shoot down the temperature of the chickenpox? (Drugs, traditional methods of temperature)

If the temperature exceeds an acceptable when chickenpox, then taken paratsetamolosoderzhaschie drugs with analgesic effect (koldreks, ibuprofen, Nurofen, ibuklin, paracetamol, panadol). It is strictly forbidden to eat products containing acetylsalicylic acid, since they may cause disruption of the kidney, liver and stomach.

use is also common antipyretic folk methods such as:

• excessive drinking (diaphoretic teas with raspberry, lemon, currant);
• cool bath with food salt or potassium permanganate;
• wiping weak acetic solution.

Antivirals and antibiotics

Chickenpox are also taking anti-viral drugs, and in severe disease - antibiotics. The most commonly used drugs include acyclovir, famciclovir, and varatsiklovir amiksin. Antiviral drugs and antibiotkiki should be consumed since the beginning of eruption no more than 7-10 days.

immunotherapy

To maintain and restore the immune system varicella applied immunotherapy. Basically Immunopreparat used when the chickenpox occurs in severe and with complications, as well as in cases when the patient is exposed to HIV. The patient was administered intravenously administered immunoglobulin and preparations containing interferon (viferon, tsikloferon).

Means for processing the outer

The rash of chickenpox is characterized by severe itching. At the same time combing bubbles can cause penetration into the skin infection.

To reduce the negative effects of the skin lesions are regularly handled by the following means:

• hydrogen peroxide (3% solution);
• ointments, reducing itching (Psilo balm, gel Fenistil, Desitin, Calamine);
• ointments containing antibiotic (Mupirocin);
• Zelenka or Tsindol (mainly to keep track of new lesions).

Diet

Nutrition for infection involves:

• drinking plenty of fluids;
• small portions;
• 5-6 meals a day;
• at defeat mucous consumption milled to a paste food.

The patient is allowed to eat chicken pox products such as:

• vegetables, herbs and sour fruit (enhance immunity, improve digestion, saturate the body with the necessary vitamins and trace elements);
• lean fish, chicken and turkey (are sources of protein and omega-3);
• soups, soup of cereals and cereal (promote the formation of a film on the affected areas of the oral mucosa and reduce sore throat);
• fresh juices, diluted 1: 1 with water;
• low-fat milk and milk products;
• honey;
• bread.

It is to abandon the acidic, spicy and coarse food, as it can damage the lining and disrupt the healing of lesions.

Poultry, fish and vegetables should be boiled, stew or steamed. Should be excluded from the diet too sweet, smoked, flour dishes, alcohol, strong coffee, and tea. Because liquid water is necessary to give preference to no gas, juice, diluted juice and boil chamomile, rose, which rid the body of toxins.

Folk remedies of treatment (2-3 recipe)

Traditional healers offer to reduce irritation and skin disinfection chickenpox use decoction of chamomile and sage. To do this, herbs and flowers poured boiled water for several hours, then filtered. The resulting infusion is added with daily bathing.

In order to prevent the entry of infection and contribute to drying the rash use cool baths with a small amount of edible salt. Such a procedure because of its safety can be carried out every 3-4 hours. In addition, the cool water provides antipyretic effect.

Among the popular folk remedies as a decoction of chamomile and yarrow. It will ensure the removal of itching for a long time. It is important to apply the composition per water treatment, because after a while it loses its medicinal properties.

Treatment during pregnancy

Upon infection of chickenpox during pregnancy probability of infant infection depends on the timing:

• in 1st trimester - 0.4%;
• in the 2nd trimester to 20 weeks - 0.01%;
• after 20 weeks - 1%.

In the case of infection just before birth, doctors are trying to delay the appearance of the baby at least for a few days so that the child has developed immunity. A baby may be pathology of the nervous system, mucous membranes and skin.

Chickenpox in pregnancy can cause miscarriage or premature birth. Due to the fact that the body is weakened by the expectant mother, chickenpox extends heavier.

During pregnancy, doctors prescribe immunoglobulin and antiviral drugs. To facilitate the condition of the patient and reducing itching taking antihistamines, and to reduce the temperature - paratsetamolosoderzhaschie means (not more than 2 tablets per day). In the case of individual intolerance antipyretic, you must use traditional methods.

Vaccination against chickenpox adult

Those patients who have not previously had chickenpox, are prone to chronic diseases, as well as those who are preparing for the transplantation of organs, it is recommended to be vaccinated. It should also take into account contraindications to vaccination.

there are temporary causes and factors that make it impossible to vaccinate at a relative contraindication. For example, patients suffering from infectious or somatic (non-mental state) diseases vaccinated chickenpox impossible. In the case of recovery of vaccination is quite acceptable.

If the patient has an individual intolerance to the components of the preparation, to be vaccinated is strictly prohibited.

Contraindicated vaccination of pregnant women, as the injection components will bring harm to the fetus and influence its development. During the planning conception of the child expectant mothers who have not previously suffered chicken pox, being vaccinated, provided the use of contraceptives for 2-3 months before and after vaccination.

The most common in medical practice, and vaccines Varilriks Okavaks. Varilriks available for patients older than 13 years and is administered 2 times in 6-10 weeks. Okavaks used in emergencies and for people whose work involves a lot of people.

Do scars remain on the skin?

After a chickenpox rash on the ground may remain scars.

The reasons for their appearance include:

• combing inflamed lesions and damage;
• skin infection infection;
• poor self;
• weak immunity;
• severe atypical chickenpox;
• skin irritation associated with contact with the clothing.

Due to the fact that the metabolism and adult regeneration processes are slowed down, in adulthood chickenpox often leaves scars.

To delete them, use different methods:

• peeling (promotes skin regeneration and smoothing);
• collagen injection (lift scarring);
• laser correction (removes rough skin);
• surgery (with scars of considerable size);
• the use of natural products (honey, cocoa butter, aloe, lemon juice, sandalwood oil and tea tree extract, vitamins C and E);
• ointments and gels (calamine, poksklin, lifeguard).

With sufficient care pockmarks disappear within a year. Thus, the chicken pox - not a childhood disease, so the knowledge of how it begins and proceeds in adults, may in some cases even save lives.

Video of chickenpox in adults

How to treat chickenpox in adults: