Cystitis is an inflammation of the bladder in men, in which lesions affect the mucous membranes and lead to micturition disorders. The disease is very rare in men and usually affects patients older than 40 years of age. This atypical disease for male patients is associated with the characteristics of the genito-urinary system of the stronger sex: a bent, narrow and long urethra is a natural barrier to infection when it ascends to the bladder.
Causes of developing cystitis
At a young age, men should adhere to the rules of intimate hygiene to avoid the development of inflammation. To men of mature age( to whom for 40) it is necessary to be afraid of pathologies of a genitourinary sphere of a various etiology, so often becoming the reasons of development of a cystitis. Usually the inflammatory process in the bladder begins against the background of ascending infectious diseases from the testes, epididymis, prostate and urethra.
When a patient is concerned about genitourinary diseases, in which urethral constriction is observed, urinary stagnation develops, which is a provoking factor for cystitis. Sometimes such a phenomenon is associated with artificial barriers such as emerging stones, foreign bodies, etc. But more often inflammation develops due to oncological formations, adenomas of the prostate, diverticula, etc.
Due to the peculiarities of the structure of the male genitourinary system, the inflammation of the urinary bladder in men is almost never independentpathological condition, most often developing against the background of vesiculitis, urethritis or prostatitis. The main causative agents of cystitis are candida fungi, pseudomonas aeruginosa or E. coli, staphylococci. Sometimes the causes of male cystitis are caused by STIs like mycoplasma, chlamydia, trichomoniasis or gonorrhea.
When the lesions are associated with a descending mechanism, kidney tuberculosis or pyelonephritis is the cause of cystitis. Even pathologies like tonsillitis, sinusitis and influenza, the foci of which are located in comparative distance from the genitourinary organs, are able to cause hematogenous development of inflammation. That is why almost any infection can cause cystitis.
An infection can occur in the bladder when a catheter or cystoscopy is inserted. Constant stress, lack of sleep, reduced immune defense, hypothermia, diabetes, trauma - all this can also affect the development of inflammation in the bladder in a man. Often, the causes of cystitis are associated with surgery on the abdominal cavity, bladder, or with the removal of the prostate, cancer, etc.
Symptoms of the disease
When the first symptoms appear, you need to consult a doctor, because timely treatment begins to reduce the treatment process. The following specific signs indicate the development of the inflammatory process in the genitourinary sphere:
- Rezi, tenderness in urination in the groin area, in the urethra and penis, scrotum and above the pubis;
- Urine acquires a muddy residue, it appears bloody veins;
- Acute form of inflammation is accompanied by frequent urge to go to the toilet, especially at night;
- Cystitis often accompanied by chills, febrile condition, chronic fatigue;
- The amount of urinary dose significantly decreases( 15-20 ml);
- Urinary incontinence;
- The symptoms of pyuria( impurities of pus in the urine) and leukocyturia( the presence of a large number of leukocytes in the urine), hematuria( blood in the urine) are typical for inflammation of the bladder membrane;
- Severe inflammatory forms are accompanied by signs of intoxication like oliguria( a decrease in the daily urine rate), high febrile temperature;
- Urine gets putrid smell, a part of the bladder mucosa.
Identical symptoms are also observed in the chronic course of cystitis, but they are less pronounced and are unstable.
Treatment of pathology
At occurrence of even one of the specified signs to the man it is necessary to address to the urologist without any delay. After the analysis of the anamnesis and diagnostic procedures treatment is appointed. If the pathology has an acute course, accompanied by a persistent delay in urination and intense pain, which even pain medication can not cope with, the patient is prescribed inpatient treatment.
Patients are shown bed rest with an acute course of the inflammatory process. At high temperature, take antipyretic drugs, it is recommended to drink more liquid, and from the diet, you need to exclude sour, sharp and salty foods. When diagnosing specialists identify the causative agent of cystitis and determine its response to certain antibiotic drugs. After that, the patient is prescribed antimicrobial agents from cephalosporins, nitrofurans( Furadonin) or fluoroquinolones( Tsiprolet, Nolitsin, Tsifran, Normaks, etc.).
In the treatment of inflammatory processes in the bladder, the man is additionally assigned anti-inflammatory and diuretic preparations on a plant basis like Phytolysin, Cyston or Kanefron. To stop the pain, it is recommended to take NSAIDs and antispasmodics( Nimesil, Diclofenac, Papaverin or No-Shpa).
If the development of inflammation was promoted by sexual infection, the therapy is initially directed to its elimination, and then cystitis is treated. A similar picture is the treatment and with other accompanying pathologies: first eliminates the root cause of cystitis, and then the inflammation itself. Quite effective therapeutic procedures like novocaine blockade or antiseptic washing of the bladder.
After removal of an acute attack of cystitis, physiotherapeutic procedures are prescribed: magnetotherapy, electrophoresis, mud therapy, laser therapy, ultrasound, UHF and so on. During the period of treatment, it is recommended that the patient refrain from sexual intercourse.
Diet for cystitis
Special attention is paid to the diet of the patient, which should be gentle. The diet is based on products with a diuretic effect like cucumbers, watermelons, pumpkins, melons, etc. Dairy products, whole wheat bread, cereals and cereals are recommended. Ample drinking is very useful in the treatment of inflammation.
But about fast food and chocolate, fatty and fried, salty and sour food, alcoholic drinks, coffee and soda are highly recommended to forget.
Possible complications of
If the necessary treatment has not been provided on time, or the therapy has not been matched correctly, the disease can turn into serious complications, among which pyelonephritis leads. This complication can result in complete renal dysfunction followed by urosepsis, which usually ends very sadly.
Prevention of inflammation
Primary preventive measures of cystitis should be aimed at eliminating the existing in the body of chronic infectious foci. Also, men are advised to avoid possible hypothermia. An excellent preventive measure is a periodic examination of the genitourinary system.
It should immediately begin therapeutic measures to eliminate diseases of the prostate, kidney or urethra, which cause stagnation of the urine leading to infections. It is also recommended to follow the rules of intimate hygiene, to avoid unprotected sex and strengthen the body's immune defenses.
