1 Factors contributing to the formation of the disease and its form

The most common causes that cause a person to develop gangrenous-altered appendicitis are:

• age-related changes in the structure of the human circulatory system;
• presence of hypoplasia of the circulatory arteries, which are next to the appendix;the development of such a pathological process in most cases is observed in children who have an inborn form of hypoplasia;
• presence of blood clots in the circulatory system of the body( blood clots obstructing normal blood flow);
• the presence of such a disease as atherosclerosis of blood vessels and arteries, which are localized in the intestine;
• development in the human body of any infectious diseases.

Gangrenous appendicitis, depending on the stage of leakage, can take the following forms:

1. The phlegmonous form of the disease. Phlegmonous appendicitis is an intense accumulation of pus in the appendix, and is also characterized by the appearance of a strong swelling of the inflamed appendix. This form of gangrenous inflammation of the appendage of the cecum is formed a day after the onset of the disease.
   insta story viewer
2. Gangrenous-perforated appendicitis. This stage of the development of inflammation of the appendix is ​​the penetration of the affected necrosis of its wall, as a result of which its contents enter the abdominal cavity. There is an intoxication of the body. This process is called perforation.

If within 2 days after the onset of purulent inflammation in the appendix the patient did not pay attention to the characteristic manifestations of this pathological process and did not receiveappropriate medical care, then as a result of the progressive dying of the tissues of the appendix, acute gangrenous appendicitis is formed. The main feature of the acute form of the disease is that, due to necrosis of the appendix, the nerve endings in it lose their sensitivity, and the patient ceases to feel pain.

2 Symptoms accompanying the development of the disease

Clinical manifestations of gangrenous-altered appendicitis are ambiguous, which significantly complicates the diagnosis based on the symptoms accompanying the development of this pathological process. In addition, due to the death of tissues and cells of the inflamed appendage of the cecum, its nerve endings also die, which is characterized by a decrease in the intensity of the painful sensations typical for the disease, and in some cases, symptomatology may be completely absent.

In the initial stages of a purulent inflammation of the appendix in a human patient may experience the following signs of the disease:

• severe nausea, often accompanied by gagging, vomiting at the same time does not bring any relief of the human condition;
• feeling of constant weakness and general malaise;
• abdominal muscles are constantly in a stressed state;
• painful sensations on the right side of the ileum;with the pain syndrome occurs suddenly, and as a result of necrosis of the nerve endings of the appendix is ​​gradually fading or completely disappearing;
• absence of allocation of feces as a result of intestinal motility disorder;
• feeling chills;
• dryness of the mucous membranes and tongue, while the tongue can have a yellow tint;
• intoxication of the body, which manifests itself in the form of a significant increase in body temperature;However, in some cases, the temperature may remain normal or decrease slightly.

3 Treatment of

The presence of any kind of appendicitis in a person indicates the need for an operative intervention. Gangrenous form of inflammation of the appendix is ​​no exception. The procedure for performing a surgical procedure to remove an appendix can be as follows:

1. Classical operation. The classical method of appendectomy is performed by opening the abdominal cavity of the patient. After the removal of the appendix, the suture is inserted into the incision site. In the event that the contents of the inflamed appendix in the course of the surgical intervention have entered the cavity of the peritoneum, it is flushed and installed drainage.
2. A transluminal technique for performing a surgical procedure. This operation is characterized by the removal of the inflamed appendage of the cecum through the natural physiological apertures on the patient's body. Carrying out this kind of operation these days is used extremely rarely.
3. Laparoscopic method. When performing laparoscopic surgery in the wall of the abdominal cavity, a puncture is made, through which a surgical instrument with a camera is inserted, through which the appendix is ​​removed. Laparoscopic method of surgical intervention is the most safe and reduces the risk of intoxication of the body to a minimum.

After the surgery the patient is assigned a special recovery course, since removal of the gangrenous appendix is ​​quite a serious load for the human body. Postoperative course includes the following:

1. Controlling the general condition of the patient. This control includes conducting regular measurements of body temperature, washing drainage and changing body dressings, regular laboratory testing of blood samples.
2. Carrying out detoxification therapy.
3. Introduction, if necessary, of appropriate painkillers in the patient's body.
4. Massage and regular exercises in respiratory gymnastics. The intensity of performing such treatment procedures is selected individually for each patient and depends on the general condition of the person.

The patient is assigned an individual course of dietary nutrition, which allows to remove the load from the patient's gastrointestinal tract. During the first 24 hours after the operation, the patient is allowed to use only lean chicken or potato broth, as well as not strong herbal decoctions. After some time, the patient's diet gradually expands. However, throughout the whole dietary course, the patient should not eat spicy, greasy, smoked, fried foods and various alcoholic beverages.

Gangrenous appendicitis is a serious pathological process, the development of which can lead to the death of the patient. Therefore, when the first manifestations of this disease occur, it is necessary to consult a doctor as soon as possible.