Levofloxacin (Levofloxacin) eye drops. Price, instructions for use, analogues, reviews

Medicinal product Levofloxacin - ophthalmic broad-spectrum antibiotic. These eye drops inhibit the activity of both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic agents. The price of the drug depends on the dosage and concentration of the active ingredient.

Indications for use

The drug belongs to the category of synthetic antibiotics with a pronounced bactericidal effect. Levofloxacin blocks the secretion and physiological action of enzymatic compounds that are necessary for the multiplication of aerobic bacteria.

The drug is prescribed for:

• streptococcal infections of the optic organ;
• chlamydia;
• enterobacterial infection;
• the development of legionella;

Levofloxacin - eye drops, the price of which in pharmacies in Moscow and St. Petersburg is slightly higher than in the regions. The drug is used to quickly suppress inflammatory processes of an infectious origin. The tool eliminates complications and accelerates rehabilitation after ophthalmic surgery.

Levofloxacin is effective for therapy:

• conjunctivitis;
• keratitis inflammation of the cornea of ​​the eyes;
• sinusitis;
• bacterial blepharitis;
• gonorrheal infections of the visual analyzer;

The drug is used for traumatic damage to the tissues of the periorbital zone.

Compound

The active component of eye drops is levofloxacin hemihydrate, which is a chemical compound with a complex formula. It is a fluoroquinolone that causes deep morphological transformations in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of pathogenic microorganisms.

Levofloxacin hemihydrate blocks denucleic acid gyrase, disrupts genome supercoiling, inhibits the synthesis of topoisomerase II and IV, which leads to the inability of microbes to multiply.

Eye drops contain the following excipients:

title	properties
Sodium chloride	The most important inorganic component of the extracellular fluid. Possesses plasma-substituting, rehydrating characteristics. Normalizes osmotic pressure.
Edetat	A chemical with detoxifying properties, a powerful antidote. Decomposes toxic waste products of pathogenic microflora.
Diluted hydrochloric acid	Monobasic chemical compound, which is contained in the stomach at a concentration of 0.5%. Has a pronounced bactericidal effect.
Sodium hydroxide	Reduces acidity, increases peristatic, has a calming effect.

All components are dissolved in a special liquid for injection, which is distilled water, which is purified from gases, salts, and various biological elements.

Release form

Levofloxacin eye drops are a homogeneous solution of a yellow-green hue. In pharmacies, the drug is found in compact bottles made of transparent or tinted plastic with a medical dispenser. They come in 5 and 10 ml capacities.

The drug is produced by various pharmaceutical companies, therefore the name of the trademark is attached to the name - Teva, Solofarm, Lebel. Manufacturers use different forms of release and ancillary components.

Levofloxacin - eye drops, the price of which depends on the volume of the package, the country of production, the concentration of the active substance. The biochemical effect on the visual analyzer and the superficial layers of the periorbital region always remains identical.

The cost of eye drops ranges from 150-230 rubles. The drug is delivered conjunctivally using a cap dispenser or a medical pipette - large glass vials with a capacity of 25 and 50 ml require its use. They are not equipped with a pharmacy dispenser.

Pharmacodynamics

The drug demonstrates a high degree of bactericidal activity against all known pathogenic strains. Interferes with replication, transcription, recombination of microbial DNA.

Resistance to the effects of levofloxacin hemihydrate is extremely rare and only to a low concentration of the active component. Suppression of biosynthesis of pathogenic microflora is aimed at suppressing its vital activity and disrupting the genetic structure of strains.

Aerobic gram-negative microorganisms are especially sensitive to the effects of a chemical compound. Levofloxacin effectively inhibits the biosynthesis of genotypes resistant to amino glycoside and macrolide drugs, beta-lactam antibiotics.

Pharmacokinetics

When used conjunctivally, no more than 5% of the drug penetrates into the bloodstream. It completely decomposes and is evacuated from the body within 7 hours. Does not accumulate in the gastrointestinal tract and does not accumulate in the tissues of internal organs.

The absolute bioavailability of the active substance and auxiliary components is 95-99%. The maximum concentration in the injection zone is reached within 30 minutes. after conjunctival delivery.

When taken immediately before a meal or at the same time with food, the interval to the maximum content increases slightly. The average indicator of the volume of distribution in the infected organ is 0.5 μg / mm³.

Levofloxacin hemihydrate is characterized by stereochemical stability in blood plasma and urine, it is not transformed into D-ofloxacin. Metabolization in the liver is insignificant; it is excreted in the urine in an actual unchanged state. It is excreted by the method of glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.

Application

Eye drops are used exclusively locally. Levofloxacin is not administered subconctivally. The price of a drug depends on its effectiveness and the name of the manufacturer. The most expensive is the products of the Israeli pharmaceutical company Teva.

The drug can damage contact lenses. They must be removed before the eyes are buried. With systemic therapy, the development of resistance of pathogenic microorganisms and a slight decrease in the bactericidal effect is possible.

The dosage and duration of the therapeutic course is determined by the attending physician on an individual basis.

They depend on:

• the severity of the infection;
• the nature of the inflammatory process;
• the age of the patient;
• gender identity;
• anamnesis;
• detected strains of pathogenic microflora, other factors.

The medication is absolutely incompatible with alcoholic beverages, which provoke a negative effect of the active substance on nervous activity. During the period of treatment, it is necessary to stop drinking any alcohol-containing liquids.

Self-introduction algorithm at home:

1. First, wash your hands thoroughly with antibacterial soap, wipe dry with a clean towel.
2. Then a cotton swab or hygienic disc moistened with an antiseptic solution or hydrogen peroxide remove on the eyelids and in the periorbital zone purulent discharge, dried crust, other consequences of inflammatory process.
3. Next, carefully open the drip package with a dispensing lid.
4. It is convenient to administer the drug in a reclining position, with your head thrown back slightly. You can put a soft roller or half cushion under your neck.
5. For conjunctival delivery, the vial is turned upside down and tilted at an angle of approximately 45 °.
6. It is important not to touch the infected areas during the procedure, so as not to transfer the infection to healthy tissues.
7. When instilling, the lower eyelid is slightly pulled back.
8. The solution is supplied by squeezing the bottle.

After the completion of the therapeutic manipulation, it is necessary to easily massage the eyelids and corners of the eye in order to accelerate the penetration of the therapeutic composition and its even distribution.

This action further intensifies blood microcirculation in the subcutaneous capillaries, facilitates delivery nutrients in the tissue of the periorbital region, accelerates the evacuation of purulent secretions from the conjunctival bag.

After instillation, it is advisable to treat the bottle dispenser with an antiseptic solution. This will eliminate the likelihood of re-infection. Contact lenses and glasses should be antibacterial if used.

For children under 18

Levofloxacin is not contraindicated in this category of patients. But extreme caution should be exercised during therapy. The antibiotic has a destructive effect on the formation of cartilage tissue.

Levofloxacin - eye drops (the price of the drug is low, given its significant anti-inflammatory efficacy) with unknown safety for children 1 year of age.

Although it is used in minimal doses to eliminate ulcerative destruction of the cornea of ​​the eyes and blennorrhea in newborns. Enter in 1 drop every 6 hours. The full course of treatment for newborns is usually 3 days.

For adults

The dosage regimen in adult patients depends on the nature, stage and clinical features of ophthalmic pathology of inflammatory genesis. During the course of treatment, the standard regimen provides for the introduction of 1-2 drops of the drug every 2 hours.

The duration of therapy is 5-7 days. By the decision of the ophthalmologist and in the absence of allergic reactions, it could be prolonged for up to 2-3 weeks. For preventive purposes and at the final stage of treatment, the number of installations is reduced to 4 per day at a constant dosage.

For pregnant

During the period of childbearing, Levofloxacin is prescribed only if the expected clinical effect outweighs the potential risks. Strictly controlled studies of the effects of the main component, excipients on the body of pregnant women and the development of the embryo have not been carried out.

No teratogenic effect of the drug has been identified. The action of the drug is similar to other fluoroquinolones. Presumably, the medication is able to be absorbed into breast milk. Therefore, during pregnancy and lactation, it is better to refrain from taking Levofloxacin.

For the elderly

For patients in this category, the eye drops are administered at the standard dosage applicable to adults. Correction is possible only by a doctor's decision and on the basis of special instructions in the anamnesis.

Contraindications

Eye drops are not used by people with hypersensitivity to quinine compounds and with individual intolerance to the component of the drug. Before instillation, a test allergy test should be carried out on the skin of the wrist, forearm or elbow bend.

Levofloxacin - eye drops, the price of which is determined, among other things, by the hypoallergenic properties of excipients.

Absolute contraindications and restrictions for use:

• epilepsy;
• pseudoparalytic myasthenia gravis;
• renal failure;
• constant convulsive readiness in infants;
• hypokalemia;
• bradycardia;
• severe endocrine disorders;
• mental disorders.

Levofloxacin is prescribed with extreme caution in certain physiological conditions. Eye drops are taken under strict medical supervision by patients with a deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, a cytosolic enzyme necessary for the synthesis of lipid acids.

Overdose

With excessive use of the drug, swelling of the eyelids, redness of the eyes, and burning are possible. Sometimes there is an abundant secretion of the lacrimal glands. With such symptoms, you should thoroughly rinse your eyes with warm water and consult an ophthalmologist.

With a significant one-time excess of the maximum recommended dose, the following is observed:

• ataxia - a violation of muscle coherence;
• ptosis;
• partial suppression of locomotor function;
• cardiac arrhythmia;
• rapid breathing;
• short-term state of prostration;
• tremor;
• convulsive activity.

In case of acute overdose, the stomach is washed and hydrated under stationary conditions. Levofloxacin is not excreted from the body by hemo- and peritoneal dialysis.

Side effects

The intake of chemical compounds of the fluoroquinolone group is associated with an increased likelihood of tendenitis, an inflammatory destruction and dystrophic condition of the tendons. This leads to weakening, reduced elasticity and the risk of ligament rupture.

Often this side effect of Levofloxacin is observed in the most vulnerable tendon - the Achilles. It leads to a long and uncontrolled course of taking eye drops. In this case, surgical intervention is often required.

Antibiotics cause dysbiosis, suppressing vital both pathogenic and beneficial gastric microflora. Against this background, the replication of fungal cultures synthesizing toxins intensifies.

Eye drops can cause the following negative effects:

• decreased visual acuity;
• blepharitis - inflammation of the eyelids;
• conjunctival chemosis;
• the appearance of follicles in the periorbital zone;
• limited redness of the skin due to intensive expansion of capillaries;
• contact dermatitis;
• headaches;
• various allergic reactions - nasal congestion, cough, fever.

In elderly patients, the likelihood of developing fluoroquinolone-associated tendenitis increases. The active ingredient of the drug in high concentration has the ability to block neuromuscular impulse transmission, which leads to pseudoparalytic asthenia.

Drug interactions

Levofloxacin enhances the biochemical mechanism of drugs of the cyclosporin group. The active component of eye drops has the ability to reduce the effectiveness of therapy with drugs that are aimed at inhibiting intestinal motility.

With the simultaneous treatment with Levofloxacin and drugs based on magnesium sucralfate, aluminum and iron salts, a pause between doses of at least 2 hours must be maintained. The combination of eye drops with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increases the convulsive readiness of the central nervous system in children.

Glucocorticoid substances in tandem with levofloxacin further increase the risk of tendon weakening and subsequent rupture. Cimetidine and other tubular secretion blocking drugs make it difficult to evacuate the active component of the eye drops from the body.

Do not combine Levofloxacin with antidiabetic drugs. This can cause hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. Particular care should be taken when combining eye drops with indirect coagulants. Constant monitoring of the rheological properties of blood is required.

Do not take Levofloxacin in parallel with medications that lengthen the QT interval - the duration of the ventricular complex, which characterizes the functionality of the electrical systole. Eye drops should be carefully combined with tricyclic antidepressants and macrolytic antibiotics.

Storage conditions and periods

Eye drops are suitable for use for 3 years from the date of production. The opened bottle must be used as directed within 1 month. Store Levofloxacin in a place protected from direct sunlight. Permissible temperature range: + 15… + 25 ° С.

Conditions of dispensing from pharmacies

Eye drops are sold only after presentation of a prescription form filled in according to all the rules - with a seal and signature of an ophthalmologist.

Analogs

There are several drugs with pharmacological properties identical to Levofloxacin and the principle of clinical action.

Rating of the most effective and demanded:

1. Betacyprol. Ophthalmic medication of the fluoroquinolone group. Eye drops that suppress the vital activity of pathogenic microflora. Indicated for patients with blepharoconjunctivitis, bacterial corneal ulcer, infectious infections of the periorbital zone of a traumatic nature. Dosage - 1-2 drops into the focus of inflammation every 4 hours.
2. Tsiprolet. Antimicrobial medication used to eliminate pathogenic pathogens of various types. Based on the action of the latest generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic. It is prescribed for acute meibomitis, to prepare the eyes for surgery. The method of administration and doses are similar to those of Levofloxacin.
3. Vigamox. Bactericidal eye drops from the category of fluoroquinolones. Used for local therapy of conjunctivitis. Effective against almost all types of pathogenic pathogens. The medication is instilled 3 times a day, 1 drop. The standard course of treatment is 4-5 days.
4. Normax. A safe antibiotic that is used to eliminate the inflammatory process. The principle of pharmacological action is similar to that of Levofloxacin. Effective for traumatic and bacterial corneal erosion. In acute ophthalmic diseases of infectious genesis, 3 drops are instilled into each eye 7-8 times a day.
5. Zimar. Antibacterial eye drops for the treatment of microbial conjunctivitis caused by pathogenic pathogens with high sensitivity to gatifloxacin - the active substance of the medicinal funds. Zimar is instilled in 1-2 drops every 2 hours. during the waking period.

The list of Levofloxacin analogues is not limited to these drugs. In clinical practice, Lofox, Okatsin, and others are actively used. Despite different trade names, they practically repeat each other in biochemical formula and purpose.

Medication Levofloxacin - eye drops that have a similar composition, clinical effect and principle of pharmacological action with the above drugs. The prices of all medicines from the group of fluoroquinolone antibiotics do not differ much.

Article design: Vladimir the Great

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