Rotavirus infection in infants. The symptoms and treatment with and without temperature. Folk remedies, medicated drugs, food. Clinical doctors' recommendations

Since rotavirus is facing 80% of children under the age of four years. Most often rotavirus treated at home. The main task of the parents - in time to pay attention to the symptoms of the disease and prevent dehydration.

What is rotavirus infection?

A large number of rotavirus in the environment leads to the formation of rotavirus infection.

Rotavirus (rotavirus gastroenteritis, rotaviroz) is a viral disease which accompanies intoxication, nausea, and exsicosis bowel disorder.

Children suffer the disease harder than adults. Reinfection is possible not earlier than six months after recovery.

Rotavirus infection in infants, symptoms and treatments which are considered in each case individually, is treated pediatrician, gastroenterologist, infectious disease specialist.

The disease can be divided into periods:

• incubation period, which lasts from 1 to 5 days;
• acute period of from 3 to 7 days;
• Recovery: 4-5 days.

Rotaviroza Outbreaks often occur in the period of mass flu. Therefore, the disease was given a second name "intestinal flu".

From rotaviroza die each year about 450 thousand. children under three years of age, because children in this age group is not immune to rotavirus.

Research results proved that clean rooms and good hygiene are not a guarantee against infection rotavirus gastroenteritis. The same frequency of the disease was observed in both developed and less in civilized countries.

transmission path

Contact with an infected person leads to the ingress of rotavirus in a healthy organism the following ways:

• After waterWhere bacteria appear in the faeces and vomit. Contaminated water from the tap - a frequent carrier of disease. The virus lives in it for about three weeks.
• Through food. The fish, meat, dairy products, fruits and vegetables are often settles rotavirus. Usually spread the infection flies or other insects that before reaching the food in contact with infected feces.
• By airborne droplets. Infection is ingested by a healthy person coughs or sneezes source, passes through the stomach, settling in the intestine. After that the virus is multiplying.
• Contact-household way. The bacteria settle on the furniture, to which touched dirty hands, as well as children's toys. The causative agent is not afraid of detergents, including bleach. Therefore, a thorough disinfection of the premises is recommended.

The virus multiplies rapidly in small rooms. Sick enough to one member of the family, as the disease will catch the others.

Bacteria are well adapted to a cold environment. Even when frozen food for several months, they do not die. But quickly lose their viability by boiling.

However, even carefully monitor the cleanliness of the body, food and facilities, it is difficult to avoid the disease. Rotavirozom infected by a person is a danger to others on the first day of illness. Medical mask - good protection from the ingress of bacteria into the body.

Causes of

A child can get rotavirus gastroenteritis from an infected person who has the disease occurs with no obvious symptoms.

Experts emphasize several factors contributing to the development of infection:

• a weakened immune system due to frequent colds, prolonged receiving medications, antibiotics;
• severe disease of the stomach and intestines;
• purchase poor quality products and the use of unboiled water from the tap;
• insufficient heat treatment of fish and meat products;
• infrequent cleaning of premises;
• rare treatment of children's toys;
• use common household items with the patient: dishes, towels;
• dirty hands, unwashed vegetables or fruits.

Infect another human rotavirus is possible not only for the disease, but also for 10 days after recovery.

mechanisms of disease development

The highest percentage of the virus is a virus carrier in the faeces within the first 5 days of illness. Baby often become infected by parents who are carriers of the disease. Older children bring the virus from children's public spaces, such as schools or playgrounds.

The virus is absorbed into the epithelial layer of the small intestine. Filling in the cell, the infection destroys, and then rejects her villi. The gastrointestinal tract is not inflamed, but the infection violates the digestive system baby. Intestine undigested focuses a sugar that is the cause of repeated diarrhea.

Symptoms of rotavirus infection in children

Infected by rotavirus infection for the first time, the children she carries heavier.

It is necessary to know the basic symptoms rotaviroza:

1. Raising the temperature to 39º.
2. Pain in the head.
3. Headedness.
4. General malaise.
5. Flatulence.
6. Frequent diarrhea, which reach 20 times a day.
7. Vomiting.
8. Soreness in the stomach.
9. pale skin.

Rotavirus infection in infants (symptoms and treatment of the virus due to its activity) causes a temperature spike, which practically does not go astray. Up to 38º to reduce it is not recommended, since at high temperatures the infection dies faster.

A specific feature of rotavirus in children - the color of bowel movements. On the first day it is liquid, it is yellow. The next day, it becomes a yellow-gray and resembles clay consistency. Toxic substances go through the blood and kidneys, however the urine has a dark color or blood impurities.

Maybe a sore throat when swallowing, swelling of the nose appear dry cough, white coating on the tongue. Sometimes lymph nodes are increased, developing conjunctivitis, otitis media, pharyngitis. Children wake up lethargic and moody. Child sick, vomit may be with mucus.

If the disease is accompanied by exsicosis appear symptoms:

• dry mouth;
• causeless crying baby;
• , settling eyes;
• sudden weight loss;
• skin dehydration and decrease its elasticity;
• no urge to urinate up to 8 hours.

Full recovery of the child occurs in about 5-12 days, in severe disease - later.

Complications of Rotavirus

If the time to recognize the rotavirus infection and seek medical attention, the disease does not entail complications.

If you do not give your child the right amount of fluid for diarrhea and nausea, death occurs in 3% of cases.

It is not recommended to ignore the professional requirements as a serious complication is enteric viral infection that impairs the health baby.

Every mother should keep in mind that if you have diarrhea that lasts more than a day, children under 2 years of age under any circumstances, call for an ambulance.

Be sure to monitor the temperature of the child. When it rises to 39º increases the load on the heart, which can lead to seizures., Baby wipe with a solution of water and salt to eliminate them.

Also, the following types of complications:

№ p / p	Name complications	Short description
1.	Weakened immune system	After a previous infection decreased immunity of the child. Chances frequent colds or recolonization in the body rotavirus.
2.	dysbacteriosis	Due to delays in the treatment of children in the gut formed pathogenic microflora. But a weakened immune system is not able to supplant it, so the disease leads to dysbiosis.
3.	Intestinal exsicosis (dehydration)	Rotavirus gastroenteritis is developing quickly, the baby often vomits, does not stop diarrhea, fever is not reduced. Therefore, from the child's body fluid is rapidly eliminated, which leads to dehydration. The risk group includes children up to one year. To avoid exsicosis recommended as often as possible to give the baby to drink or go to the hospital where the child put on a drip.
4.	Atsetonomichesky syndrome child	Ketone bodies, which have accumulated in the body of the child, a negative impact on the brain.

Diagnosis of rotavirus infection in children

The final diagnosis of the presence or absence of rotavirus gastroenteritis in a child's body is placed on the basis of laboratory tests, as well as the patient's main complaints.

Viral particles, antigens, specific antibodies, viral RNA in the stool, vomitus, blood indicate the presence of rotavirus gastroenteritis.

If the disease is confirmed, then there is the absence of all other intestinal infections in laboratory study of feces. Additionally surrenders fecal coprogram, urinalysis, complete blood analysis.

Rotavirus infection in children whose symptoms and treatment play an important role in medicine, diagnosed by the following features:

• seasonality of the disease: the highest number of outbreaks in the autumn and winter;
• the patient's age;
• fever, vomiting, intestinal disorders;
• no blood in the stool and green impurities mucus.

When diagnosing the disease takes into account the localization of the pain, whether there is an intestinal infection in a patient family members, the alleged cause of the infection.

After the diagnosis is necessary to proceed immediately to the infection being treated. After receiving test results, treatment is supplemented on a personal consultation with your doctor.

What diseases can be confused rotavirus?

Rotavirus infection has similar symptoms with other diseases.

It must be distinguished from these ailments:

• SARS;
• hepatitis;
• dysentery;
• cholera;
• yersiniosis;
• protozoal intestinal infestation;
• gastrointestinal form salmonoleza;
• food poisoning.

In case of contact infection in the organs of the gastrointestinal tract becomes liquid stools with mucus and blood. A rotavirus observed watery stool having a pungent odor and a yellow tint. This is the main difference from rotavirus gastritis and poisoning.

Treatment of rotavirus

If you suspect a rotavirus infection should immediately call a doctor or ambulance. Self-administration of drugs threatens to severe complications for the baby.

Therapy rotavirus gastroenteritis is aimed at getting rid of intoxication and replenishing fluids in the body. In treatment it is important to take medicines to doctor's, diet. It is necessary to reduce the baby's body temperature to treat bowel disorder, to give sorbent medications.

Resorted to the use of folk remedies as an additional method of treatment of the virus. It has beneficial effects on the body gastric lavage and desoldering child with special solutions. However, treatment is contraindicated intake of potassium permanganate in diluted form, as it erodes the stomach wall, which leads to disastrous consequences. It is best to use a rehydration solution.

Rotavirus infection most often occurs in children of preschool age. Its symptoms do not occur immediately, and increase as the disease progresses. Timely and effective treatment - the key to rapid clearance of infection from the body.

drug therapy

Method of treatment the doctor paints based on the clinical situation of the patient. Medications prescribed to get rid of rotavirus, depend on the degree of severity of the disease.

Usually the list consists of the following medications:

1. Diarrhea. It should be noted that some are contraindicated for use of children under 6 years old.
2. Antiemetic. They are sold in the form of tablets and suspensions. Children under 5 years of age are not written out tablets because of the high dosage.
3. To fill fluid in the body. Medications are available in powder. It is diluted with warm water and take small sips with short intervals.
4. For the prevention of intoxication take sorbents that are sold in the form of gels, tablets, powders, solutions. These medications relieve the body from toxic substances and viruses. But they are not co-administered with other drugs as sorbents block the healing properties of other tablets. The main advantage is that they do not stay in the body and are easily derived. There are no contraindications for the age group of children.
5. Drugs aimed at the destruction of the virus deliverance.
6. Live bacteria probiotics and prebiotics.

Traditional recipes

For the treatment of rotavirus practice treatment of folk remedies. Methods such therapy aimed at preventing dehydration, diarrhea and vomiting reflex.

Treat the infection can be the following folk ways:

• Natural jelly with fresh berries, which eliminates the dehydration. The child is better to give him a little, so as not to overload the stomach and cause vomiting.
• Dill water, one teaspoon of fennel seeds pour a cup of boiling water and let it brew. It can even offer an infant 1 tbsp every 2 h. Children after two years, give half a glass.
• Tea from raspberry leaves, one tablespoon of leaves per 200 g of purified water. You can make a juice-based drink raspberry jam and a child up to three times a day.
• To prevent dehydration take saline: in 1 liter of boiling water was added a teaspoon of salt and 5 tsp Sahara.
• Weld 20 g Hypericum a beaker of boiling water, left to couple for an hour. Broth strain through a cheesecloth and adding 200 ml of hot water. A third of a glass of drink before a meal in the morning, afternoon and evening. Keep better in the refrigerator, but no more than two days from the date of manufacture. Note that children under three years of broth is contraindicated.
• Natural sorbents: activated charcoal, white clay.
• Chicken broth. Good for a sick stomach and its contents.
• To get rid of a fever the child's body wipe solution of vodka at a ratio of 1: 1. After this procedure, the baby wear socks, but not recommended to cover the child.
• Not to shoot down the temperature below 38º, because the virus dies quickly under high temperature conditions. But parents need to monitor this process to prevent its increase to a critical point.

Traditional recipes against rotavirus are used along with medicines. They may not be the only method of treatment, because the lead to undesirable consequences.

What medicines can not be used in the treatment of rotavirus infection in children?

When rotaviroze not give a child medication against diarrhea and antibiotics. Rotavirus infection in infants, symptoms and treatments which have specific characteristics, excreted in the faeces. The main goal of treatment - does not get rid of the symptoms of diarrhea, and to minimize the number of bowel movements.

Antibiotics are not able to fight the virus, and only become a cause of intestinal dysbiosis and normal operation of the stomach.

Diet in the treatment of rotavirus infection

To get rid of rotaviroza, it is important to follow a strict diet. It will reduce stomach cramps

A diet is necessary not only in the period of the disease, but after 2-3 weeks after recovery, since symptoms may recur.

Children are offered a warm drink at intervals of 20-30 minutes. The volume of liquid is small, about 70 ml. If there is no appetite in the child by force should not be fed. But it is necessary to drink. If the baby refuses to drink is convenient to pour the liquid into the mouth from the syringe.

Children on artificial feeding should be excluded mixture containing the milk sugar, because the infection breaks down lactose. Feed the baby preferably lactose-free or soy diet. When breastfeeding is still recommended to leave a couple of milk feeds, the other feeding - replace special mixtures.

Permitted and Prohibited Products

Children after two years follow the same diet as adults.

In the acute phase of the disease should be restricted to the amount of salt in the finished dishes and abandon these foods:

• milk;
• carbohydrate foods;
• bakery products;
• sweets, including chocolate;
• salty, spicy, fatty foods;
• vegetables, fruits and dried fruits due to the high fiber content;
• radish, cabbage;
• smoked;
• sauces;
• canned food;
• onion garlic;
• cucumbers;
• semolina, millet, pearl barley;
• pasta.

The food, which it is desirable to feed the child:

• gruels water;
• nenavaristye broths;
• bananas;
• mashed potatoes;
• boiled carrots;
• boiled or steam meat chicken, fish;
• crackers, galetnoe biscuits, bagels;
• baked apples;
• compotes, jellies, fruit drinks, broth hips, unsweetened tea;
• you can eat boiled eggs, but no more than one per day.

Food should be warm. It is recommended to give up too cold or hot dishes. It is better if the food is cooked for a couple. Eating every 2-3 hours is desirable in small portions, but not in any way do not abuse food.

To avoid the appearance of the first symptoms of rotavirus gastroenteritis is important to observe hygiene. Child offer only fresh food which has passed the heat treatment. If early treatment rotaviroza can avoid negative consequences for the child's body.

Author: Catherine Pisarenko

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

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