Broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs for the treatment of adults, inexpensive for children in gynecology, for colds, pneumonia, bronchitis

Antibacterial drugs are considered one of the important groups of medicines with pronounced anti-inflammatory properties. Especially often they use drugs of a wide spectrum of action for the treatment of bacterial pathologies; they are prescribed for adults and children. Accurate adherence to the doctor's recommendations will help to get only benefit from the funds.

Principle and mechanism of action of broad spectrum antibacterial drugs

The principle of action of a wide range of agents is based on their ability not only to slow down the growth and development of pathogenic microbes, but also to disrupt metabolic processes in them, which leads to a rather rapid death of pathogens and an improvement in the patient's condition, a decrease in the risk of complications.

After the penetration of the funds inside, the components are absorbed in the blood and spread through the systemic circulation. Different drugs accumulate in tissues to varying degrees.

Some are concentrated mainly in soft tissues, others are found in greater quantities in synovial fluid. There are also antibiotics that concentrate in the bone tissue, while others accumulate more in the lungs.

There are also products that are intended for topical application and accumulate in the surface layers of the skin. That is why, when selecting a remedy, the localization of the focus of bacterial lesion is taken into account.

When using the funds, some features are noted:

• The drugs act on the membranes of bacteria, disrupt metabolic processes in them, which leads to the death of microorganisms.
• Against the background of the use of medications, the elimination of edema and inflammation is noted. When bacteria act on tissues, their condition worsens, therefore, cleansing the body of pathogens of the disease helps to eliminate concomitant deviations.
• Medicines also help prevent bacteria from re-growing within a short period of time.
• They act selectively, that is, they help to destroy specific types of pathogens of bacterial diseases. Many products do not have a negative effect on the intestinal and vaginal microflora. What is considered an advantage.

The drugs are able to concentrate in tissues for a short period, but they do not accumulate in the body and almost all are excreted within 1 day. This helps to avoid the development of an overdose, provided that it is used correctly.

After entering the bloodstream and providing a therapeutic effect, the funds are processed in the liver. Some of them are excreted by the kidneys in large quantities, others are evacuated with feces. It depends on the characteristics of the active ingredient in the composition. The action of different medications may differ depending on the characteristics of a particular patient.

Advantages and disadvantages

Antibacterial drugs of a wide spectrum (for the treatment of adults and children, different drugs are shown in depending on the specific disease) have one important advantage over narrowly targeted medicines.

They help to achieve a noticeable improvement within a few days and act on several groups of bacteria at once. Many agents are concentrated in different tissues and biological fluids, are rapidly metabolized, which increases their effectiveness.

The advantages include the ability to eliminate the manifestations of bacterial pathologies of different origins when using one drug. They are rather quickly processed and excreted from the body without accumulating in tissues, which eliminates the risk of developing severe complications when used in high doses.

A wide range of medicines are available in several forms for external and systemic use, which is also considered an advantage and allows in each case to choose the most suitable medication.

The drugs do not have a hepatotoxic effect as often as some narrowly targeted antibiotics, so they are allowed to be used for mild organ disorders. An additional advantage is the possibility of using many medicines for children from birth.

However, the funds also have disadvantages:

• Some medicines contain aggressive active ingredients that destroy not only pathogens, but also beneficial bacteria, provoking complications.
• When used in higher doses, medications can worsen the condition.
• Some medications should be used strictly in time, as the likelihood is significantly reduced.
• Bacteria develop resistance to many medicines, which can lead to a lack of therapeutic effect and aggravation of the condition.
• Many aggressive agents have a detrimental effect on the digestive tract and liver, and also have nephrotoxic properties.
• With repeated use of many drugs, minimal effectiveness is noted, therefore, the appointment of other drugs is required.

Disadvantages are not considered a reason for refusing treatment if necessary, but it is worth considering the peculiarities of different antibiotics.

Indications for use

Antibacterial drugs are prescribed for adults and children as needed.

A wide range of drugs are mainly used to treat various pathologies:

• Diseases of the brain and spinal cord of bacterial origin. With meningitis, as well as other disorders, drugs help prevent complications.
• Infectious and inflammatory pathologies of the heart. Myocarditis, pericarditis, and endocarditis are treated with different antibiotics.
• Diseases of the respiratory system, provoked by bacteria. With bronchitis, tuberculosis, pneumonia, pleurisy and abscess, no result can be achieved without antibacterial drugs.
• Digestive tract pathologies caused by various bacteria. In this case, antibiotics are not always used, but they are necessary for intestinal infections and some other conditions.
• Diseases of neurological origin, accompanied by bacterial complications.
• Inflammation of soft tissues, infected wounds, trophic ulcers.
• The recovery period after surgery on the internal organs. Drugs are needed to prevent complications.
• Diseases of the musculoskeletal system with involvement of bone and cartilaginous tissue in the pathological process. For arthritis, fractures, arthrosis, bursitis, tendovaginitis, funds are almost always used.
• Blood pathologies such as sepsis.
• Inflammatory diseases of the eyes, ear apparatus, maxillary sinuses.
• Violations of bacterial origin from the genitourinary system. Pyelonephritis, cystitis and urethritis are treated with antibiotics. They are prescribed for sexually transmitted diseases, for example, with gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis, syphilis.
• Bacterial diseases of the cavity, accompanied by inflammation and damage to the gums, mucous membranes, tongue.

With such pathologies, antibiotics are prescribed with different active ingredients, depending on the severity of the symptoms and the type of pathogen.

General contraindications

Each broad-spectrum medication has its own indications and contraindications.

But there are common barriers to prescribing drugs:

• Severe systemic fungal diseases, when antibiotics can provoke severe complications.
• Internal bleeding in the acute stage.
• Renal and hepatic failure in severe form and with acute disorders of the functioning of organs.
• Intolerance to the components of the composition of any agent or a tendency to similar manifestations in the patient's history.

Different medicines also have age restrictions. Many of them are prohibited from taking during lactation and pregnancy. With caution, all antibiotics are prescribed to elderly patients who suffer from chronic diseases.

Side effects

Antibacterial drugs of a wide spectrum (for the treatment of adults, potent medicines are often shown) often provoke complications from the side of internal organs and systems.

Organs and systems	Most common disorders
Nervous system	Headache and dizziness are common with antibiotics. Patients may be concerned about weakness, fatigue and sleep disturbance. The condition is aggravated by seizures and neurological disorders.
Vessels and heart	Arrhythmia and tachycardia when using antibiotics develops in most cases in patients who suffer from pathologies of the cardiovascular system. Sometimes there is an aggravation of the symptoms of chronic diseases.
Digestive tract	On the part of the digestive system, complications often occur when using oral dosage forms. Many antibiotics provoke diarrhea, inflammation of the intestinal and stomach mucous membranes. Often, treatment is accompanied by nausea and bouts of vomiting.
Genitourinary system	On the part of the genitourinary system, there is an increase in urination, pain in the kidney area, as well as a disorder of sexual function. In men, problems with potency are possible, in women, libido is weakened.
Sense organs	Deterioration of vision, hearing, flashing of flies in front of the eyes, loss of taste sensitivity and smell.
Skin and mucous membranes	Allergy is manifested by the standard symptoms of the skin in the form of a rash, burning and peeling. As the condition progresses, there is swelling of the mucous membranes of the mouth, eyes and nasal passages.

The severity of negative reactions in different cases and with the use of different medications may differ.

Overdose

Violation of the instructions often provokes complications in the form of an overdose, especially when used alone for a long period of time. The condition is accompanied by acute symptoms in the form of nausea, repeated vomiting throughout the day and indomitable diarrhea.

Overdose can provoke seizures, severe tachycardia and dehydration as a result of impaired absorption of fluid in the patient's digestive tract. From the side of the liver and kidneys, it is possible to disrupt the functioning of organs, as well as aggravate the symptoms of diseases of the cardiovascular system.

In case of an overdose, the allergy proceeds in an acute form, it can provoke Quincke's edema or acute urticaria. In this case, a threat to the patient's life appears.

Precautions and special instructions

Antibacterial drugs of a wide range (for the treatment of adults, the remedy is selected individually, taking into account the patient's condition) should be used only as directed by a specialist. When treating, it is important to adhere to the recommendations of a specialist, which will prevent serious complications.

During the period of use of many antibiotics, additional intake of bifidobacteria is required, which help to avoid the development of intestinal dysbiosis, diarrhea and inflammation of the mucous membranes of the organ.

Best Low Cost Broad Spectrum Antibacterials for Adults

Depending on the disease, specialists select different antibiotics of a wide spectrum for the patient, which allows for the greatest efficiency.

For colds, coughs, bronchitis

In the case of the development of bronchitis and cough of bacterial origin, effective antibiotics are prescribed.

For colds, they are not used, they are shown only in the case of bacterial complications:

• Augmentin available to patients in the form of tablets and lyophilisate for solution preparation. The product helps to kill most of the bacteria that provoke cough and bronchitis. Medication treatment lasts from 7 to 14 days. The patient receives 2 tablets of the medicine per day. When using a lyophilisate per day, you will need 2 bottles. The introduction is carried out in a stream after preliminary dissolution of the powder in 10-20 ml of sodium chloride. The drug is not prescribed during lactation and pregnancy, with renal and hepatic failure, intolerance to the components of the composition. Its price starts from 220 rubles.
• Ceftriaxone is available in the form of a powder for the preparation of a solution for parenteral administration. The agent is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The daily norm for a patient is 2-4 g, depending on the severity of the disease. The drug is not prescribed for children, patients with severe kidney and liver pathologies, people with allergies to the main component of the composition. Price - from 30 rubles.

Such funds can only be used as directed by a doctor.

With angina

When a patient has symptoms of sore throat, penicillin drugs are used, since they are considered the most effective in the fight against streptococcus, which provokes the disease.

Amoxicillin is available to patients in the form of capsules, tablets and suspensions. The latter dosage form is used to treat children. Adults usually receive capsules or tablets. The daily dosage of the drug is 1-2 g, depending on the degree of neglect of the condition. The medication is taken for at least 10 days.

It has contraindications:

• Hay fever.
• Allergic diathesis.
• Intolerance to the components of the composition.
• Respiratory viral diseases.
• Acute diseases of the digestive tract.
• Infectious mononucleosis.

The cost of the product is from 50 rubles.

Flemoxin solutab is also often prescribed for angina. The tablets are indicated for oral administration after preliminary dissolution in 100 ml of water. Take 1 tablet a day in the morning and in the evening. The treatment lasts 5 to 10 days. The drug is not prescribed for allergies to the composition, pregnancy and lactation. It is contraindicated in infectious mononucleosis and liver failure. Price - from 200 rubles.

With erysipelas

Antibacterial drugs of a wide spectrum (for the treatment of adults, drugs are prescribed that rarely provoke allergies) with erysipelas are used in a hospital setting.

• Lincomycin appoint courses for 7 days. The solution is administered intramuscularly from 3 times a day, 2 ml. The remedy is considered effective in combination with other medicines. It is not prescribed for lactating and pregnant women, patients with severe hepatic insufficiency. The price of the product is from 70 rubles.

  

• Erythromycin considered very effective, available in capsule form for oral administration. Helps to stop the progression of the disease and improve the condition almost immediately. The course of therapy with the drug lasts 5-10 days. During this period, the patient takes from 500 mg of the drug to 1 g per day. The tool is not used in case of intolerance to its components, severe kidney pathologies, during pregnancy.

With pneumonia

If pneumonia is diagnosed, potent antibiotics are used and administered parenterally, which enhances efficiency:

• Ceftazidime - powder for preparation of solution for intravenous administration. It is used in courses of 10-14 days. The daily dosage is 2-4 g. In the morning and in the evening, the patient receives an injection after preliminary dissolution of the powder in 10-20 ml of sodium chloride. The drug is contraindicated in pregnant and lactating women, patients with severe kidney and liver disorders. Its cost is from 40 rubles.
• Azithromycin also helps to quickly eliminate the symptoms of pneumonia. A medicine is produced in the form of a powder for the preparation of a solution and capsules for oral use. In a hospital setting, powder is usually prescribed. For 200 ml of sodium chloride, add 1-2 g of the agent, after which it is administered intravenously using a dropper. The tool is contraindicated in case of intolerance to its components. The price of the medicine is from 120 rubles.

These drugs are considered to be very effective and relatively safe.

With infections of the genitourinary system in men and women

Infectious pathologies of the genitourinary system are treated with antibiotics, which are concentrated in large quantities in the kidneys and bladder.

• Ciprofloxacin helps to improve the condition and quickly destroys all bacteria that provoke inflammation. It is produced in the form of tablets, which should be taken for at least 10 days in a row at a daily dosage of 1-2 g. The drug is not prescribed for allergies to its components, lactation and pregnancy. It is contraindicated in children and adolescents. The price starts from 40 rubles.
• Monural prescribed for severe cystitis, urethritis and pyelonephritis. A medicine is produced in the form of granules for the preparation of a suspension for oral administration. The medicine is dissolved in 150 ml of water before use.

Usually, to achieve a pronounced effect, 2 g of the agent is used once. If necessary, you can repeat the reception after 5-7 days. The drug is not prescribed for hypersensitivity to its components, for children under 5 years of age.

For acne

Zinerite is used to treat acne on the face. An external agent in the form of an ointment contains a broad-spectrum antibacterial component. The application continues for 2-4 weeks. The lesions are treated in the morning and in the evening after preliminary cleansing of the skin. The tool is not used in case of intolerance to its components. Price - from 700 rubles.

Benzamycin is a gel for external use that also contains a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent. The drug helps to eliminate acne and improve skin condition within 2 weeks. During this period, the affected area is treated 2-3 times. The product is not used for allergies to ingredients. Its price is approximately 600-900 rubles.

Such drugs are indicated only for bacterial origin of acne.

From sexually transmitted diseases

To destroy microbes that provoke venereal pathologies, the most effective means are used:

• Metronidazole used for various venereal pathologies. It comes in the form of tablets, suppositories, gel and cream for external use. The remedy is prescribed in courses of 10 days. Women take 2 tablets per day, and also 2 times a day, 1 suppository is injected into the vagina. Men also take pills in this dosage and additionally apply cream to the genitals in the morning and evening. The medicine is contraindicated in patients under 18 years of age, as well as pregnant and lactating women, patients with liver and kidney pathologies. Price - from 90 rubles.
• Metrogyl it is used for venereal pathologies of various origins and degrees of neglect. Tablets are taken 1 piece 2 times a day for 2 weeks. This is usually sufficient to obtain a therapeutic effect. The drug is not used for renal failure, lactation and bearing a child. Do not prescribe it for allergies to the constituent drugs. Medication price - from 200 rubles.

Preparations are selected taking into account the patient's condition and the characteristics of the pathology.

Which medications are suitable for children?

Children are also quite often prescribed broad-spectrum drugs for pathologies of the respiratory system and some other diseases. Usually antibiotics are prescribed in the form of a syrup, suspension. Sometimes pills are allowed.

The most effective remedies for children:

• Zinnat.
• Cefix
• Sumamed.
• Amoxicillin.

The dosage and duration of use depends on the disease and the degree of its neglect, as well as the age of the patient.

Antibacterial drugs are considered an important group of drugs. Medicines of a wide spectrum help to significantly improve the condition, are used to treat pathologies of inflammatory origin, and are indicated for adults and children. If used correctly, medications do not provoke complications.

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