1 Stages of the disease

There is a hereditary predisposition to hemorrhoids. In addition, hemorrhoids contribute to:

• excessive weight, obesity;
• sedentary work, sedentary lifestyle;
• intensive physical work;
• chronic stress;
• infectious bowel disease;
• stool disorders, constipation and diarrhea;
• nutrition with a large number of foods that irritate the rectum;
• excessive intake of alcohol and caffeine;
• insufficient venous blood supply to the lower body, violation of venous outflow from the organs of the small pelvis and rectum;
• tumors and inflammatory processes in the intestine.

Hemorrhoids in men often combine with the inflammatory process in the prostate gland, so men should go with hemorrhoids to the urologist and proctologist.

In women, hemorrhoids occur especially often during pregnancy, just like varicose veins in the lower half of the body. To prevent hemorrhoids from affecting the course of labor, you need to consult with a gynecologist about this. What manifestations can a person suspect of hemorrhoids? There are 4 stages of this disease.

1. The first stage, the easiest. Affected internal, deeply located venous vessels. Outwardly, the violation is imperceptible, the patient does not experience any unpleasant sensations. On the inside of the rectum begins the formation of hemorrhoids. As the condition worsens, there is itching in the anus, discomfort during defecation. It is only a proctologist who can detect hemorrhoids at an early stage. Treatment proceeds painlessly and quickly, with the help of sclerotherapy or photocoagulation.
2. The second stage. The victim complains of burning and itching in the anogenital area, the appearance of difficulty and soreness in defecation. On toilet paper and underwear, blood from anal fissures or injuries of hemorrhoids can appear. The nodes begin to bulge, the external manifestations of hemorrhoids a person can detect independently. As the disease worsens, the nodes fall out when defecating. Emptying the bowels is accompanied by pain, separation of blood and mucus. These symptoms may indicate not only hemorrhoids, but also cancer of the rectum, proctitis, polyposis of the intestine. What is the name of the doctor who treats all diseases of the rectum? Proctologist, and according to the new medical terminology, the coloproctologist. After diagnosis, if a tumor has been found, the surgeon or oncologist will need help. Conservative methods of treatment of the second stage of hemorrhoids include ligation and sclerotherapy.
3. The third stage of hemorrhoids. The more veins sag, the stronger the knots protrude. At the third stage, the knot can be adjusted only with the help of hands, just so it does not retract. With physical exertion, for example, when lifting a heavy object, the nodes fall out and create a lot of inconvenience. Defecation is accompanied by pain, bleeding, and after defecation, the patient suffers from burning, rubbing and discomfort in the rectum. Conservative treatment, which is carried out by the proctologist, can no longer help at this stage. What is the name of the doctor who treats the external hemorrhoids? Surgeon-proctologist. He performs a resection of the nodes, an operation to remove all pathologically deformed parts of the rectum.
4. The last stage of hemorrhoids. Nodes fall out at the slightest tension of the abdominal press. Do not even twist the knots. In the venous vessels, thrombi form, clogging of small vessels, dying tissue.

Hemorrhoids is a progressive disease, without treatment, every victim with individual speed moves in the direction of the 4th stage. To avoid adverse effects, you need to contact a coloproctologist who treats hemorrhoids. How is hemorrhoids treated at each stage, is it possible to use the methods of traditional medicine?

2 Incorrect actions and complications of

You can not use any means for treating hemorrhoids that contain irritating and corrosive substances of the rectal mucosa. Among the recipes of folk medicine are many dangerous and harmful:

• can not be introduced into the rectum of an economic and any other soap;
• it is impossible to do enemas from vodka, tinctures of medicinal plants and other solutions containing alcohol;
• can not be used for lubricating the juice of onions, garlic, hot pepper tincture;
• it is undesirable to inject into the rectum cucumbers, carrots and other vegetables: there will not be any benefit for the treatment of varicose veins;
• it's completely pointless to apply raw potatoes, leaves of burdock and other plants to the hemorrhoids.

Folk recipes have received their wide distribution among illiterate people because of their cheapness. At the moment, pharmacology provides many inexpensive, very effective and safe drugs against hemorrhoids. And those patients who rub the anus with onion juice and hot pepper come to the ambulance with burns of the rectal mucosa. Corrosive substances cause severe pain and do not give any progress in recovery. If there is hemorrhoids, which doctor will choose a quality treatment? Only the coloproctologist. Wrong treatment of hemorrhoids leads to the following complications:

1. Thrombosis of veins. The veins sag, blood stagnates in the places of protrusion of the walls, which quickly folds. Blood clots block blood clots. The surrounding tissues begin to experience oxygen starvation. There is an acute inflammatory process. Dying of tissues begins without immediate qualified help.
2. Eczema and ulcers. Necrotic changes lead to the appearance of wounds on the mucosa and on the skin in the anogenital region. Ulcers for a long time heal, cause excruciating pain and serve as an open gate for infection.
3. Fistulas in the anogenital area. The inflammatory process proceeds with the separation of pus. For the exit of pus from the deep layers of tissues, fistulas are formed, through which pus flows out under pressure. Chronic and non-healing fistulas cause wild pain in the affected person.

To protect yourself from these extremely unpleasant consequences, you need to visit a medical facility on time. Which doctor to go to if hemorrhoids are already in the advanced stage? The coloproctologist will help. How does the doctor treat hemorrhoids?

3 Treatment measures and recovery

In 1-2 stages, it is still possible to do without an operation. To enable the patient to empty the bowel without pain and discomfort, rectal suppositories are prescribed. All drugs for hemorrhoids can be divided into 3 groups according to the active ingredient:

1. Anesthetic candles. Contain lidocaine, anesthesin, benzocaine, neomycin. Eliminate burning, irritation and itching, relieve painful sensitivity. The use of candles with lidocaine should not exclude the right diet. For victims of hemorrhoids, only neutral, not fatty food is suitable. A typical mistake of many patients using candles with lidocaine is that once the pain goes away, they forget about the diet. As a result, the hemorrhoids quickly turn into a more severe stage. Examples of anesthetic candles: Relief Advance, Olestezin, Nigepan, Proctosedil M, Emla.
2. Thrombolytic candles. The main complication of hemorrhoids is thromboembolism, the formation of attached and freely separated clots. To prevent clogging of blood vessels, the composition of candles includes substances that prevent blood clotting. Rectal suppositories with heparin and heparin ointment are currently considered to be the best preventive measures against thrombosis. Examples of drugs: Gepatrombin G, Nigepan.
3. To stop bleeding. The allocation of blood from the rectum may indicate a tumor or polyps, so with this symptom it is necessary to go to a doctor who treats hemorrhoids and other diseases of the rectum - the coloproctology. The doctor will conduct the examination and the cause of the indisposition will become clear. A large number of people die from rectal cancer because they did not pass the examination on time. To narrow the blood vessels and stop bleeding, such drugs as Relief, Procto-gliwenol are used.

Without consulting a doctor, it is not advisable to use drugs. Which doctor treats hemorrhoids and prescribes medication? Only proctologist. Most manufacturers use a combination of candles, that is, the drug simultaneously contains painkillers, anti-inflammatory and anti-irritant components. The doctor will help you choose the best option for each patient.

4 The established disease

The correct treatment of hemorrhoids in the 2nd and subsequent stages is not limited to rectal suppositories. If the hemorrhoidal nodes protrude outward and drop out, surgical intervention is prescribed. Basic directions:

1. Ligation. With the help of the latex ring, the deformed vein is compressed in such a way that the blood supply of the node ceases. As a result, tissues are killed and discarded. The whole process takes 2 to 3 weeks. The blood flow is directed through healthy vessels.
2. Sclerotherapy. Clogged pathologically deformed veins, blood is sent to the least damaged vessels. This method has contraindications, sclerotherapy is not used for hemorrhoids, complicated by infections or acute inflammatory process. Each hemorrhoids become complicated with time, therefore at the 4th stage other methods are selected.
3. Photocoagulation. The hemorrhoidal node is exposed to infrared radiation to reduce bleeding, vasoconstriction and anti-inflammatory effect.
4. Resection. Surgical removal of the site of the rectal mucosa, which is located above the nodes. Due to this, the blood supply of the node is suspended, the node ceases to grow, and then dies off.
5. Hemorrhoidectomy. The simplest and most effective method. Usually used in the 4th stage of hemorrhoids. All nodes are surgically removed with stitches. The operation has contraindications, therefore a preliminary examination is carried out.

Hemorrhoids in men in most cases are accompanied by varicose veins of the spermatic cord. To what doctor to address with a hemorrhoids and varikotsele? It will take the help of a urologist and a proctologist. In the late stages, both diseases are treated only promptly, therefore, to avoid surgical intervention, you should take care of your health as early as possible.

5 Prevention

To think about prevention is necessary for all who lead a sedentary and sedentary lifestyle. The formation of hemorrhoids occurs gradually, at first the person does not suspect about the future problem.

To which doctor should I contact when I have hemorrhoids, which already makes itself felt? To a qualified proctologist. Infringement of blood supply in the lower part of the body leads not only to hemorrhoids, but also to a number of diseases of the pelvic organs. If hemorrhoids have already occurred, in order to stop the progress of the disease, you must regularly ensure blood flow to the anogenital area with simple exercises:

• compress and relax the sphincter at a fast and slow pace;
• keep the sphincter compressed for 10-15 seconds;
• to exercise the sphincter ejecting and retracting movements.

If you engage in at least 10-20 minutes daily, you can prevent the occurrence of hemorrhoids and stop the already begun pathological process.