How to dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine (Novocaine), water, than for intramuscular injection. Instructions for use, injections

Ceftriaxone is the leading specialist in the treatment of serious infectious diseases. It is important to properly dilute this drug with Lidocaine and use it, therefore, therapy should be carried out only by an experienced doctor.

Indications for use

Ceftriaxone is a semi-synthetic cephalosporin phytoncide, used in the treatment of various inflammations and infections that develop under the influence of pathogenic microorganisms.

The drug has a detrimental effect on aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. After entering the body, the active component of the agent is actively absorbed, its maximum number in the blood can be observed after 30 minutes.

According to the guide to the medicine, it is prescribed for the following inflammatory pathologies:

• wounds;
• various diseases of soft tissues and skin;
• meningitis;
• infectious pathologies in people with a weak immune system;
• pathology of the spine and bones;
• gonorrhea;
• pathology in the genitals.

Antibacterial activity

Having a wide range of effects, the antibiotic exhibits antibacterial action against the following viruses:

1. Staphylococcus - irritant of many diseases (acne, boils, pneumonia).
2. Pneumococcus - irritant of ENT organs and pneumonia.
3. Haemophilus influenzae - the factor of meningitis.
4. Clostridia - irritant of gas gangrene.

In addition, the drug is effective in diseases that are caused by bacteroids, proteus and maroxels.

Compound

It is possible to dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine, since it dissolves easily in water and in anesthetics. Crystalline powder, light beige. It is produced in disodium salt, which is why it is often called a little differently: sodium ceftriaxone.

In what form is it produced

You can dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine, like other similar drugs. The medicine is released in lyophilized powder for making a solution for injections. To make it convenient to use the drug in dosage, manufacturers have released several forms of Ceftriaxone: glass vials, 1 g in volume (for the treatment of adult patients) and 0.5 and 0.25 g each.

The composition of the forms does not differ from each other. If there is no medicine with a capacity of 1 g in the pharmacy network, then you can take 2 x 0.5 g. But such options only complicate the dilution of the antibiotic and the calculation of the dosage, especially for children.

The price of Ceftriaxone depends on its volume:

Volume	Price
1 g	RUB 30
0.5 g	RUB 25
0.25 g.	RUB 18

Pharmacodynamics

Ceftriaxone, which can be diluted with both lidocaine and water, is a drug and antibiotic related to cephalosporins. The drug is resistant to the action of many gram-positive and gram-negative harmful bacteria.

In addition, the drug has an in vitro effect against various strains of bacteria such as: Salmonella spp, Shigella spp.

Pharmacokinetics

A distinctive feature of the drug is its strong penetrating ability due to the complete accumulation of the antibiotic in the blood plasma 1 hour after use. In addition, Ceftriaxone is characterized by long-term preservation in the human body (for a day or more).

The agent is concentrated in the heart, lungs, liver. It easily crosses the placenta and accumulates in breast milk. Most of it is excreted by the kidneys, and the rest with bile.

Application

According to the instructions, Ceftriaxone is administered intramuscularly and intravenously.

For children under 18

Dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine, glucose, saline, and water according to the instructions. Before using the medicine with Lidocaine, children should have a test and check if they are allergic to the medicines.

With intramuscular injections, the drug is prescribed to children over 10 years of age in the following dosages: 1 g of antibiotic per 3.5 ml of Lidocaine or 1 g of antibiotic per 3.4 ml of water. For newborns, the dosage ranges from 20-40 mg per 1 kg of the child's weight.

For children weighing more than 40 kg, the dose of the drug is prescribed as for adults. With the intravenous method, the antibiotic is administered only by the drip method - not less than 25 minutes. The use of the drug in combination with Lidocaine in babies increases the possibility of allergies, therefore, for them, doctors advise to dilute the product with water.

Also, you should not dilute the drug with novocaine, since it reduces the effectiveness of the antibiotic and in the process of using it for children, there is a possibility of getting anaphylactic shock after use. The duration of drug therapy for babies is determined by the doctor and usually ranges from 4-13 days.

For adults

For adult patients, the antibiotic should be used at 1-2 mg per day or the same dosage, only divided into 2 doses every 12 hours. In advanced cases or in the process of infections, the bacteria of which are sensitive to the drug, the daily rate can be increased, up to about 4 mg.

For pregnant

Ceftriaxone can cross the placental barrier. The safety of the product while carrying a child has not been established. Although in some preclinical studies, teratogenic properties were not identified.

During the carrying of a child, specialists prescribe medicine only in exceptional cases. In small doses, it passes into breast milk. Therefore, with therapy with a drug, the lactation period must be stopped.

For the elderly

Diluting Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine for use in the elderly should be the same as for adults, but only under the condition of satisfactory renal and liver function.

Contraindications

The medication should not be used if there were previously allergic reactions. The use of Ceftriaxone in pregnant women is possible only after the first trimester and only if the intended benefits of its administration are higher than harm to the fetus.

In laboratories, data were obtained on the ability of the drug to displace bilirubin from protein in the blood plasma, therefore, the use of the drug in children with hyperbilirubinemia requires caution. Also, the agent should not be used by patients with severe liver and kidney diseases.

Overdose

In the case of an overdose of the drug, side effects may increase:

• thrombocytopenia;
• fever;
• Gastrointestinal tract reactions;
• anorexia;
• stomatitis;
• hemolytic anemia.

Treatment: supportive and symptomatic therapy is carried out. There is no specific antidote.

Side effects

The drug Ceftriaxone has many adverse reactions.

These include:

• compaction and pain where the drug was injected, phlebitis rarely develops after using the drug;
• an allergy to the substance of the agent can manifest itself in the form of a rash, itching, chills, edema;
• with long-term therapy with high doses of Ceftriaxone in the hematopoietic system, the level of platelets may become lower;
• from the gastrointestinal tract, vomiting and nausea may appear, the level of liver enzymes may increase, interruptions in the work of the intestinal microflora;
• colpitis may develop in the genitourinary sphere;
• from the side of the central nervous system, headache or dizziness may appear.

There are a lot of these side reactions from the use of the antibiotic, but due to its low toxicity, they rarely appear.

Drug interactions

With the simultaneous use of drugs with:

• means that reduce platelet aggregation, there is a possibility of bleeding;
• anticoagulants increase the effect of the latter;
• loop diuretics, there is a risk of nephrotoxic effect.

Also, Ceftriaxone should not be combined with alcohol. During the use of injections and alcohol, a disulfiram-like reaction appears, which neutralizes acetaldehyde. An adverse reaction in this case is manifested in the form of a feeling of heat and nausea.

Features of use

Until the patient's reaction to this drug has been clarified, you need to refrain from driving a car and other types transport, given that in the course of therapy, disorders of the central nervous system, dizziness and convulsive seizures.

Storage conditions and periods

It is necessary to store the antibiotic in a dry, dark place at a temperature not exceeding + 25 ° C. Keep the product out of the reach of babies. The shelf life of the medicine is 3 years from the date of its release. It should not be applied after this period has expired.

Conditions of dispensing from pharmacies

Ceftriaxone can only be purchased at pharmacies with a specialist prescription.

Analogs

If the patient does not tolerate Ceftriaxone well, then he can choose a replacement medication. As analogs, the doctor selects III generation cephalosporins, which have a completely different active ingredient. This is due to the fact that medicines of this series are prescribed for advanced cases of infection, when other medicines do not help. The list of antibiotic analogs is as follows:

Cefazolin

Cefazolin is a medication from the group of 1st generation cephalosporins. The medication is produced by manufacturers in powder for dilution and further use in the vein and muscle. Powder in glass vials of neutral color.

All vials contain 250 mg, 500 mg and 1 g of medication. The active ingredient of the drug is Cefazolin in the form of sodium salt. The agent acts bactericidal, blocks transpeptidases and disrupts the process of reproduction of harmful cells.

Indications:

• diseases of the genitourinary sphere;
• endocarditis;
• peritonitis;
• postoperative complications.

Contraindications:

• allergy to the components of the product;
• age up to 1 month

Dosage for adults per day 1-4 g up to 3 times a day. The maximum daily allowance is 6 g. The duration of treatment is from 7-10 days. The medicine can be bought in pharmacies with a prescription, the cost is from 40 rubles.

Cefotaxime

Cefotaxime is a 3 generation medication from the category of cephalosporins. The medication is produced in white powder in a glass container for preparing it for injections and injecting it into a vein. In one vial, 0.5 or 1 g of the active ingredient Cefotaxime sodium salt.

The use of the medication has an antibacterial effect on the human body by inhibiting the reproduction of harmful bacteria.

Indications:

• sepsis;
• peritonitis;
• diseases of bones and joints;
• gonorrhea;
• Lyme disease
• wounds infected with infection.

The only contraindication is an allergic reaction to the components of the product. Also, you should carefully use the medication for liver pathologies in newborns.

Cefotaxime should be used in adults and children weighing over 40 kg, 1-2 g every 4 hours. With a body weight of less than 40 kg, the dosage ranges from 50-180 mg per kg of body weight per day. An antibiotic can only be bought with a prescription, the cost is from 17 rubles.

Fortum

Fortum is a cephalosporin type medicine. Fortum includes the active ingredient ceftazide. The mechanism of action of the drug is antibacterial. It consists in disrupting the formation of harmful bacteria and microorganisms, which causes their death.

The antibiotic is quite resistant to the action of beta-lactamases. The agent has a detrimental effect on gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The drug is well absorbed into the muscle and quickly reaches the soft tissues.

The drug almost does not enter the brain, but in the process of inflammation of the cerebral membrane in the spinal canal, the therapeutic amount of the drug is achieved.

The drug is excreted unchanged in the urine and 90% is excreted by the kidneys. The product is produced in powder in glass vials for the manufacture of liquid, with a volume of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 g.

Indications:

• sepsis;
• diseases of the urinary system;
• infectious pathologies of the osteoarticular system;
• gastrointestinal infections.

Contraindications for the remedy include allergy to the substances of the drug. Adults are prescribed the drug from 1-6 g per day. The maximum allowable dosage is no more than 6 g, for older people no more than 3 g. The medication is sold by prescription, the cost is from 164 rubles.

Operaz

Operaz belongs to the group of 1st generation cephalosporins. It has an antibacterial effect on harmful microorganisms. The drug acetylates transpeptidases and is quite effective against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.

Indications:

• infectious and inflammatory processes in the body;
• cholecystitis;
• peritonitis;
• meningitis;
• skin pathology;
• abdominal infections.

Contraindications:

• kidney and liver diseases;
• pregnancy;
• allergy to drug components.

The medication is prescribed to patients in a vein or muscle. Single dose from 1-4 g per day. The maximum dose for adults should be no more than 12 g. The medication can be bought in pharmacies with a prescription, the cost is from 30 rubles.

Kefotex

Kefotex is a medicine and belongs to the third generation cephalosporins. It has antibacterial action against harmful bacteria. The tool is effective against gram-positive microorganisms. The agent is rapidly absorbed in the human body and binds to blood proteins.

Indications:

• infectious and inflammatory pathologies of the body;
• sepsis;
• peritonitis;
• abdominal infections;
• infection of the urinary tract;
• pathology of joints and bones.

The medicine should be used by adults and children weighing more than 40 kg, 1-2 g every 4 hours. Contraindications include allergy to the substance of the drug. The medication can be bought in pharmacies with a prescription, the cost is from 30 rubles.

Substitutes for the original for children

Ceftriaxone is an antibiotic that can be used to treat even newborn babies. In this case, it is better to give preference to imported substitutes, since they rarely provoke adverse reactions and their development. These medicines include Azaran and Rocefin.

Only a specialist should choose a Ceftriaxone substitute for children. If the disease is mild or moderate, then it is possible to change the antibiotic to a medication of the same effect, but in the form of a suspension.

Which is better: Rocefin or Ceftriaxone

Rocefin is a foreign substitute with the same composition as Ceftriaxone, but produced by a Swiss company. Rocefin is produced in powder, which should be diluted for injection into a vein and muscle. Unlike Ceftriaxone, the package with Rocephin already contains 2% Lidocaine for dilution. There is also a solvent here, and for Ceftriaxone it must be purchased separately.

Also, after using Rocefin, adverse reactions rarely appear, although the list is more than that of Ceftriaxone.

The disadvantages include the high price of 400 rubles. for 1 bottle of 500 mg. Rocefin should not be used while carrying a baby.

The list of indications for the funds is the same, therefore, if required, they are interchangeable. Analogues of Ceftriaxone should be selected only by an experienced specialist, taking into account the severity of the disease.

Ceftriaxone is a unique drug that can be diluted with both lidocaine and water. It is not combined with other antimicrobial medicines and adversely affects the intestinal microflora.

Video about the drug Ceftriaxone

Instructions for use of the drug and its analogues: