In conditions that are accompanied by anxiety, panic disorders, neurotic states and neuroses, usually treatment is performed with the use of tranquilizers( anxiolytics).
One of these drugs is Lorazepam. This drug belongs to the group of benzodiazepine tranquilizers, has a wide impact on the nervous system and mental state of the patient, quickly eliminates anxiety symptoms, but has a lot of contraindications and side effects.
Contents
- Drug formulation group based on Lorazepam
- Form release and components of
- Pharmacological profile
- Pharmacokinetic properties
- At what indications are assigned
- Contraindications and limitations for admission
- Tactics and treatment strategy
- Overdose cases and side effects
- Disposal syndrome
- Practical experience with
- Review of the doctor
- Opinion of patients
- Price of medication and its analogues
Group of drugs based on Lorazepam
Toppe analog preparations with the active substance Lorazepam, except for the drug itself, include the following:
- Laurent;
- Laurafen;
- Merlit;
- Loriwan;
- Trapex;
- Apo-Lorazepam;
- U-pan;
- Calmeze.
Form release and component parts
Medicines Lorazepam, Laurafen, Trapex and other analogs are available in the form of tablets, which are placed in blisters of 10 pieces. On sale is found in a cardboard box. Dosage can be different - 1 mg, 2 mg and 5 mg.
Also some analogues are produced in the form of a solution for intravenous or intramuscular administration.
The main component of all agents alone:
- contains active substance lorazepam, it can be in different dosages - 1 mg, 2 mg and 5 mg;
- contains the main substance lorazepam with a dosage of 4 mg and 8 mg.
Pharmacological profile
The drug Lorazepam refers to tranquilizers of the benzodiazepine series. Has a hypnotic, soothing, miorelaxing, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant effect.
The mechanism of the drug effect is to enhance the inhibitory effect of the GABA mediator on the process of impulses transfer along the nerve roots.
Medication has a stimulating effect on the structure of benzodiazepine receptors of the allosteric center. In addition, the drug reduces the state of excitability of the brain structures, and also suppresses the effect of spinal, polysynaptic reactions.
The anxiolytic effect of the drug is due to the influence on the structure of the amygdala complex in the limbic system, which as a result leads to a decrease in emotional tension, suppression of feelings of anxiety and anxiety and a sense of fear.
The sedative effect is due to the effect on non-specific thalamus nuclei, as well as the reticular formation of the brainstem. All this leads to a decrease in the severity of symptoms.
Sleeping effect is due to the suppression of cells of the reticular formation inside the brain stem.
Due to the fact that presynaptic suppression is performed during the application of this agent, an anticonvulsant effect is achieved. The drug does not relieve the excitement in the hearth, but it suppresses the process of spreading the activity of the epileptogenic type.
The miorelascent effect of the drug is carried out by suppression of the spinal polysynaptic, afferent inhibitory pathways. In addition, in some cases, there is a direct suppression of motor nerve activity, the activity of the muscular system.
Properties of pharmacokinetics
During the use of the drug Lorazepam, its slow absorption from the gastrointestinal tract is observed. The bioavailability level is almost 90%.The degree of maximum concentration is reached within two hours. The concentration depends on the dosage.
The active substance of the drug is rapidly metabolized in the liver, while during this process the formation of the main inactive metabolite, lorazepam glucuronide, is observed. The complete elimination period is achieved in 24-36 hours.
At what indications are assigned
Medication Lorazepam is recommended for use in the following diseases and disorders of the nervous system:
- in conditions of psychoactive nature;
- in the treatment of extreme nervous tension and anxiety;
- during schizophrenic conditions;
- symptoms of VSD;
- for relief of asthenia;
- if there are psychosomatic disorders;
- in the state of insomnia, which appeared due to stress and heightened anxiety;
- for the treatment of epileptic conditions( in these cases, the drug is used as part of a comprehensive treatment);
- is used for panic disorders;
- for alcoholic delirium, while the drug is used in combination therapy;
- during depressive conditions, in which there are signs of anxiety( used with extreme caution!);
- for headaches accompanied by increased muscular tension;
- is used during disorders with a manic and catatonic character;
- for the removal of neurosis-like conditions and neuroses, in which tension and anxiety are observed;
- for the purpose of arresting a panic attack;
- to prevent nausea and vomiting that occur with chemotherapy.
Contraindications and restrictions for the administration of
Lorazepam and other similar preparations based on it should not be used in the presence of the following conditions:
- if there is an increased sensitivity to the constituents of the drug;
- in the presence of intoxication in acute form;
- with angle-closure glaucoma;
- if there are depressive neuroses;
- during lactation;
- with myasthenia gravis;
- should not be used by women during childbearing;
- is not recommended for use in children younger than 12 years of age.
With special care, the drug is used in the following conditions:
- during liver damage;
- heart failure;
- during hypotension;
- for multiple sclerosis;
- with reduced body weight.
Tactics and treatment strategy
Tablets are taken three times a day. Dosage at one time should be 1 mg. During the use of the medicine, 
is washed down with a sufficient amount of water.
For a hypnotic effect the drug is applied for half an hour before sleep, the dosage is 1-2 mg. During a state of increased anxiety, excitability, the drug is taken at 6 mg per day.
During premedication, the medication is prescribed one hour before the surgery. The dosage of the drug should be 2.5-5 mg.
During use in a convulsive syndrome, drug withdrawal should be slow. The treatment period with this violation is about a week.
During intramuscular or intravenous use, the maximum dose at a time should be 50 μg per kilogram. Multiplicity and the course of application should be prescribed by the attending physician depending on the patient's condition. The total single dose for IV and / or IM should not exceed 4 mg.
Cases of overdose and side effects of
The following unpleasant reactions may occur during application of an increased dose of the drug:
- stun status;
- reduced reactions;
- appearance of paradoxical stimulation;
- can be confused;
- state of increased drowsiness;
- symptoms of tremor;
- suppression of nervous, respiratory systems;
- lowering of blood pressure.
The following adverse reactions can occur with the use of Lorazepam medicament:
- nervous system disorders - ataxia, decreased emotions, decreased attention level, rapid fatigue,
increased drowsiness, - in rare cases, extrapyramidal disorders, confusion, mood suppression, various paradoxical reactions; - visual impairment of ;
- neutropenia ;
- disorders of digestive organs - the occurrence of jaundice, dry mouth, upset of the stool;
- problems in the genitourinary system - the state of dysmenorrhea, decreased libido, impaired hepatic system, problems with urination.
If the medication is used for breast-feeding a child, the active substance will have tetratogenic effect on the child, as a result of this, the sucking reflex in the child decreases, and breathing is disturbed.
Syndrome of withdrawal
With the abrupt withdrawal of medication, the following unpleasant symptoms may appear:
- a feeling of fear;
- dysphoria;
- myalgia;
- increased sweating;
- tremor.
Practical experience with the use of
Professional opinion and feedback from patients who took Lorazepam or its analogues.
Review of the doctor
Merlit, U-pan, Calmeze, Laurent, Laurafen and other analogues based on Lorazepam belong to a group of tranquilizers that have an anticonvulsant, soothing, miorelaxing effect on the body.
This group of drugs must be used during various disorders of the nervous system - with neuroses, depressive states, stress, schizophrenic and epileptic conditions, as well as in some other disorders.
The use of these drugs can quickly restore the nervous system, as well as relieve unpleasant mental disorders. But before using these medications it is worth consulting with a doctor, as they have numerous side effects and contraindications.
Doctor therapist
The opinion of patients
Not long ago, I began to overcome neurotic reactions, I just did not know what to do. Against the backdrop of these constant nerves, I was constantly harassed by panic attacks, inexplicable fear arose, and serious problems arose with sleep.
In the end, my husband took me to see a therapist. After the examination, I was prescribed a course of treatment, which included taking the drug Laurafen. I applied it according to the instructions for 10 days. After that, my condition completely normalized. Feelings of anxiety, fear disappeared. Now I live a full life.
Olesya, 38 years old
Due to the fact that I have nervous work, I often have to deal with a strong nervous strain. As a result, I have strong depressive conditions, neuroses, anxiety. In addition, insomnia and inexplicable tremor. All this gives a strong discomfort. In these situations, I take Merlit.
I take it for a week, usually this period is enough to remove all the unpleasant symptoms. True, at first there were unpleasant side effects - dizziness, nausea, vision problems.
Victoria, 29 years
Price of medication and its analogues
The price of the drug Lorazepam and medicines based on it lies in the range from 110 to 300 rubles, there are also available analogues for the effect on the body:
- Helex;
- Sibazon;
- Relanium;
- Nozepam;
- Tazepam;
- Xanax;
- Elenium;
- Alprazolam;
- Diazepam;
- Grandaxin.
