Novocaine in ampoules is an injectable drug that has mild anesthetic properties. The medication is indicated for local use to achieve the effect of rapid infiltration pain relief. The drug is injected directly into the tissues, where the feeling of acute pain is localized. The average price of a drug in retail pharmacy chains is 29-35 rubles.
Record content:
- 1 Indications for use
- 2 Compound
- 3 In what form is it produced
- 4 Pharmacodynamics
- 5 Pharmacokinetics
-
6 Application
- 6.1 For children under 18
- 6.2 For adults
- 6.3 For pregnant
- 6.4 For the elderly
- 7 Contraindications
- 8 Overdose
- 9 Side effects
- 10 Drug interactions
- 11 Storage conditions and periods
- 12 Conditions of dispensing from pharmacies
- 13 Analogs
- 14 Video about Novocaine
Indications for use
Novocaine in ampoules is used as a short-term anesthesia, the duration of which does not exceed 1 hour.
The medication is indicated for use in the following cases:
- vagosympathetic pain relief;
- paravertebral, perirenal, and also circular block;
- anesthesia of soft tissues, in the area of which therapeutic or diagnostic measures will be carried out;
- intraosseous anesthesia.
Novocaine is actively used during therapeutic manipulations by dentists, otolaryngologists, surgeons, and proctologists. To achieve a local anesthetic effect, the drug can be used for exacerbation of hemorrhoids and rectal fissures.
In this case, the medication is introduced into the rectal cavity to reduce the severity of pain. The use of an anesthetic is possible only as directed by a doctor, as well as with strict adherence to the dosage rules.
Compound
Novocaine is a drug that has a simple biochemical composition. The table below lists the components of this pain reliever.
| Composition of Novocaine | Description and dosage of the chemical |
| Procaine | Procaine is the active component of this medication, which has moderate analgesic properties. 1 ml of the medicinal solution contains at least 5 mg of the main substance. Procaine is included in the list of vital chemical compounds. |
| Hydrochloric acid | Hydrochloric acid is an auxiliary component of the injection solution. This substance acts as a preservative and stabilizer of the chemical composition, and also prevents premature disintegration of the drug during the period of its warehouse storage. |
| Sterile water for injection | Purified injection water makes up most of the solution, and the drug itself has a concentration of 0.5%. |
Novocaine in ampoules has a safe chemical composition that does not possess toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. The low price of the medication makes it affordable for most citizens with different income levels.
In what form is it produced
Novocaine is produced by pharmaceutical companies in the form of a transparent liquid solution that does not have a specific odor.
In retail pharmacy chains, the drug is sold in glass ampoules with a capacity of 2, 5 and 10 ml. The main package of the medication is a cardboard box, inside which there is a detailed instruction on the use of the injection solution. 1 package of medication contains 10 ampoules.
Pharmacodynamics
Novocaine in ampoules (the price of the drug does not exceed 35 rubles. per pack) has a local anesthetic effect. After the injection of the anesthetic into the soft tissues of the body, the active substance of the medication blocks sensitivity of nerve endings that are located in the immediate vicinity of the site injections.
Procaine inhibits the conduction of neuronal impulses, acting directly on the membranes of nerve cells, but it does not have a pronounced effect on their resting potential.
The pharmacodynamic feature of Novocaine is that its active substance eliminates not only pain, but also disrupts the conductivity of other types of impulses. There is a short-term loss of tissue sensitivity.
After absorption into the capillary vessels and the ingestion of the drug into the bloodstream, the effect of reducing the excitability of cholinergic systems occurs, the intensity of acetylcholine synthesis decreases.
Procaine has a direct effect on smooth muscle activity. The drug suppresses the excitability of the motor centers of the brain and myocardium. In large doses, Novocaine can cause cramps in the lower extremities.
Pharmacokinetics
Novocaine has complete and systemic absorption. The rate of distribution of the drug in the injection site depends on the injection site and the type of tissue that is being treated with the solution. After entering the general bloodstream, the active substance of the drug in the form of procaine breaks down in the liver tissues.
As a result of this process, 2 main metabolites are formed. This is diethylaminoethanol, which has a mild vasodilating effect, as well as para-aminobenzoic acid. The latter substance acts as a potent antagonist of sulfa drugs.
Novocaine is able to weaken the effect of antibacterial agents belonging to the pharmacological group of sulfonamides, which should be taken into account in patients undergoing antimicrobial therapy.
Metabolites formed during the breakdown of Novocaine are disposed of from the body along with urine. The main burden of removing the drug from the blood falls on the kidneys. About 2% of the drug does not go through the metabolic stage, but is excreted from the body unchanged.
Application
Novocaine in ampoules (the price of the drug is affordable for most consumers) is intended for symptomatic and short-term use. 
The medication is used to relieve acute pain syndrome, conduct surgical treatment, as well as perform diagnostic measures that require local anesthesia.
For children under 18
Novocaine is approved for use in children who have reached the age of 12 years.
In relation to younger patients, the drug is not recommended to be used, since there is a high risk of side effects, as well as other undesirable reactions of the body. A child over 12 years old can receive the maximum dosage of the medication, which does not exceed 15 mg per 1 kg of body weight.
For adults
For patients of the adult age category who require the introduction of infiltration anesthesia, the medication is prescribed in a dosage of 70-120 ml. Before starting the operation, a primary dose of 150 ml of anesthetic solution is administered.
During long-term surgical intervention, the patient is given every 60 minutes. no more than 400 ml of the drug is injected.
These dosing rules provide for the use of a solution of procaine with a concentration of 0.5%.
If it is necessary to carry out a perirenal blockade, from 50 to 80 ml of the drug is injected into the area of the perirenal blockade.
To achieve the effect of local anesthesia of epithelial and soft tissues, a dosage of 5-10 ml of medication is used.
This amount of the drug allows you to provide local anesthesia for the purpose of performing simple surgical operations to sanitize abscesses, wound surfaces and ulcerative formations.
In this case, the duration of action of the drug is no more than 1 hour. After 30 minutes. the patient may show the first signs of pain sensitivity. In order to prolong the effect of Novocaine, patients of the adult age category are additionally injected with 0.1% epinephrine hydrochloride. On average, this is 1 drop for each ampoule of Novocaine.
For pregnant
Novocaine in ampoules (the price of the drug depends on the market conditions for pharmacological products) is not recommended for use in women who are in a state of pregnancy. An anesthetic is used only in extreme cases, when the potential benefit from the action of the medication outweighs the possible risk of negative consequences for the mother and fetus.
During lactation of a newborn baby with breast milk, breastfeeding should be stopped. Only after this is it allowed to use Novocaine solution. In this case, the dosage of the anesthetic is selected individually by the attending physician.
For the elderly
For elderly patients who do not have medical contraindications for use injection solution of Novocaine, the drug is prescribed in a standard dosage, as for all others adults.
The drug should be used with extreme caution in elderly patients who have chronic kidney and liver diseases.and have also reached the age of 65. Especially if the filtration function of these organs is significantly reduced.
Contraindications
Novocaine in ampoules (the price of the medication is affordable for most patients) has medical contraindications for use.
The medicinal product is strictly prohibited for use in the following cases:
- individual intolerance to procaine, which is expressed in the form of an acute allergic reaction, accompanied by the appearance of a rash, edema of the mucous and epithelial tissues, itching, urticaria;
- children under 12 years of age;
- fibrotic changes in soft tissues, which are located in the area of injection of the drug.
A solution of novocaine is used with extreme caution in the presence of the following circumstances:
- performing urgent surgical operations when the patient is diagnosed with acute and extensive blood loss;
- chronic heart failure;
- inflammatory and infectious processes in soft tissues that require anesthesia;
- renal failure and severe liver disease;
- depletion of the body, accompanied by a general decline in physical strength (there is a real risk of shock, development of heart block and vascular insufficiency);
- decreased blood flow in the liver tissues.
Novocaine injection solution is used with caution during childbirth. The use of the medication for critically ill patients increases the risk of side effects.
Before using Novocaine, it is recommended to conduct allergic tests for increased sensitivity of the body to the active components of the drug. Patients who have concomitant diseases of the cardiovascular, nervous and respiratory systems should be under the supervision of medical personnel.
10 days before using Novocaine solution, it is necessary to stop therapy with drugs that belong to the pharmacological group of monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
During the period of using injections of this anesthetic, care must be taken during control of vehicles, equipment and mechanisms that require increased attention and reactions. This recommendation is due to the fact that procaine is able to affect the functions of the central nervous system.
Overdose
Violation of the dosing rules for this drug with the use of large doses of procaine is fraught with the development of general intoxication of the body.
An overdose with Novocaine is manifested by the following symptoms:
- pallor of the surface of the skin and mucous membranes;
- nausea and vomiting;
- cramps of the lower extremities;
- dysfunction of the central nervous system;
- feeling of fear and panic attacks;
- chills accompanied by fever and increased sweating;
- increased excitement of the muscular system;
- a rapid decrease in blood pressure (in medical practice, there were cases when patients collapsed);
- visual and auditory hallucinations;
- increased breathing;
- dizziness;
- violation of coordination of movements;
- physical weakness;
- attacks of severe headache;
- allergic reactions associated with the occurrence of edema of the mucous membrane, itching of the skin, the appearance of a red rash, urticaria.
Patients with signs of an overdose with an injection solution of Novocaine are subject to hospitalization in the toxicology department. Patients receive symptomatic and complex detoxification therapy.
In case of severe poisoning, disturbances in the work of the heart, lungs, liver and kidneys, a critical drop in blood pressure, the patient is transferred to artificial ventilation. As the blood is purified from Novocaine metabolites, the functions of the internal organs and cerebral cortex are stabilized.
Side effects
Novocaine injections are well tolerated by most patients of all age groups.
Despite this, the manufacturer of the medicinal product does not exclude the occurrence of the following side effects:
- severe headache and dizziness;
- methemoglobinemia;
- cramping pain inside the chest;
- increase or rapid decrease in blood pressure indicators;
- bradycardia and other disturbances in the rhythmic activity of the heart;
- physical weakness, accompanied by a general decline in strength;
- constant sleepiness;
- loss of consciousness;
- anaphylactic shock, which can lead to fulminant edema of the laryngeal mucosa, suffocation and death;
How anaphylactic shock develops - red rash localized on the surface of the abdomen, back, neck;
- urticaria on the mucous membrane and epithelial tissues;
- itching of the skin.
In case of manifestation of side effects of Novocaine, it is necessary to inform the attending physician about it. Patients with signs of acute allergic reactions will need antihistamines.
Drug interactions
The table below lists drugs of various pharmacological groups that should not be taken during the period of use of Novocaine.
| Types of medicines | Characterization of drug interactions |
| Sedatives, analgesics, tranquilizers, sleeping pills | All the centers of the brain are suppressed, which automatically entails dysfunction internal organs, mobility of the musculoskeletal system, causes a rapid drop in arterial pressure. |
| Anticoagulants, drugs based on heparin and sodium | The justified risk of opening internal bleeding increases. This is especially true for the organs of the gastrointestinal tract. First of all, people who have ulcerative formations can suffer. Antiseptic treatment of the injection site using solutions containing salts of heavy metals causes attacks of pain and the formation of edema. |
| Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, Selegiline, Furazolidone | The effect of a rapid decrease in blood pressure occurs. A person has attacks of severe headache, coordination of movements is impaired, and dizziness is present. |
| Vasoconstrictors, Phenylephrine, Epinephrine | With the simultaneous interaction with Novocaine, these medicines prolong the local anesthetic effect. |
| Anti-myasthenic drugs | There is an effect of reducing the therapeutic properties of drugs of this pharmacological group. This leads to the fact that the patient requires additional adjustment of the doses of medications that were used to treat myasthenia gravis. |
| Sulfonamides | During the drug interaction of antibiotics of this group, as well as procaine, the antimicrobial effect is neutralized. This aspect must be taken into account in patients who suffer from an acute inflammatory process of infectious etiology, using sulfonamides as the main antibacterial agent. |
| Ecothiopata iodide, Cyclophosphamide, Tiotepa | There is a slowdown in the process of decomposition of procaine with the formation of its metabolites. In this regard, the analgesic effect of Novocaine can persist for a longer period of time (over 1 hour). |
Patients who are prescribed the use of Novocaine should inform their doctor in detail about what drugs they are currently taking. This will eliminate the factor of negative drug interaction and minimize the risk of side effects.
Storage conditions and periods
Novocaine injection solution should be stored in the original packaging of the drug manufacturer at an air temperature not higher than +25 degrees Celsius.
A pack of ampoules should be left in a dark and cool room, out of direct sunlight. The shelf life of the medication is 3 years, after which the further use of the solution is prohibited.
Conditions of dispensing from pharmacies
To buy ampoules of Novocaine, a prescription from your doctor is required.
Analogs
On the pharmaceutical market, there are the following drugs that are used for local anesthesia, as well as are analogues Novocaine:
-
Lidocaine - This is an effective anesthetic for local use, the cost of which is 28-30 rubles. (Lidocaine is characterized by a longer preservation of anesthetic properties);
Lidocaine 10% in ampoules 100mg / ml - Prilokain Is a potent drug that is also used for local anesthesia of epithelial and soft tissues, and the average price of a drug in pharmacies is 30 rubles.
- Bupivacaine Is an analogue of Novocaine, which has a maximum anesthetic duration, and its average cost is 566 rubles.
Novocaine in ampoules is a drug based on an active substance in the form of procaine, which is used in surgical operations and diagnostic examinations.
This medication allows you to quickly eliminate the pain syndrome of moderate intensity. The duration of action of Novocaine is from 30 minutes. up to 1 hour The drug can only be used for children who have reached the age of 12 years.
The medication is capable of affecting the functioning of the central nervous system, which should be taken into account by the drivers of vehicles and operators of installations, equipment, mechanisms with increased danger. The average price of Novocaine varies from 26 to 30 rubles. for a pack of 10 ampoules.
Video about Novocaine
Indications of Novocaine in ampoules:
