1 Basic information about the disease

Stomach is a place for digesting food. Its volume in an adult is about 2-3 liters. The food enters the stomach through the esophagus, where it is disassembled into components: proteins, carbohydrates and fats. When the body needs food, it gives a signal, and the amount of hydrochloric acid that helps to break down food increases. The speed of this process is different: carbohydrates are completely processed in 2 hours, whereas a similar process for fats takes up to 5 hours.

The deterioration of the stomach, in which it practically ceases to digest food, is called dyspepsia and can be accompanied by unpleasant sensations: bouts of nausea, heaviness in the stomach and a feeling of overcrowding.

Symptoms of dyspepsia can manifest as follows:

• feels fullness in the stomach;
• bloating, raspiranie;
• symptoms of peptic ulcer: vomiting, nausea, heartburn, "hungry" pain;
• belching;
• after eating can cause burning in the chest;
• severity and pain in the upper abdomen, not related to food intake;
• pain in the upper spine;
• sometimes causes vomiting, causing relief for a short period;
• impaired appetite, rapid saturation( associated with undigested food in the stomach).

The disease can develop in many ways: by ulcerative, dyskinetic or nonspecific variant. The diskinetic variant assumes the appearance of a feeling of rapid saturation, overcrowding, discomfort. With ulcers, there are signs of peptic ulcer, ie, eructation, "hungry" or nocturnal pain, heartburn. Nonspecific variant combines the signs of both ulcerative and dyskinetic course of the disease.

2 Causes of the occurrence of

The most common causes of dyspepsia are malnutrition and lack of a culture of eating. Snacks in the dry, in a state of constant stress and haste will certainly affect your health. The selection of products may affect the functioning of the stomach. There are a number of products that, depending on the individual characteristics of the person, the stomach does not perceive.

Discomfort can occur from oily, heavy or too spicy food. Problems can deliver alcohol, as it stimulates the production of hydrochloric acid, thereby increasing the load on the walls of the stomach.

In some cases, dysfunction of the stomach can be caused by hormonal failure - this phenomenon is often observed in pregnant women. Finally, the secretion of gastric juice can be a consequence of disorders of the secretory glands.

In some cases, poor health may occur in the morning. This suggests that the person is abusing late meals. Like all human organs, the stomach should have time for rest.

Allocate other causes of dyspepsia:

• decrease in metabolism;
• appearance of bacterial colonies in the gastric mucosa;
• insufficient concentration of gastric juice;
• gastritis.

Regardless of the reasons why the stomach does not digest food, it is necessary to urgently begin treatment and seriously revise the diet and selection of foods.

3 Types and forms of the disease

There are two main groups of the disease: organic and functional. Organic dyspepsia is a syndrome in which there are no serious violations of the structure of the digestive system, only functional, that is, associated with the work of the organs. Functional dyspepsia is characterized by the appearance of structural pathological changes in the digestive tract. In this case, the symptoms will be observed more brightly and for a long time.

The main types of disease are determined depending on the reasons that triggered their occurrence.

Dyspepsia caused by intestinal infections can be of several kinds:

• salmonellosis - characterized by fever, up to 39 ° C, the appearance of vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness and headache;
• dysentery - usually affects the large intestine, the main manifestation is a stool with an admixture of blood;
• intoxication - develops as a result of poisoning with influenza, acute infectious diseases, poisoning with poisons.

Dyspepsia associated with a deficiency of digestive enzymes may be of the following types:

• gastrogenic;
• is hepatogenic;
• is pancreatic;
• is enterogenic.

Alimentary dyspepsia is caused by an abnormal way of life and has 3 subspecies, characterized by an excess of any component.

Putrefaction develops when you consume too much carbohydrate-containing foods, that is, meat, fish, eggs predominate in the diet. Perhaps the development of the disease due to eating stale meat products.

Fat dyspepsia is caused by an excess in the diet of fats, especially refractory - lamb or pork fat.

The fermentation form is caused by an excess of carbohydrate-containing foods in the diet, such as bread, legumes, cabbage, sugar and some others, as well as fermented beverages( beer and kvass are included).

4 Diagnosis methods

Discontinuation of digestion of food in the stomach can be a symptom of another, more serious disease, so when symptoms appear it is worthwhile to see a doctor.

First of all, the doctor conducts an anamnesis. It is necessary to describe all the complaints as accurately as possible: how long and how much pain is disturbed when they appear, whether there is heartburn, whether there are other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

After this, the doctor can prescribe both instrumental and laboratory tests.

Instrumental studies may include ultrasound and computed tomography. With the help of electro gastroenterography, abnormalities of gastric motility, that is, his ability to promote the food mass, are revealed. If suspected of more serious diseases( tumors), the patient may be assigned radiography. The inner surface of the stomach is analyzed using an endoscope, often with a simultaneous biopsy. There are tests for the presence of Helicobacter pylori.

Laboratory tests include biochemical blood analysis, stool analysis for the presence of dietary fiber and latent blood.

5 Medical measures

If the violation of digestion in the stomach is caused by the development of another disease( influenza and other viral diseases, ulcer, gastritis, pancreatic diseases, duodenitis, etc.), it is he who is treated first.

For the treatment of directly indigestion in the stomach, the patient is prescribed medicines of different directions. For constipation, the patient is prescribed a laxative, but not for a constant intake - only until the chair is normalized. If diarrhea is observed, the patient should take antidiarrheal drugs.

Patient prescribed some drugs designed to eliminate the main symptoms of the disease:

1. Enzyme - improve digestion, stomach and duodenum.
2. Proton pump blockers - appointed with increased acidity of the stomach, manifested in the form of heartburn and acidic eructation.
3. Gistaminoblokatory - drugs that can reduce the acidity of the stomach, but have a weaker action than blockers of the proton pump.
4. Anesthetic - antispasmodics, which reduce pain in the abdomen.

Non-drug treatment consists of simple measures. After eating, you are advised to walk for at least 30 minutes. At the time of treatment, the load on the press is excluded: twisting, lifting or tilting of the trunk.

Since one of the reasons that poorly digested food is an improper diet, it is wise to try to improve the condition with the help of a diet. Therefore, at least for the period of treatment it is necessary to refuse fast food, fried, fatty, semi-finished products, since all of these products have a large number of simple fats.

It is important to have a positive attitude - it helps to improve the production of gastric juice. Therefore, during meals, you do not need to dive into gloomy thoughts or be distracted by watching TV, reading a newspaper and watching news on the Internet.

The main rule is to seriously revise the diet. It is important to give preference to natural and high-quality food. If the stomach does not take any food, then it is possible to switch to a separate diet, since a diet selected in accordance with the rules allows to relieve the digestive system and determine a product that is not perceived by the gastrointestinal tract.

Separate power supply implies following several rules. The main thing - you can not mix carbohydrates and proteins in one meal, as different concentrations of gastric juice are needed for their processing. In this case, fats are allowed to combine with both proteins and carbohydrates.

It is important not to mix food, for digestion which is spent a different amount of time. For example, nuts must be digested longer, so do not eat them at the same time as orange.

Fluids also need to be more careful. Do not drink hot coffee or tea immediately after eating. To avoid problems, drink water 15 minutes before meals and at least an hour after eating.