Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH): what it is in gynecology, the rate for women age for conception that Muller shows test, blood test, table, transcript, is responsible for what, the level of pregnancy

Anti-Müllerian hormone is a biologically active substance, which is produced in the body of women and men. In medicine often use the abbreviated name of the protein molecule - AMG. Hormone named after the scientist Johann Muller, who worked on the study of the reproductive system. Deviations of AMH in the blood indicate many diseases, so this analysis is often prescribed as part of the diagnosis.

The hormone responsible for what

This substance is present in humans of either gender. In the female body for formulating antilyuminnogo element meet the primary follicles, and the men - the testicles (or testes). The peculiarity lies in the fact that AMH hormone - is the only one of all the biologically active substances, the development of which is not controlled by the brain.

This organic compound has a very important influence on the organism in utero. Thus, the embryo in the early stages it is impossible to determine the gender. This is due to the fact that during this period the fetus present Mullerian (responsible for the feminine) and Wolffian (masculine) channels. For the formation of the male sex organs must be the destruction of Müllerian - is responsible for this antimyullerovsky hormone.

After giving birth, the substance already has other functions.

It is extremely important indicator AMG is in gynecology.

men

Some believe that the substance is only important in a woman's body, but that reasoning is wrong. The boys in the younger age of the hormone influences the development of the reproductive system. By its action, the following changes in the body:

• the correct formation of the testicles;
• timely lowering of the testicles into the scrotum.

If at this time will not be enough in a child's body AMG, it can develop inguinal hernias, a false hermaphroditism or reproductive function problems later in life.

After puberty (to 13-15 years) the content of this hormone in boys reduced. However, a severe shortage of the hormone reduces the chances of fatherhood, because AMG is involved in the formation of healthy sperm.

Among women

If the body is present AMG norm in women it affects the stimulation of the development of follicles, which are directly involved in the conception. When there is a deviation in the amount of this hormone, then the woman may have trouble becoming pregnant.

In this case, doctors emphasize that the active substance does not meet the egg for fertilization process itself. In other words, it can be viewed as an index of women's health.

Indications for depositing analysis

Most often, doctors recommend to donate blood at AMH during pregnancy planning. There are also a number of pathologies in which such analysis is used as part of the diagnosis:

• delayed puberty (it may be an early or late);
• a suspicion of cancer of the ovaries;
• the absence of menstruation for unclear reasons;
• signs of obesity in women of reproductive age;
• onset of early menopause;
• detected polycystic ovaries;
• Infertility - check hormone is recommended to determine the cause;
• unsuccessful IVF attempts.

Men also pass a test for a hormone in the following indications:

• monorchism diagnosis or cryptorchidism;
• the need to test male fertility (this term means the ability to conceive).

Another possible reason for laboratory studies is oversight of antiandrogenic therapy.

Contraindications

Full contraindications to hormone analysis antimyullerova not, but there is time:

• colds or acute respiratory disease in a patient;
• inflammation of the pelvic organs;
• hormonal drugs (increased attention to this point must pay patients with abnormalities of the thyroid gland);
• drug use (are no exception and homeopathic preparations).

If you have one of these contra-laboratory study is better to postpone.

What the analysis shows

Analysis of the AMG appointed for detecting abnormalities in women and men. In women, the deviation in the amount of the hormone may be a signal of changes in the reproductive system even before symptoms appear distinctive.

Moreover, the content in the blood of this hormone can show the term menopause. This will begin planning pregnancy, if desired.

Preparation for analysis

In women, levels of AMH in the blood depends on the menstrual period, so the analysis is carried out in the first days of the cycle.

On day 3, the monthly blood sampling is recommended prior to insemination, as well as in the case of a woman the cycle is broken.

4 or 5 days, you can donate blood on hormones for all other indications.

In addition, there are a number of rules of preparation, from the observance of which the accuracy of the analysis depends on:

1. 2-3 days prior to blood sampling is necessary to reconsider the diet. Fatty, fried and spicy dishes at a time is better to exclude. It is also worth to give up alcohol.
2. Within 3-4 days before the procedure is necessary to exclude an increased physical activity. It is undesirable to go to sports training, to carry out jogging.
3. It is important to reduce the stressful situations to a minimum.
4. On the day of delivery of the analysis in the morning I do not eat.
5. Drinking water and permitted only in limited quantities.
6. If the patient smokes, cigarettes should be avoided, at least one hour before the procedure.
7. In the morning, it is not recommended to brush your teeth.

How to donate

To pass a blood test for AMG, the patient should come to the clinic on an empty stomach.

Before collecting blood need to relax a bit in the corridor and calm down.

It's standard procedure, during which the nurse takes blood from a vein. AMH test results will be ready in 1-2 days.

The norm for women and men

Girls 8-9 years, indicators should not exceed the level of 1,7-53 ng / mL. To compare AMG norm in women by age, it's best to use a table, upon which the doctors:

Age category Women	Indicator hormone content in women for conception, which is accepted as the norm (ng / ml)
20-24 years	From 1.88 to 7.29
25-29 years	Minimum - 1.83, maximum - 7.53
From 30 years to 34 years	From 0.95 to 6.7
35-39 years	Low threshold - 0.777 upper - 5.24
40 years - '44	Minimum Norm - 0,097, the maximum reaches 2.96
45-50 years	From 0.046 to 2.06

Women's hormone levels in the blood parameters are not suitable for the analysis of deciphering men. It uses a different table:

Age category	AMG content level (ng / ml)
Children up to age 8-9 years	Low threshold - 46.4, -78.1 upper
Puberty (from 9 to 15-16 years)	From 31.2 to 38.6
Leaving puberty (slump)	The minimum rate - 48, maximum - 9.6
reproductive age	From 4.8 to 5.6

deviations

If the result of the study revealed deviations from the norm, it indicates a pathological condition of the patient. However, the findings should not be done alone. Decipher the results AMH level should only doctor.

In some cases, people turn to private clinics on their own initiative. However, even in this case to hold the test data necessary to show an experienced doctor.

Decrease or increase the level of AMH is not always indicative of deviations. Possible false results, which were the result of incorrect preparation for blood donation.

why upgraded

If there is no cause for concern after analyzing the results at AMG reaches the upper limit of this provision. This means that the patient is observed large ovarian reserve. At these rates should not be expected of infertility or menopause in the coming years.

When the hormone content is increased to such an extent that goes beyond the norm for the specified, the woman should undergo further diagnosis. This is due to the fact that high levels of AMG can accompany several pathological conditions:

1. Stein-Leventhal syndrome (also referred to as the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome).
2. Ovarian tumor disease.
3. Violation of the function of receptors responsible for the production of luteinizing hormone in the body material.
4. Anovulatory infertility type.

why downgraded

antimyulirovannogo hormone level reduction occurs with age. Thus, low AMH indicates the imminent onset of menopause.

If the test Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) gives the lowest rates in patients of reproductive age, it indicates the presence of the following abnormalities:

• large excess body mass (obesity);
• injury suffered by the ovaries;
• ovarian failure, causing organs cease to properly perform their functions;
• disorders in the pituitary gland;
• abnormal development of the ovaries, which is most often caused by genetic abnormalities.

The consequences of deviations from the norm

When the content of the biologically active substances is shifted in either direction from the norm, this can mean a pathological processes in the ovaries. For a more detailed study of the disease and the diagnosis requires further examination.

As for the effects, they depend on how tests are different from the norm. The small difference may not be critical, but if the level is much higher or lower than normal antimyullerova hormone in women, there are problems with fertilization.

Whether it is possible to conceive a low AMH

Low AMG reduces the chance of pregnancy, but to obtain a clearer picture of the need to consider a few factors. Lack of hormones most often accompanied by a lack of follicles in the ovary. As a result of this disease in women ovulation.

Reveal the presence of ovulation helps ultrasound. If the test indicates that ovulation has occurred properly, and hormone content was close to normal, the woman in some cases can become pregnant on their own. Conception is possible and with the help of IVF.

Treatment

Anti-Müllerian hormone to bring back to normal in women age, it is necessary to decipher the test and build on the causes of violations. Treatment may appoint a doctor. In this case, the patient should consider a few tips:

1. At low levels of AMG to increase its index of drugs is impossible. All existing medications designed to maintain proper operation of the ovaries and help only to prevent pathology.
2. At an elevated level is not recommended hormonal drugs. The explanation is an increased risk of disorders of the heart, liver and kidneys.

With increased

If AMH hormone is higher than normal, she will need to:

• adjust diet, get rid of bad habits, negative impact on health;
• if there are overweight, you should get rid of it;
• normalize the physical burden on the body (its increase or decrease);
• to minimize stressful situations;
• bring back to normal mode of the day (if necessary, increase the sleep time);
• treatment of polycystic (if detection).

Under reduced

If a woman has revealed poor performance AMG age doctor selects a suitable method of therapy.

For reduction of puberty hormone can backfire, so it is important to identify the cause as soon as possible. In the reproductive age are often advised to take hormonal agents that may affect the ovaries work and time to stop it. Due to this it will be possible to save the woman's ovarian reserve.

Sometimes achieve AMG norm in women can be sustained release and improved emotional state.