Intravenous Petrov's mixture. Indications for use, composition, reviews

Petrov's mixture - saline solution, intended for intravenous infusion. The main indication for use is dehydration (regardless of the degree). A solution is prepared based on the drug of the same name, which is marketed in tablet form.

What helps Petrov's mixture

A mixture of Petrov intravenously (indications for use are prescribed in the instructions) is prescribed for dehydration.

Saline solution is administered by infusion to patients with severe intoxications and diseases of infectious etiology. Also, a mixture of Petrov is used for heavy bleeding (mainly internal). The drug is widely used in gastroentology.

The introduction of an infusion solution is indicated for the following diseases and conditions:

• hematomas formed after surgery, accompanied by profuse blood loss;
• severe, medium-severe traumatic brain injury;
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• calcium deficiency in the body;
• acute manifestations of allergies;
• vascular impermeability;
• inflammatory processes in the joints;
• meningitis of the bacterial type.

The drug is capable of exerting a hyperosmolar, hyperosmotic effect, therefore, its use is possible with hydrocephalus. A number of drugs can be dissolved in Petrov's mixture.

Contraindications

The mixture of Petrov intravenously (indications for use should be determined by the attending physician) is prohibited in some cases. The use of the drug is prohibited in case of exhaustion. Also, an absolute contraindication is the presence of an individual intolerance to the active or auxiliary component in the composition of the medication. Hypersensitivity is a relative limitation.

Are there any side effects?

A mixture of Petrov intravenously (indications for use include hypovolemia) rarely provokes side effects. If the individually selected dosage regimen is not followed, mild dyspeptic disorders may occur, which manifest themselves in the form of mild nausea.

Drugs used

The following groups of drugs can be included in the composition of drug therapy for various diseases, simultaneously with the Petrov mixture:

• Multivitamins. Vitamin-mineral complexes belong to the category of biologically active additives responsible for the supply of essential nutrients to the human body. The drugs compensate for the deficiency of micro-, macronutrients and vitamins.
• Sleeping and sedative medicines. Medicines in this category are able to regulate the process of excitation and inhibition of the receptors of the central nervous system. The drugs are responsible for restoring sleep and wakefulness.
• Chondroprotectors. Medicines help to restore articular and cartilage tissue in various diseases of the musculoskeletal system (osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis, arthrosis). Most drugs contain glucosamine and chondroitin.
• Muscle relaxants. This group includes drugs that are responsible for reducing the tone of muscle fibers and reducing motor activity. The principle of action is based on the ability to stop the supply of impulses to the muscles of the skeleton.
• Hormonal medications. The composition of drugs in this category usually contains hormone-like substances of synthetic origin (including hormonoids). The drugs exhibit the same pharmacological actions as natural hormones produced by the body's endocrine glands.
• NSAIDs. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can have anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. This category includes all kinds of non-hormonal analgesics.

Painkillers are also added to the Petrov mixture for intravenous administration (for example, Baralgin, Analgin).

Preparation and application

Petrov's mixture requires intravenous administration. The list of indications for use is quite extensive. It is not recommended to prepare the saline solution on your own at home.

It must contain the following components:

• concentrated blood;
• potassium chloride;
• calcium chloride.

The original drug is prescribed for various life-threatening conditions.

Algorithm for preparing a mixture of Petrov:

• sterile water (100 ml) is mixed with blood (no more than 10% of the total mass);
• the solution is poured into flasks and filtered;
• the finished product is sterilized.

At home, such a procedure is quite difficult to carry out, therefore, Petrov's tablets are used to prepare the mixture. The active ingredient is isosorbide mononitrate.

The auxiliary elements include:

• titanium dioxide and silicon;
• iron oxide;
• magnesium salts of stearic acid;
• hypromellose.

Petrov's tablet is dissolved in 100 ml of injection water.

The solution can be administered:

• intravenous stream;
• intravenous drip;
• intracardiac.

It is strictly forbidden to use Petrov's mixture for medicinal purposes at home. The introduction of the solution is carried out only in a hospital.

Analogs

The original drug is currently not on sale.

A number of structural analogs can be purchased that have a therapeutic effect similar to Petrov's mixture:

Name	Price
Sodium chloride	From 35 rubles.
Physiodose	From 160 rubles.
Ringer's solution	From 60 rubles.
Calcium chloride	From 45 rub.

The table shows the approximate cost of medicines. The price may vary depending on the method of selling the drug and the location of the outlet.

Sodium chloride

The drug is marketed in the form of a colorless, completely transparent solution. It contains injection water and sodium chloride. The medication belongs to the category of dehydrating, plasma-substituting drugs. Sodium chloride is characterized by a detoxification effect. The active ingredient is responsible for replenishing sodium deficiency in the body in life-threatening conditions. The drug has many absolute contraindications for use.

These include:

• simultaneous use of solution and glucocorticosteroids in shock doses;
• preeclampsia;
• nephrosclerosis;
• renal artery stenosis;
• cirrhosis;
• heart failure;
• peripheral and central edema;
• hyperkalemia;
• edema of the lungs and brain;
• intracellular dehydration;
• hyperhydration;
• hypokalemia;
• hyperglycemia;
• hypernatremia.

Women during the period of gestation and breastfeeding require careful use of the drug. The rate of administration of the solution and the dose should be selected individually, depending on the general well-being of the patient, his body weight and age. The solution must be heated to a comfortable temperature (no more than 38 ° C).

If the individually selected dosage regimen is not followed, the risk of side effects is high:

• on the part of the hematopoietic organs - hypokalemia, overhydration, acidosis;
• on the part of the immune system - various allergic reactions (itching, rash, chills, urticaria).

Minor hematomas may form at the injection site.

An independent increase in the therapeutic dose is fraught with the development of overdose symptoms, which manifest themselves in the form of:

• spikes in blood pressure;
• peripheral edema;
• increased sweating, lacrimation and salivation;
• pain in the peritoneal region;
• diarrhea and vomiting.

If the daily norm is exceeded 5 times or more, then the risk of respiratory arrest, coma and, accordingly, the death of the patient is high.

Ringer's solution

The colorless transparent solution contains several active components:

• calcium chloride;
• potassium chloride;
• sodium chloride.

Auxiliary elements include water for injection, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid.

Ringer's solution is responsible for restoring electrolyte balance. The active ingredients are characterized by a detoxification effect. Ringer's solution helps to thin and increase blood volume, simultaneously removing toxins and poisons from the body. The therapeutic effect is short-term. It persists for 35-45 minutes.

The instructions for use prescribe the following indications:

• metabolic alkalosis accompanied by dehydration;
• intestinal obstruction;
• intestinal fistula;
• acute peritonitis;
• intoxication of varying severity, manifested by uncontrolled vomiting, diarrhea;
• injuries sustained during exposure to electricity;
• frostbite;
• burns;
• shock;
• collapse.

Ringer's solution is strictly prohibited to use under the following conditions:

• hyperkalemia;
• hyponatremia;
• acidosis;
• hypercalcemia;
• heart failure;
• chronic kidney disease;
• edema of the lungs and brain.

Also, absolute contraindications include the individual intolerance of auxiliary or active components in the composition of Ringer's solution. According to reviews, the drug is well tolerated by patients, side effects are rare and appear in the form of hydration and local allergic reactions (itching, urticaria, hyperemia).

The introduction of the solution is carried out mainly by jet or drip. The rate of administration and dose of the drug is selected individually, depending on the patient's condition and age. Children are injected no more than 10 ml / kg, adults - from 20 ml / kg.

Calcium chloride

The active ingredient in the composition of the injection solution is the substance of the same name - calcium chloride. The drug is characterized by hemostatic, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and detoxification effects. After the first application, the capillary permeability decreases. Also, the active ingredient is characterized by a slight diuretic effect. It is commonly used as an antihistamine and hemostatic agent.

Indications for use prescribed in the instructions:

• intoxication caused by ingestion of oxalic, fluoric acid and magnesium salt;
• profuse and minor bleeding (mainly internal);
• acute allergic reactions;
• stimulation of labor;
• parenchymal, toxic hepatitis;
• eczema and psoriasis;
• tetany;
• pulmonary tuberculosis;
• renal colic;
• eclampsia;
• hemorrhagic vasculitis;
• nephritis;
• hypocalcemia;
• pleurisy;
• endometritis;
• adnexitis;
• hypoparathyroidism;
• Quincke's edema;
• hives;
• bronchial asthma;
• alimentary edema;
• rickets;
• osteomalacia;
• postmenopausal hypocalcemia.

Calcium chloride can be prescribed for intestinal, gastric, nasal, pulmonary and uterine bleeding.

It is forbidden to use the solution under the following conditions and diseases:

• sarcoidosis;
• severe forms of renal failure;
• nephrolithiasis;
• thrombophlebitis;
• hypercoagulation;
• individual intolerance or hypersensitivity;
• atherosclerosis;
• ventricular fibrillation;
• hypercalcemia;
• thrombosis;
• hyperkalemia (regardless of origin).

  

Side effects are manifested in the form of necrosis at the injection site, bradycardia, arrhythmias and surges in blood pressure. The solution is administered by infusion, slowly, drip, over 5-8 minutes. Therapeutic dose for children - no more than 10 ml once, for adults - no more than 15 ml once.

It is rather difficult to find a mixture of Petrov (solution for intravenous administration) in a pharmacy. There are other drugs on sale that have indications for use similar to the original. Medication should be prescribed by the attending physician after a thorough examination of the patient.

Mix videos

What droppers are prescribed for: