1 When do I need a diet?

The purpose of the diet is required if the following symptoms are present:

• severe pain in the upper half of the abdomen, sometimes surrounding, sometimes provoking angina;
• nausea, vomiting;
• pallor of skin and mucous membranes, profuse sweating( cold sweat);
• increased body temperature;
• white coating on the tongue;
• rapid pulse, increase or sharp decrease in blood pressure;
• in severe form, possibly a hemorrhage in the navel, on the face;
• jaundice of the skin, eye sclera( eye whites);
• with the death of pancreatic tissues, enzymes that digest fats and proteins cease to be produced and they are eliminated from the body, which is manifested by a pale-colored liquid chair, with fetid odor, weight loss, dehydration.

If signs are found, consult a gastroenterologist for an examination and an accurate diagnosis. For the diagnosis of pancreatitis, the following diagnostic procedures should be performed:

• anamnesis;
• examination of the patient;
• blood test for enzymes;
• complete blood count;
• analysis of feces and urine;
• ultrasound, MRI, CT of abdominal organs;
• endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a procedure for diagnosing pancreatic diseases, and with it stones from the bile ducts are removed.

2 Features of treatment

It is recommended to call doctors and hospitalize a patient with an attack of pancreatitis. If a person suffers from a chronic form of the disease, then he knows the symptoms of an exacerbation and can orient more quickly.

• before the arrival of the emergency care patient must be at rest;
• is contraindicated in eating;
• apply on the stomach a cold compress;
• with severe pain can take an anesthetic, but it is advisable to avoid taking medications without consulting a doctor.

After hospitalization, a course of treatment lasting 1-6 weeks is performed, after which the patient's condition improves( in the absence of complications) and an extract is performed.

With pancreatitis, there is a reduction in pressure and loss of fluid, intravenous infusions are prescribed to replace it.

For normal digestion of fats, proteins, carbohydrates, enzyme medications can be prescribed.

Mandatory diet with exacerbation of pancreatitis, which helps to normalize the pancreas.

Sometimes, pancreatitis accumulates fluid and air in the stomach. They are removed by inserting the tube through the nasal sinuses.

Because of the pathological processes in the pancreas, there are disturbances in the production of the hormone insulin, which leads to an increase in the level of glucose. In such cases, the patient is prescribed insulin.

When the infection develops, antibiotics are needed.

Be sure to conduct therapy for a disease that caused the development of inflammation of the pancreas, for example, when stones in the bile ducts require their removal.

With severe pancreatitis, surgical treatment is necessary. Perform an operation to remove the dead tissue of the pancreas or the entire gallbladder.

As part of a comprehensive therapy in the absence of symptoms recommended sanatorium treatment.

3 Healthy food

The most important component of the treatment of pancreatitis is a diet. What nutrition is necessary for pancreatitis depends on many factors:

• stage( exacerbation or remission);
• degree of disease development and duration;
• presence of concomitant diseases.

The diet for exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis is usually observed during the week and includes:

1. The first 2-3 days to exclude the use of food, only water is allowed.
2. Liquid, warm food( mucous soups) is allowed from the 3rd day.
3. On the 4th day, they introduce into the diet mashed potatoes, jelly. The number of calories consumed per day should not exceed 400, while the amount of proteins - 30 grams, carbohydrates - 80 g.
4. From the 7th day, the use of biscuits, vegetable soups, lean meat, sugar, tea, fruit is allowed. The minimum level of mechanical and chemical processing of food( hovering, cooking), its grinding. The number of calories consumed per day should not exceed 2000, while the amount of proteins - 70 grams, carbohydrates - 500 g.
5. For 30-40 days, the use of fish, oil, fatty meats, smoked foods is contraindicated.

If you strictly follow the correct diet with exacerbation of pancreatitis, then gradually comes the improvement and the transition to a less strict diet. However, its mandatory compliance is necessary. Even in the absence of symptoms, a diet with chronic pancreatitis is necessary, otherwise it can significantly weaken the pancreas and provoke an attack and serious complications. ( Figure 1) Table of allowed and prohibited products.

The diet for exacerbation of pancreatic pancreatitis is appointed individually and developed by the attending physician. For convenience, a special table of authorized and prohibited foods is prepared. The table will help the patient not to get confused in numerous recommendations and prohibitions. The essence of the diet is to exclude products that cause increased acid secretion in the stomach - fats, coarse fiber, and the inclusion in the diet of foods that enhance the work of enzymes of the gland - proteins, carbohydrates. The food should be fractional( 4-6 times a day), in small portions, a daily calorie count is required.

Authorized products:

• vegetable, cereal soups;
• low-fat meat and fish;
• white bread, slightly dried;
• sour-milk, nonfat products;
• cooked vegetables;
• pasta;
• baked fruit;
• not strong tea;
• jammed, homemade compotes.

Prohibited products:

• fatty, spicy food;
• smoked, pickled products;
• fatty meat and fish;
• fresh vegetables, fruits;
• cakes, cookies;
• carbonated drinks.

4 Daily ration

An approximate daily ration may look like this:

• Morning: steamed omelette, crushed oatmeal on water, weak tea.
• Lunch: lean cheese.
• Lunch: lean soup made from buckwheat, ground through a sieve, boiled meat, jelly from apples.
• Evening: mashed carrots, chopped steamed fish, instead of tea, rose hips.
• Night: kefir.

Compliance with the diet will help restore the pancreas.

During the period of exacerbation, it is necessary to follow all the recommendations of the doctor and in no case to engage in self-medication.

As in the period of exacerbation, and in the absence of clinical manifestations, categorically contraindicated alcohol. If you are predisposed to allergic reactions, you should exclude allergen products( eggs, milk, honey, chocolate, strawberries, tomatoes).