1 Types of the disease

Among the main disorders in the work of the gastrointestinal tract, there are such types of dyspepsia as:

• intestinal dyspepsia;
• hepatic dyspepsia;
• pancreatic indigestion;
• gastric dyspepsia.

In gastroenterology this condition is also determined by nutritional deficiencies. There is putrefactive and fermentation dyspepsia, fat. The cause of their appearance is the wrong diet, which a person allows himself for a long time.

Fermentation dyspepsia results from the frequent use of foods rich in carbohydrates, as well as those that have fermentation processes. Not the last factor is the use of carbonated drinks. To the development of this type of disease can be involved in such products as cabbage, legumes, certain types of fruits, flour dishes, honey, kvass. The presence of these products in the diet provokes the development of fermentation microflora, generates the reproduction of yeast-like fungi in the intestine. Fermentation of dyspepsia is characterized by increased flatulence and frequent symptoms of diarrhea, in which there is a loose stool with a foamy and slightly colored contents with an acidic odor.

This type of dyspepsia, as a rule, can make itself felt in the spring or summer. In medicine, two of its forms are known - chronic and acute. Dyspepsia, which has a chronic form of development, is the result of an acute form that can be provoked by a high intake of fiber. More often, fermentation dyspepsia does not show severe seizures and is amenable to rapid treatment.

Dyspeptic indigestion often develops with the long use of a large number of foods of protein origin, meat products with dubious quality. The products that provoke the emergence of this nutritional disorder include eggs, fish, various types of meat. The reason for the disruption of the functioning of the digestive system is the duration of the digestion process. Putrefactive dyspepsia can also develop due to the use of stale protein products, even in small quantities. In the process of decomposition, this food causes general fatigue and deactivity of the organism, which leads to disruption of the process of reproduction in the intestines of beneficial bacteria. Symptoms of dyspepsia putrefaction can be characterized as follows:

• liquid stool with the smell of rot;
• decrease in protective functions of the body;
• loss of appetite;
• disturbance of metabolic processes.

By its nature, fatty indigestion, the symptoms of which arise against the background of the use of large quantities of foods rich in fats and having the property of slow digesting, is a violation of the pancreas function. Especially it is worth noting the difficulty of digesting lamb and pork fat.

In addition, there are other types of dyspepsia:

• gastrogenic type - lack of gastric enzymes;
• pancreatogenic type - deficiency of pancreatic enzymes;
• enterogenic type - a small amount of intestinal juices;
• hepatogenic type - deficiency of bile secreted by the liver;
• holitsistogenny type - poor bile secretion.

Each of these species has individual symptoms and treatment that requires a special approach and a long time.

2 Features of

The main cause of any type of dyspepsia is the difficulty in digesting food, which is a consequence of impaired motor function of the gastrointestinal tract. This negatively affects the state of the intestinal microflora, which leads to the appearance of dysbiosis. The main symptoms of dyspepsia:

• manifestation of pain in the epigastrium, especially at night;
• increased flatulence in the stomach and intestines;
• in a hungry state a person feels full, although he can not eat food for a long time;
• ailment can accompany such disorders of the digestive system as nausea, vomiting, heartburn.

Indigestion has two main forms of development:

• organic, which is characterized by a structural change in the position and pathologies of the major organs of the gastrointestinal tract;
• functional, in which the digestive organs completely or partially do not perform their functions.

3 The appearance of

Gastroenterologists distinguish different in nature of the cause of the disease. In some cases, the psychic states of a person, the stresses transferred to them, may become a causal factor. The primary reasons for the medical profession still consider the wrong approach to nutrition. Often, in the history of patients with dyspepsia, there are such diseases as gastric and duodenal ulcer, dyskinesia, pancreatic function disorders, chronic gastritis. Sometimes the cause may be reflux, in which the bile is injected into the stomach.

The development of dispersion effects can be affected by frequent use of certain medicinal groups, and disorders in the endocrine system.

Sometimes pregnancy can trigger the appearance of dyspepsia. On its occurrence can be affected and weakened immunity.

4 Pediatric pathology

Children can have this ailment even at an early age. The main reason for his appearance is the wrong feeding of the baby by the mother. Often this is a non-compliance with the diet. Provoke the disease can and a sharp introduction to the diet of new( unfamiliar to the baby's stomach) food. A major role in this can be played by the nutrition of the mother herself, the intake of medication by her.

Children of adolescence may face this problem due to hormonal imbalance and body restructuring. At this age, the state of the digestive system of the child must undergo periodic diagnosis. If the cause of the disease is not serious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, then the disease can manifest itself in the same way as in adults. Sometimes it is difficult to determine the beginning of the development of the disease in very young children, so parents should pay special attention to the child's well-being after feeding, analyze the state of his appetite and, if necessary, stool.

5 Diagnostic measures

To determine which organ of the digestive system is out of order, doctors diagnose dyspepsia by collecting anamnesis, laboratory and instrumental examination. The patient gives blood and urine for examination. If necessary, the doctor can prescribe a biochemical blood test. A study of stool is conducted to determine the exact type of dyspepsia.

Provides dyspepsia treatment and concomitant gastrointestinal disease, which is detected by endoscopy of the esophagus, intestine and stomach. This type of diagnosis is mandatory, as it allows to identify the development of the disease at the earliest stages, and also to determine the presence of the Helicobacter bacterium.

With complete diagnosis, examine the state of gastric juice to determine its acidity. An ultrasound examination of the internal organs is performed in order to exclude or confirm the presence of malignant neoplasms. Endoscopy of the large intestine is performed using a colonoscope to identify all possible diseases of this organ in the initial stages( polyps, tumors).X-rays are performed only after suspicion of cancerous formation. With the help of manometric studies, the patient is examined the state of peristalsis of the digestive organs.

Because dyspepsia is such a collective name for a condition in which all the digestive organs are involved, this system, each of its parts and segment, is fully diagnosed.

6 Treatment Therapy

Treatment of dyspepsia begins with the elimination of the causes that led to indigestion. It may include the use of medications or complex treatment. In most cases, the patient is prescribed hunger therapy. For an adult, this process lasts for 1.5 days, for a child - half a day. Nutritional components are introduced into the diet carefully, in small portions. Particular value in fasting has the use of liquid. The child is given food that corresponds to his age, doing a tummy massage in a clockwise direction. Breastfeeding children should be in a vertical position after feeding to facilitate the regurgitation process.

Older children should be banned from eating food that causes heartburn. These are citrus, carbonated drinks. After carrying out such a course of treatment, no complications were noted. With drug therapy, the doctor prescribes drugs that can eliminate the cause of dyspepsia. If it is caused by a disease of an organ, then it is he who is being treated.

As a preventive measure, doctors recommend taking your diet and lifestyle seriously, completely eliminating negative habits. It is necessary to constantly monitor your health, promptly turning to specialists for advice, if violations begin in the work of the digestive organs.