Ringworm. Symptoms and treatment of what it is, photos, signs, pathogens, disease diagnosis, ointment for skin

Skin lesions are often diagnosed by pathogenic fungi. The disease does not choose the type of gender, age features. An extensive group of fungi has its own niche in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10).

Ringworm caused by processes of vital activity of various fungi-dermatophytes. The task of the physician dermatologist to examine the symptoms and the diagnosis is correct. By identifying the infectious agent is selected adequate treatment.

What is ringworm?

Ringworm - a dermatological pathology of infectious nature, combining disease provoked by pathogenic microorganisms.

Fungi are widespread but tinea advantageously transmitted from the infected person or animal.

In some cases, it occurs in people with excessive sweating. High humidity in the groin, armpit, creates optimal conditions for the full development, the spread of lesions.

The causative agents of tinea

Cause disease - dermatophyte:

• Microsporum;
• Epidermophyton;
• Trichophyton;
• sometimes - Candida.

For the full life of mushrooms is necessary to create a comfortable environment. Wet alkaline environment, and temperature from 20 to 30 ° C - the human body fit necessary characteristics, particularly in summer.

According to the classification, there are several species of dermatophytes:

• antropofilnymi;
• zoofilnye;
• geofilnye.

On the surface of the body, the skin under the hair, nail plates, fragments of fall mushrooms. If the conditions for the further development of favorable moist environment, the temperature corresponds to the immune system is weakened, the fungus freely infect areas of the skin surface. As a result of hostile action, they violate the integrity of the epidermis, eat away the keratin.

Methods for tinea infection

Ringworm, symptoms and treatment of which depends on the cause, requires a careful history, additional diagnostic techniques. Only by eliminating negative factor counting on a full recovery.

Become infected skin disorders can be:

• from an infected person;
• from an infected pet;
  
• through personal items (slippers, towel, comb), or in baths, saunas public.

Symptoms of the disease can manifest itself not all family members. For infection, additional factors stimulating the development processes of fungal flora.

These include:

• depressed for various reasons, the immune system;
• dysfunction of the endocrine system;
• injury to the skin surface;
• unbalanced diet;
• metabolic disorders;
• excessive sweating.

types of tinea

The disease is classified based on the type and location of affected tissue location rash lesions.

By tissue damage:

• athlete - spreads over the surface of the epidermis foci red scaly.
• trihofitia - affects the scalp beneath the hair and the horny layer of the epidermis. On the surface of the foci may be several.
• onychomycosis - a parasite on the nail plates, deep into the substrate. When forming the nail such interference leads to compaction and deformation of the nails. Usually pathology manifests symptoms on the nails legs.

Superficial fungal infections do not have the exact location, making it difficult to diagnose.

Dermatologists use classification Shchelkalov theory that divides the ringworm of pathogens:

• Keratomikozy - lead to a breach of the stratum corneum and the mouth of follicles. Caused by the fungus Malassezia orbiculare, Trychosporon spp: seborrheic dermatitis; colored lichen; chromophytosis; mikrosporiya node.
  
• tinea - provoke molds - ascomycetes. Of the 43 existing dermatophytes, 30 - causative agents of tinea: imbricated mycosis; mikrosporiya; favus; athlete; trihofitia.
• Candidiasis - cause yeast opportunistic fungi Candida. Favorite places of localization of foci - the groin, breasts, armpits.
• deep dermatomycosis - the result of vital activity of fungi: histoplasmosis; aspergillosis.
• Psevdomikozy - pustular lesions rashes on the hands and feet, arising due to the presence in the body of streptococcal and staphylococcal infection: erythrasma; trihomikoz axillary; actinomycosis.

symptomatology

Ringworm, symptoms and treatments which are not unambiguous, appears as a result of the aggressive action of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora. Also signs vary depending on the focus area locations.

Symptoms of ringworm - Table:

ringworm disease	ICD-10	View fungus	symptoms
body skin smooth	B-35.2, 35.4, 36.0	fungi of the genus: Epidermophyton, Microsporum and Trichophyton	red spots on the surface of a swelling; itching; peeling; rapid expansion; foci appear: on the neck, back, chest, arms,
Scalp	B-35.0	brittle hair; pain; inflammation in the follicles; local alopecia; focal selection exudate; formation of crusts and flakes; tissue swelling
nail	B-35.1	dim nail plate; gray or yellow nails; curved plate; accumulation of epithelial cells under the nail; plate destruction
groin	B-35.6	peeling; a rash of brown color with a clear border; thick rash in skin folds; itching; erythematous lesions in mycosis borders; cracks in the affected fragments bubbles
Stop	B-35.3	peeling; dry cracked; rash; plaque formation; moist bites and diaper rash; burning, itching, pain; vesiculation

In addition to specific symptoms characteristic of the result of vital activity of fungi, there are common signs of fungal lesions.

Common symptoms of ringworm:

• hyperemic areas on the surface;
• itching, burning;
• bubble formation in foci with rashes;
• peeling the horny layer, the formation of flakes;
• occurrence of diaper rash;
• pathological changes in the limbs nail plates.

To get rid of ringworm are bothered by symptoms at home, will not work without the help of a dermatologist, since the identification of the pathogen is a determining factor in the development of treatment regimens.

Diagnostics

Ringworm is similar to other serious skin diseases. Symptoms located on the surface, not the basis for the purpose of treatment. After careful examination, anamnesis, hearing the complaints of the patient, a dermatologist appoint additional studies to exclude psoriasis, eczema.

It is important to pinpoint the causative agent to be able to appoint adequate therapy pathology.

Before visiting the doctor lesions can not handle anything, as it can smooth the clinical picture and diagnostic results.

For laboratory tests selected material:

• peel the scales from the affected area - make scraping;
• hair;
• nails.

Fragments of the material examined under a microscope, as do crop to determine subsequently the sensitivity of microorganisms to drugs.

Also, use the following diagnostic techniques:

• dermoscopy;
  
• determination of antibodies in blood to fungi.

KOH test and fluorescence microscopy allows to quickly determine the cause of disorders of the skin. Also popular modern rapid DNA diagnostic methods and PCR diagnostics that pinpoint the pathogen.

Treatment Medicinal way

Exodus treatment of dermal fungal disease depends on the pathogen properly installed, and the patient's motivation and diligence.

Dermatologists adhere to the general scheme:

1. Therapeutic direction.
2. Medication.

Ringworm, symptoms and treatment which can not be called simple, requires a comprehensive approach to address the problem. The doctor picks scheme treatment individually for each case. Taken into account the complexity of the disease, age-related characteristics of the organism, the general condition of the patient, concomitant disease.

In the treatment action antifungal agents enhance immune stimulators. Thus there is stimulation of repair processes of cells and tissues. The body more actively resists mycotic lesions.

When superficial fungal diseases prescribe ointments, creams, gels. If the doctor sees fit, highly appointed oral drugs.

In cases where the disease progresses and the patient's condition is aggravated, it can be assigned to treatment with antibiotics or corticosteroids.

systemic drug

For quick results, or if necessary to stop rapidly propagating symptoms, prescribe systemic medications.

They are as follows:

• itraconazole - preparation of high toxicity. Synthetic antifungal agent wide spectrum of action. It destroys mold and yeast fungi. The course of treatment lasting therapeutic effect can be maintained from 2 weeks to 6 months after treatment. The drug has the ability to penetrate into the sweat and sebaceous glands. Before application necessary to consult a dermatologist and a thorough study of the instructions. The course of treatment is completed in a week after the disappearance of signs of pathology.
• fluconazole - the active ingredient, inhibits the activity of enzymes, fungi, suppresses their growth and multiplication. His ability to stop the fungus vital functions: Histoplasma capsulatum, Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida spp, Trichophyton spp, Microsporum spp, Coccidioides immitis, Blastomyces dermatidis... Take the pill is necessary, observing the dosage during the meal. Before treatment should be familiar with contraindications and side effects.

antifungal ointment

local action means eliminate symptoms, moisturize the skin, forge metabolism and blood circulation:

• pimafukort - contains a part of an antibiotic, eliminates symptoms in accelerating the healing process. Effective for skin ringworm. Action ointment on hairy skin is less pronounced. It is unacceptable for application on the injured epidermis fragments and infections of viral etiology. The drug is approved for use in the medical purposes for children from 1 year old and has no contraindications. The caution should be applied to people who are prone to allergic reactions.
  
• Advantant - glucocorticosteroid used to remove lesions on the face, genitals. It is not absorbed into the blood, but thanks to hormones, speeds up the healing process, smoothes symptoms. It gives good results when incorporated into a comprehensive treatment.

Folk remedies

Nontraditional methods of treatment are often included in the comprehensive scheme of conservative medicine. homemade are effective provided that the diagnosis is well established, and the therapy is monitored by the attending physician. It is necessary to consider the effects of medicinal herbs to the accompanying diseases, the ability to inhibit or enhance the effect on the body of medicines.

Traditional recipes from fungal skin lesions:

• Natural coffe: Prepare a strong drink. Pour in the foot bath. Dipped in liquid limbs. The procedure is recommended to be performed prior to bedtime. Also brewed coffee to wash my hair in the defeat of the epidermis beneath the hair. After these manipulations the skin surface updated accelerated regeneration. Slurry after brewing coffee eliminates itching well: for cotton pad applied cake is applied to the locus, incubated for 20 minutes.
• Egg-oil ointment: Raw egg (1 pc.) Were combined with butter (200 g.), Vinegar (100 mL). All the ingredients are placed in a container without mixing put in a cool place (5). After dissolution of all the components of the shell may be mixed to homogeneity. The ointment is applied to the areas affected by a fungus. Store the medicine in the refrigerator.
• Garlic: Teeth crushed to a state of pulp. Is applied to the nail with signs of fungal infection. Cover with foil. Primatyvayut bandage. Compress is convenient to do at night. Daily attachment garlic promotes regeneration of nail plate and the rapid growth of new healthy nail.
  
• Tea tree oil: Daily lubrication nail efirolem speeds up the process of getting rid of fungal skin diseases. When excessive dryness of the skin is recommended to apply on fabrics disturbed olive oil or sea buckthorn. This improves the quality of the skin, itching persists. For prolonged effect, oil is applied to a cotton pad and applied to the centers in 20 min.
• Medicinal herbs: The use of inside infusions of wormwood, yarrow, burdock, plantain, gets rid of ringworm on smooth skin fragments. Collection of grass is mixed in equal proportions selected one item. l., pour the boiled water (200 mL). Night stand. These herbs are brewed and used for baths of hands, feet, rinse the head.
• Wine vinegar: To 1 liter of wine vinegar diluted with water (1 tbsp. l.). Solution rinse the head with the defeat of the fungus of the scalp.
• Calendula: Prepare infusion of the drug collection. The bath is immersed limb and hold 15 - 20 minutes. before bedtime.
• Tar, fish oil: Connect the two components is applied to areas with signs of disease overnight in a compress at a ratio of 1: 3.

Alternative therapies predominantly aimed at smoothing symptoms.

Get rid of mildew traditional methods, without setting a precise diagnosis and pathogen impossible. Ringworm, symptoms and treatment is not well understood, is shown the formation of an aesthetically unpleasant blemishes and discomfort, but at the same favorable prognosis.

common disease, but keeping it simple rules can be prevented:

• Observe good personal hygiene. Do not use someone else's shoes, towel, comb.
  
• Pay attention to strengthening the barrier function of the body.
• Revise gastronomic cravings. To prefer healthy food.
• Monitor the state of pet health. Visit the veterinarian for routine inspection.
• Observe the rules of hygiene in public places.

Any changes or growths on the skin's surface - a reason to visit a dermatologist in order to avoid dangerous diseases. Ringworm is pronounced symptoms, which may well fit the description of the other diseases, but treatment is visually similar pathologies has nothing to do with each other.

Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg

Video of tinea

How to quickly get rid of the fungus in the body: