Prednisolone. Instructions for use in tablets, capsules, ointment. Price, reviews, analogues

Prednisolone - a synthetic glucocorticoid drug. On the action of a pharmacological agent to be found in the instructions for use.

Clinico-pharmacological group

Prednisolone - a drug which has high biological activity from the subclass of steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex. The main natural glokokortikoidom cortisol is produced paired endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys.

release Form

Pharmaceutical industry produces drug prednisolone in several varieties:

• mild formulation. Means intended for application to the surface of the epidermis;
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• pills. The medicine should be used orally;
• isotonic solution for instillation in the eye;
• parenteral fluid. The drug should be used in the form of intramuscular or intravenous injections.

the drug

Each form of the pharmaceutical preparation has a specific composition of prednisolone.

1. Tableted form of the drug:

• synthetic steroid drug;
• dairy carbohydrate groups disaccharides;
• polysaccharide mixture of amylose and amylopectin with the monomer alpha-glucose;
• calcium salt and stearic acid.

2. Greasy substance:

• trihydroxypregna-diene-dione;
• trihydric alcohol;
• waxy mixture;
• Medical liquid;
• aliphatic carboxylic acid;
• para-hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl ester;
• propyl paraben.

3. Eye drops:

• glucocorticoid substance;
• Medical sterile water.

4. Injection:

• sodium complex substance of orthophosphoric acid with prednisolone;
• acid sodium salt is an alkali metal;
• propanediol;
• Medical liquid.

pharmacological properties

The pharmacological action of the drug Prednisolone is based on inhibition of the function of white blood cells of the blood and tissue macrophages. The drug restricts the movement of leukocytes in the total area of ​​the pathological process.

Means impairs the ability of cells absorbers neutralize foreign particles and form small peptide information molecules. Prednisolone organelles promotes stabilization, reducing the amount of enzymes from the class of hydrolases that cleave the peptide bond between amino acids in proteins in inflammation.

The drug improves transcapillary exchange due to the release of a mediator of allergic reactions immediate type, as well as reduces the activity of connective tissue cells and suppresses the production of fibrillar protein.

The drug inhibits the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone produced by the gland inner secretion, located in the brain, it does not lower the level of endogenous opioid agonist receptor.

Means inhibits the production of tropic hormones of the anterior pituitary, as well as follitropin. Prednisolone has a pronounced dose-dependent effect on the metabolism of sugars, proteins and fatty substances in the body.

Pharmacokinetics

Prednisolone (instruction for use describes the action of the primary drug substance) - glucocorticoid medication series.

Once in the body, means passes certain chemical and biological processes, which include:

• rapidly eliminated from the cavity of the stomach;
• bound to plasma proteins by 90%;
• transformation occurs in the liver;
• half-life of the extracellular portion of the blood flow occurs in the range of from 2 to 4 hours;
• It stands partly yellow-green biological fluid;
• 20% of the basic substance is excreted by means of the kidneys;
• means extends gistogematicalkie barrier.

pharmacodynamics

The mechanism of action of the drug on the body caused by the main active substance and has the following features:

• It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect;
• reducing capillary permeability;
• blocking histamine receptors;
• suppresses the activity of the immune system;
• It has anti-toxic action on the organism.

Indications

Prednisolone in various forms should be used for the following negative processes in the body:

Title	Indications
Pills	connective tissue disease affecting the vascular system; pathological process in the nerve fibers of the brain and spinal cord; sclerosis; autoimmune disease of the skin and muscles; inflammation of multiple joints; degenerative-dystrophic disease of bone joints; long-occurring lung tissue pathology; decrease in hormone production by the adrenal cortex; Increased sensitivity to exogenous allergens; inflammation of the liver; disorders of the immune system; inflammatory bowel disease; disruption of the structure or connective tissue cells liquid; epidermal lesions fungous-free etiology; malignant rise in blood calcium.
Soft formulation	urticaria; diathesis; allergic contact dermatitis; sclerosing zoster; noninfectious dermatosis; abnormal hair loss; inflammation of the epicondyle of the humerus; tumor growth of a rough fibrous connective tissue of the epidermis; pain along the sciatic nerve.
Isotonic solution for the eyes	inflammation of the cornea; sympathetic process of the spherical part of the body; inflammation of the conjunctiva; lesion edges of the eyelids.
parenteral fluid	autoimmune destruction of the body and systems; enhanced destruction of erythrocytes; skin rash; gipoadrenalovy crisis; acute physical injury; strain with limited mobility in bone joints; immediate type allergic reactions.

Instructions for use

Prednisolone (instruction manual provides guidance on the use of a steroid hormone) - significant anti-inflammatory drug that should be used only for its intended purpose medical specialist.

For all formulations of the corticosteroid has particular application:

medicinal species	dosing regimen
The solid dosage form	1. amount of drug is determined individually; 2. pathological processes in the acute phase - 0,02 g / d; 3. severe conditions require assignment starting dose of 15 mg to 100 mg; 4. 0,005-0,015 enough for the maintenance treatment of facilities; 5. drug should be taken only in the morning, if there are no other recommendations of the attending medical specialist; 6. treatment should stop very slowly - gradually reducing the amount of medication.
Soft formulation	1. ointment appoints only the dermatologist; 2. duration of treatment depends on the severity of a pathologic process; 3. drug should be applied in small amounts to the damaged epidermis to 3 times a day; 4. the average duration of treatment up to 14 days; 5. to enhance the effect of glucocorticoid therapy should be an ointment used under occlusive dressings.
Isotonic solution for the eyes	1. dose depends on the indication-ophthalmologist; 2. the average number of: the inner corner of the eye - 1-2 drops; a cavity between the rear surface of the front surface of the eyelids and the eyeball - 2-5 drops; after the body of the injury should be administered 1 drop of medicine; 3. duration of therapy due to the course of the disease.
parenteral fluid	1. steroid appoint a doctor, a narrow specialist; 2. amount of agent depends on the severity of the disease; 3. average daily dose may be in the range from 4 to 60 mg of drug per day, and in the morning; 4. can not be mixed in the same syringe various pharmacological agents; 5. reduction in the production of hormones by the adrenal cortex: single daily amount of medication 0,004-0,06 g .; IV / IM in the morning; 6. ulcerative disease of the colon: severe course 200-360 mg per day; pulse duration of therapy less than a week; 7. long flowing disease of the digestive system: acute process stopped by the appointment of 0.3-0.4 injectable formulation; week duration of therapy; in the future - a smooth transition to keep the amount of drugs; 8. intravenous necessary to carry out very slowly; 9. duration of therapy and dose means appoint a doctor overseeing the course of the disease.

Pregnancy and lactation

During gestation pregnancy pharmacological corticosteroid drug prednisolone should be used only when absolutely vital if the risk of the potential benefits outweigh the risk to the mother for fetus.

Glucocorticoid agent enters the blood stream, and as a consequence - in the breast milk, so it is not recommended to apply the drug during breast-feeding.

When it is necessary to appoint the treatment agent Prednisolone should abandon lactation and breastfeeding.

children

Pharmacological steroid agent should be administered to children only for compelling reasons and under the close supervision of a pediatrician.

1. Pills:

• the starting amount of the drug is 0,001 g per 1 kg of the child's body weight per day;
• should be distributed into several stages;
• supporting the therapeutic dose of from 300 to 600 from mcg / kg per day;
• Do not abruptly discontinue therapy with steroids;
• should gradually reduce the amount of consumed medications until canceled.

2. Injectables:

• injections do deep in the buttock;
• from 6 to 12 years - 0,025 g per 1 kg of body weight per day;
• older than 12 years of age single amount of drug is from 25 to 50 mg;
• the duration of treatment is determined by a pediatrician on the basis of the child's condition.

3. Ointment:

• used for children older than 12 months;
• it is impossible to heat the surface of the epidermis, which is processed medicine;
• duration of therapy should be limited to the first positive symptoms of glucocorticoid treatment means;
• It must be combined with anti-fungal drugs.

Contraindications

Prednisolone - highly active anti-inflammatory agent. Instructions on the use of medicines describes a number of negative processes in the human body, which are banned for use hormonal preparation:

• local defect of gastric mucosa;
• progressive systemic metabolic diseases of the skeleton;
• the tendency to form blood clots;
• syndrome disorders of renal functions;
• malignant hypertension;
• visceral fungal infections;
• acellular infectious diseases;
• invasive disease;
• open form of tuberculosis;
• elevated intraocular pressure;
• thrombosis inflammation vein wall;
• spinal paralysis;
• manifestation of mental disorder;
• herpes virus type 3;
• viral pathology of the vision;
• venereal diseases;
• tumors of the epidermis;
• metabolic disturbance organic compound omega-6 fatty acid in the body;
• clouding of the lens;

  

• severe neuromuscular diseases;
• decompensated impaired glucose assimilation in the body;
• period of administration of the antigenic material.

Side effects

Each variety of hormonal agents Prednisolone has a number of side effects, which include:

type of product	negative developments
The solid dosage form	increased intraocular pressure; damage to the optic nerve; fungal lesions of the esophagus; increase of leukocytes in the urine; irregular heartbeat; polyneuropathy; Sensitivity disorder; unpleasant mental state; hypotension; urticaria; decrease in muscle volume.
Isotonic solution for the eyes	burning; glaucoma; clouding of the lens in the posterior regions.
Soft formulation	acne rash; pathology of hemostasis; itching; persistent expansion of capillaries of the epidermis.
parenteral fluid	infection at sharply reduced immunity; increase in white blood cells; thrombocytosis; violation of periodic changes in a woman's body; absence of menstrual periods; excessive growth of terminal hair; obesity; local swelling; lack of sleep; dementia; intracranial hypertension; cessation of cardiac activity; inflammation of blood vessels; swelling of the deeper layers of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue; loose stools; GI erosion; inflammation of the pancreas; skin atrophy; muscle weakness; weakness.

Overdose

Oversupply prednisolone drug in the body is due to exceeding the allowable amount of the drug or improper use of the means and accompanied by the following symptoms and conditions:

• gag reflex;
• heart rhythm disturbances with decreasing frequency of contractions;
• high blood pressure;
• painful involuntary muscle contractions;
• a sharp increase in dextrose content in the liquid connective tissue;
• Acute occlusion of a blood vessel by a thrombus;
• acute mental disorder;
• unsteadiness of gait;
• migraine;
• an increase in body weight;
• excessive accumulation of fluid in tissues and organs;
• increasing the pressure inside the skull.

Special medicament, terminating or laxative action of the steroid hormone in the organism, does not exist.

Treatment of overdose:

• removal of the drug;
• palliative therapy for elimination of individual symptoms of the pathological process;
• correcting violations of water-base balance.

special instructions

Prednisolone (instructions for use explain the rules for the use of the drug) - steroidal agent that assigns only a medical specialist.

In order not to harm the body should be aware of the special instructions:

• with extreme caution the drug should be used for patients with a history of psychiatric disorders are;
• in endocrine pathologies use funds is possible only when absolutely indicated;
• long-term use of glucocorticoid medications should be under the control of the fundus;
• during hormone replacement therapy should be used calcium supplements;
• you need to follow a strict diet with restriction of carbohydrates and fats.

Compatible with alcohol

Beverages containing ethanol can be used in small amounts during steroid therapy. But you should know that each person is different, and how the body will react to the combination of hormonal agents with alcohol is unknown.

According to statistics, the simultaneous use of ethyl alcohol and glucocorticoid drugs leads to the following results:

• malfunction medication;
• disruption of metabolic processes;
• intoxication.

If the kidney function

Glucocorticoid drugs excreted by the kidney unchanged, which is an additional burden on the operation of the urinary system. Caution should prescribe medication in violation of the paired bean-shaped organ - in this case, the metabolism slows down, which affects the digestion and excretion rate Prednisolone.

If abnormal liver function

Pharmacological means Prednisolone taken with caution in patients with dysfunction of the hepatobiliary system, as well as with liver cirrhosis.

The action of the drug, when these types of pathological process in the body increases, which negatively affects the state's largest digestive gland.

drug interactions

Using steroid hormonal therapy drugs need to know the quantity and quality changing effects provoked by drugs in the joint application of 2 or more drugs.

Simultaneous use of prednisolone with different types of funds may provoke the following reactions.

1. Drugs with anti-arrhythmic action:

• disturbed heart rhythm.

2. Antagonists of histamine:

• weaken the effect of hormonal preparation.

3. Diuretics:

• decrease in potassium concentration;
• growth and increase in muscle mass of the left ventricle;
• circulatory failure.

4. anilides:

• local swelling;
• exchange skeletal disease.

5. anabolic steroids:

• acne;
• metabolic disorders.

6. M-holinoblokatory:

• ocular hypertension.

7. Drugs that prevent blood clots:

• reduce the effectiveness of prednisolone;
• provoke the formation of erosion in the gastrointestinal tract.

8. Psychotropic medications:

• deteriorating state of mind.

9. Thyroid-stimulating hormone:

• a dose adjustment of glucocorticoid drugs;
• changes in the endocrine glands.

10. immunosuppressives:

• infection;
• malignancy of lymphoid system;
• leukemia.

11. Drugs that reduce the tone of the skeletal muscles:

• blockade places of contact between two neurons;
• neuromuscular pathology.

12. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs:

• weaken the effect of prednisolone;
• provoke ulceration of the stomach cavity.

13. Sodium-containing medicines:

• swelling;
• hypertension.

14. The use of steroid hormonal agents increases the need for vitamin B9.

Where can I buy

Prednisolone (instructions for use is, for each type of hormone preparation) - steroidal agent that produces pharmaceutical industry in various dosage forms.

1. Parenteral fluid:

• It means you can buy at any drug store;
• a doctor's prescription for the purchase of drugs are not needed;
• the cost of the drug ranging from 125 rubles. to 140 rubles.

2. The solid dosage form:

• tablets sold in the pharmacy network;
• without a prescription from a medical specialist;
• the price of the drug varies from 180 rubles. to 205 rubles.

3. Isotonic solution for the eyes:

• to buy means you can in a nearby pharmacy;
• a written request from the physician to the pharmacist is not necessary;
• the cost of the drug in the range of 55 rubles. to 70 rubles.

4. Soft formulation:

• Ointment is sold in any drugstore;
• recipe for the purchase of the drug is not required;
• the price of a hormonal agent ranges from 125 rubles. to 140 rubles.

Storage conditions

Each species of the drug Prednisolone savings there are certain conditions:

• eye drops must be stored at a temperature not lower than 15 degrees away from the sun for 24 months;
• ointment should be stored 2 years from the time of manufacture at a temperature not higher than 24 degrees;
• means for injection should be stored no longer than 2 years from date of manufacture. Temperature range from 10 to 22 degrees Celsius;
• tablet form of the drug can save up to 36 months at temperatures up to 25 degrees in a dark place.

analogs

To date, the drug Prednisone has many analogues, which need to include:

Title	Structure	application	Efficiency	cost of
Betaspan	betamethasone, a steroid hormone; disodium salt; inorganic acid; Sterile liquid.	Only for injection; individual doses; therapy under the supervision of a medical professional.	modifies the immune response in the body.	from 480 rubles. to 505 rubles.
Solu-Kortef	biologically active hormonal substance; acid alkali metal salt; sodium orthophosphate.	bolus and drip; The drug is prescribed only by the attending physician; is adjuvant therapy.	modifying enzymes; It shows a rapid clinical effect.	from 375 rubles. to 390 rubles.
Deksazon	an artificially synthesized compound dexamethasone; methyl ester of para-hydroxybenzoic acid; propyl ester; trihydric alcohol; Sterile liquid.	you must enter into the soft tissue and into the lesion; short-term treatment; in the absence of clinical effect medication should be discontinued.	causes sodium retention; inhibits the migration and function of macrophages.	from 985 rubles. to 1005 rubles.
kenalog	salt acetonide and benetonide; cellulose ether and glycolic acid; hydrochloric acid, sodium salt; an aromatic alcohol; Medical water.	dose adjusted individually; therapeutic outcome occurs after 2 - 3 weeks of treatment.	at therapeutic doses has no systemic effects; It does not delay the liquid; glycogenesis increases.	from 1445 rubles. up to 1470 rubles.
Polkortolon	synthetic glucocorticosteroid triamcinolone; disaccharides carbohydrate group; powdery substance; stearic acid magnesium.	therapy is only physician; the amount of drug depends on the condition of the patient; necessary to begin treatment with the most effective drug dose, gradually reducing to the supporting amount; duration of treatment depends on the response of the patient body for treatment.	It prevents and suppresses the initial inflammatory process in the body.	from 485 rubles. to 510 rubles.

Steroid prednisolone - strong anti-inflammatory agent which has a large number of side effects. In order not to harm the body use the medication only on prescription, it is written in the instructions for use.

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

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