By mucosal changes may be chronic gastroduodenitis atrophic, hypertrophic, superficial and erosive. By acid-forming functions - with high and low acidity. According to the degree of inflammation intensity - mild, moderate and severe.
During chronic gastroduodenitis release of remission and exacerbation.
What it is?
Chronic gastro - an inflammation of duodenal ulcer and gastric mucosa, characterized alternate remission and exacerbation periods, as well as violation of regenerative mucosa function shell.
gastroduodenitAs you might guess, is a symbiosis gastritis and duodenitis.
Causes
There are a number of reasons why it may be a chronic gastro. If the reason was the diseases of internal organs, then talk about the secondary form of the disease. If the development of the disease influenced by external factors or improper diet, doctors diagnosed as "primary gastro".
Secondary form caused by such factors:
- constant stress;
- malfunction of the nervous system;
- low immunity;
- antibiotics;
- intestinal infections;
- gallbladder disease and gastrointestinal tract.
Chronic infectious diseases also cause inflammation of the mucous membrane. Caries, tonsillitis and stomatitis should be treated in a timely manner, because of oral infections occur in the stomach. Sometimes chronic form appears when reflux syndromeWhen bile is thrown into the stomach.
The primary form of cause:
- exposure to chemicals and poisons;
- poor nutrition and abnormality (acute abuse, salted and smoked ingredients);
- bad habits, including the consumption of alcoholic beverages;
- the use of hot or cold food.
Heredity also plays a big role. It should take into account the genetic predisposition for diagnosis. Gastroduodenitis with acidity more likely to have an infectious etiology of origin. The inflammatory process is Helicobacter pylori.
Classification
There is no uniform classification of diseases. This is due, in addition to many approaches to the explanation of the causes and assessment of morphological picture of the disease, and even the fact that in some countries the diagnosis of "chronic gastro" is not used.
The most common are the following forms of the disease.
By origin:
- primary (paced without relation to the previous pathology);
- secondary.
By the presence of Helicobacter pylori: H. pylori-associated and non-associated.
As the prevalence of pathological process:
- gastritis [limited (antral or fundic) distributed];
- duodenitis (restricted (bulbit), Common).
By the nature of acid-forming and secretory function of the stomach:
- with enhanced function;
- with preserved function;
- with hypofunction.
The morphological features of defeat stomach and duodenal ulcers:
- surface, hypertrophic, erosive, hemorrhagic, subatrophic mixed (determined endoscopically);
- or diffuse surface (without atrophy subatrophic, atrophic) (as determined histologically).
Depending on the stage of an inflammatory chronic gastroduodenitis may be in the acute phase, incomplete clinical remission, complete clinical remission, clinical, endoscopic and morphological remission (recovery).
symptoms
The chronic form gastroduodenita can give itself felt in six months. That is, mild symptoms may be observed during this time. Then develops an exacerbation. In this case, the symptoms become pronounced. Provoke acute attack can stress, eating spicy, salty, fatty, fried foods, alcohol. And the worsening observed in spring and autumn.
Surface chronic gastroduodenitis in the current period of remission is characterized by aching pain in the stomach and navel. Pain - the main symptoms. May cause nausea and vomiting, especially if a person eats fatty or salty. Sometimes there is a violation of stool - diarrhea, constipation is replaced. There is heartburn, belching. If you stick to a diet, the pain and other symptoms are less pronounced.
When exacerbation occurs become sharp pain, acute. It can be so strong that a person twists half. For ulcer forms characterized by vomiting of blood. This suggests internal bleeding. This condition requires immediate hospitalization because it can happen ulcer perforation. It is fraught with peritonitis. Status is extremely dangerous for life. During exacerbation of a person has not only pain, but also whiten skin, appears halitosis, regurgitation of sour or bitter flavor. May feel dizzy. Some patients have happened even fainting.
Diagnostics
Signs of inflammation of the digestive system requires immediate treatment to the doctor. Otherwise, the disease enters the chronic form and cure it will be much harder. Diagnosing disease based on complaints, patient external inspection, palpation epigastric (upper abdomen) and the umbilical region.
Additional wires:
- Determination of acidity of gastric juice.
- Antroduodealnaya manometry. Explores the motility of the stomach.
- Histological examination. It is performed to analyze the characteristics of inflammation and structural changes. Carried fence gastric and intestinal wall cells in the lesion. Assigned mainly with chronic illness ulcer and atrophic forms.
- Endoscopic examination. The stomach is administered stylet equipped with a video camera. With it, examine the body and detect the presence and location of pathological processes.
- Identification of bacterial infection (Helicobacter pylori). Carried out with the help of the breath test, microscopy, histology.
- Fluoroscopy. Carried out during filling of the stomach with contrast agent. It allows you to get a detailed picture of the processes occurring in it.
- Ultrasonography. It shows the state of the inner surface of the stomach and the degree of development of pathology. It is often used to monitor disease recurrence.
Chronic gastroduodenitis has a less severe symptoms and requires a long-term drug therapy than sharp. To cure this form of the disease can not be completely, but you can greatly extend the period of remission (sometimes for years).
Treatment
Since the duodenum plays an important role in the digestive system, it is especially dangerous inflammation. Gastroduodenitis, as described above, affects not only one stomach, so it should be prevented, but if the blow had already been adopted, it is necessary to start with him in every possible way to fight.
Treatment of chronic gastroduodenitis is accompanied by the following measures:
- anti-inflammatory therapy;
- reduction secretory functions of the organs involved in the digestion process;
- Incoming normalization and bile flow;
- removing the imbalance of the nervous system, stomach and duodenum.
you can not only eliminate the symptoms thanks to modern methods of treatment, but also to restore the health of the digestive tract, normalize digestion and absorption of food. Therapy is often carried out against the background removal of concomitant diseases.
- If the reduced acidity, instead of antisecretory drugs, aimed at the production of hydrochloric acid. Regardless of the form of antacids: Fosfalyugel, Almagel, Maalox. prokinetics (Reglan, Motilium) appointed by vomiting and flatulence. They restore the promotion of food bolus, eliminating the painful symptoms.
- When the disease with elevated or normal acidity used proton pump inhibitors. These include omeprazole, rabeprazole, Neksimum. There are other drugs that reduce the production of hydrochloric acid to decrease the acidity of gastric juice. Usually the treatment chosen any one medication.
If chronic gastro caused by a bacterium, the treatment regimen be sure to include antibacterial agents.
Diet and Nutrition rules
Proper nutrition is essential when gastroduodenitis. During remission should be excluded from the diet the following products:
- alcohol;
- strong broths;
- fatty meat, poultry and fish;
- acute dishes (mustard, pepper, horseradish, garlic, etc...);
- strong coffee and tea;
- pickles, smoked and the like. d.
The basis of the food should be soups (on the second broth), lean meats, poultry, low-fat fish, cereals, vegetables and fruits. The products can be boiled, stewed, steamed or baked. In the acute stage power must be mechanically, chemically and thermally sparing. It is possible to prepare liquid infant cereals, pureed vegetable soups or weak meat broth, kissel, compote. All meals should be eaten in the form of heat.
Prediction and prevention
Symptoms gastroduodenita - a serious reason to immediately begin treatment of pathology, which can appoint only qualified physician. Therapy of chronic disease is a long process, requiring patience.
Prevention is in compliance with the foundations of a healthy diet, avoidance of stress, giving up bad habits and regular fasting / overeating. In addition, to prevent chronic diseases it is important to minimize the intake of medicines, especially antibiotics.
Incorrect or late treatment of chronic disease will be the cause of relapse of acute conditions. In the course of development gastroduodenita patient will deteriorate the quality of life, strengthens the overall fatigue. Often exacerbated by chronic pathology due to non-compliance with the regularity of treatment prescribed medications, which in the future may lead to complications, including peptic ulcer disease.
