In most cases, the disease exacerbation does not require surgery, but ignoring the conservative treatment, there is a risk of serious complications, such as problems with the digestive process and assimilation of substances body.
What it is?
Chronic pancreatitis - is an inflammatory process in the pancreas tissues, flowing more than six months. The disease is characterized by undulating course - periods of remission followed by periods when pancreatitis escalates.
Causes of acute
The main reason for exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis - the abuse of alcoholic beverages.
Other causes of acute illness:
- Mechanical abdominal trauma.
- Complications after surgery.
- Diets that involve a minimum of protein.
- Autoimmune diseases.
- Infectious diseases of the body.
- Excessive consumption of fatty and fried foods.
- Hereditary factors.
- High load on the nervous system, frequent stress.
- Old age (lack of enzymes in the body).
- Receiving toxic drugs.
- Smoking, especially against the background of overweight.
- Chronic liver disease, duodenum and gall bladder.
During an exacerbation dramatically increases the activity of pancreatic enzymes, pancreatic tissue is irritated by their impact, there is swelling, compression large pancreatic duct, the blood supply to cancer getting worse - the clinical picture resembles acute pancreatitis and, in fact, little of it is different.
The symptoms of an exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis
Typically, the symptoms of an exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis are evolving rapidly. Already in the first days of the human condition is deteriorating, thus he has to take medication or seek medical help.
The patient may be suspected at exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis in the following clinical signs:
- and frequent loose stools, stool fat in admixture;
- abdominal pain with diffuse localization extending to the back, worse after eating;
- bitter taste in the mouth, Vomiting bile, which does not bring relief and docked hard drugs.
All of these clinical signs are not specific to chronic pancreatitis. But if a person has an exacerbation of the disease does not happen the first time, he already knows that it is an inflammation of the pancreas was the cause of all symptoms.
What to do in case of abdominal pain and dyspeptic symptoms? It is advisable to consult a doctor. If the pain is severe, and vomiting persists, it is necessary to call an ambulance immediately deliver the patient to the intensive care unit for correction of water and electrolyte metabolism. Such conditions are life-threatening, so proceed with the reference to the doctor is not necessary. Aggravation of pancreatitis may well lead to the partial destruction of the pancreas, which may require surgical treatment.
How long is the attack?
Chronic pancreatitis in the acute phase may be accompanied by severe pain and significant impairment to health. However, not all patients pain such sharp, but instead they suffer other symptoms: loss of appetite, fever, vomiting, diarrhea et al.
But as the acute phase lasts? Doctors do not give a clear answer as to the duration of the attack is influenced by many factors, such as the reasons which led to the development of this disease, or the presence of concomitant diseases. On average, an exacerbation of a pancreatitis attack lasts 1-2 hours and more days.
What to do in an exacerbation?
The first thing to call "ambulance." If symptoms of pancreatitis appeared, first aid during exacerbation includes the following steps:
- complete exclusion of meals and liquids;
- adherence to rest, you need to go to bed on his back, with vomiting, you can take the position, lying on his side with his knees pressed to his stomach;
- use ice packs in the form of a cold compress on the abdomen.
After delivery to the hospital the patient will be examined on the basis of the results the doctor will choose the most effective therapeutic strategy. Independently appoint a tablet and administered drugs during exacerbation of pancreatitis is prohibited.
If exacerbation of chronic process is limited to nausea after eating, the appearance of diarrhea, discomfort in the stomach, you still need to see a specialist for advice to avoid offensive complications. After the examination, the doctor will decide where you want to undergo a course of treatment - at stationary or outpatient basis.
Diagnostics
After determining the symptomatology and etiology of doctor-specialist prescribes analyzes of disease. Usually this:
- general and biochemical blood tests;
- Analysis of urine;
- biochemistry feces;
- saliva testing to determine the level of amylase.
For an accurate diagnosis may require additional study of the abdominal cavity, such as computed tomography, MRI, radiography, ultrasound or endoscopy.
How to treat the exacerbation of pancreatitis?
Comprehensive treatment of acute consists of the regimen, diet and drug therapy. When expressed pain syndrome assigned bed rest, sick disabled.
medication
pancreatitis treatment during an exacerbation should begin immediately and always under the supervision of a specialist. Only a gastroenterologist can prescribe the correct treatment for the early lifting of exacerbation of the disease and prevent possible complications.
Primarily used medication:
- Vitamin: liposoluble A, E, K, D and vitamins B.
- Pancreatic enzymes: Pancreatin, Kreon, Panzinorm with a lipase at least 10 thousand.
- Drugs aimed at the reduction of the secretory function of the prostate: Esomeprazole, Octreotide, pantoprazole, omeprazole.
- Drugs, relieves associated pain. It antispasmodics: Drotaverinum, Mebeverin, Spazmalgon, No-spa. Also, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: Tramadol, Ketoprofen.
It is worth noting that the medication the individual patient. Pick up preparations should a doctor, having carefully studied the symptoms of the disease. Give injections, take the tablets without consulting with a specialist, it is impossible. This can lead to serious consequences.
Nutrition and diet
In the first few days you need starvation, can drink water only - no gas purified, or boiled. Subsequently diet gradually expanding prescribe № table 1a, as in the exacerbation of gastric ulcers. Permitted foods rich in protein - lean meat - beef, rabbit, turkey, in the form of steam meatballs or soufflé lean fish boiled, steam omelet protein, low fat cottage cheese, mashed viscous porridge. As for drinks, you can drink tea, broth hips, black currant compote.
All dishes are prepared either steamed or boiled, thoroughly crushed or rubbed. Portions are small, the volume does not exceed the amount placed in one handful. The number of meals - from 6 to 8 times a day.
Menu excludes extractive substances that increase the secretion - strong broths, mushrooms, coffee, cocoa, chocolate, pickles, smoked meats. All products require the efforts of the pancreas - fatty, fried, salty, spicy, condiments and spices, canned, cream, sour cream, fat cottage cheese, fat - have set aside. You can not fast food, soda, colorful candies and chocolate bars, potato chips, crackers, peanuts - all that we are accustomed to snacking on the go. Unconditional, categorical, not discussed the taboo of alcohol. And a beer. And non-alcoholic, as well.
Usually diet solves about 70% of the problems encountered during exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis. It should give the iron rest - and inflammation begins to subside. The main thing - to withstand the necessary time, and not "break" when everything began to improve and no longer hurt.
prevention
Of course, the best treatment - is prevention. Chronic pancreatitis can worsen and throw "surprises" about which the patient is not even aware. This may be hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, pronounced deficiency disease processes that lead to atrophic gastritis, disorders of the liver and nervous and physical exhaustion.
The basic rule of prevention is very simple. If you want to be healthy, "was passed through his head," what goes in your mouth. Before you swallow something, you need to think whether it would hurt digestion?
It is strictly necessary to avoid alcohol. In insulin deficiency conditions it can lead to the development of severe hypoglycemia and status, and in that If "lucky", and will develop a pleasant intoxication, the man "loose" eats harmful food. Therefore, a complete rejection of drinking, smoking (tobacco swallowing saliva irritates the digestive tract) and food temptations will allow you to avoid this disease.
