Transurethral resection of the prostate is a common surgical method for treating adenoma. Modern specialists use TRP for manipulating the malignant form of the disease. This technique is considered to be the least traumatic for a man. After the intervention, the patient is quickly restored.
The purpose of the operation depends on the symptomatology of the disease. It is used only in the last stages of the disease. Also, resection requires some preparation from the patient. He is assigned various tests. The surgeon identifies the presence of concomitant diseases. Only after a complete determination of the clinical picture is a surgical effect.
Prostatitis and its symptoms
Transurethral resection is necessary for patients with various forms of prostate adenoma. This disease is accompanied by a strong proliferation of glandular tissue of the organ.
This process is influenced by a variety of negative factors. The cause of the ailment is often the age-related changes.
Prostatitis is found in men over 45 years of age. In this case, there is a sharp decrease in the amount of testosterone. The prostate stops functioning normally. In this case, the glandular layer begins to actively occupy free space. Gradually, there is inflammation. It leads to the formation of a capsule over the glandular tissue. On examination you can consider swelling. Further tissue growth leads to a tumor. It can have a different character. When the diagnosis is made, the patient is assigned a resection.
Also, prostatitis occurs against the background of an inflammation of the urinary system. Inflammation is accompanied by a dysfunction of the organ. He ceases to produce the necessary amount of secret. This leads to partial tissue atrophy. Against the backdrop of inflammation, areas are formed on which the dead cells accumulate. This phenomenon is often observed on the glandular layer. This leads to the development of prostate adenoma.
The danger of this form of the disease is its asymptomatic. The patient rarely shows obvious signs of prostatitis. Many patients seek help at a later stage. In this case, the only way to eliminate the tumor is transurethral resection.
The disease affects not only the elderly, but is sometimes found in young men. In this case, it is considered a sedentary lifestyle. With insignificant motor activity, the trophic nutrition in the genital organs decreases. This is due to the frequent adoption of a sitting position. This position leads to a difficulty in the circulation of the pelvis. Blood does not enter the organs in the required quantity. Stagnant process is accompanied by tissue atrophy. Atrophy causes a decrease in the functioning of the prostate. She begins to become inflamed. This leads to chronic prostatitis. If this process is accompanied by the imposition of an additional infection, an adenoma is formed. At the third stage of this ailment the patient needs surgical intervention.
Symptoms of prostatitis are similar to various problems of the urinary system. The patient is gradually squeezing the urethra.
Due to this, the following signs of the disease appear:
- Appearance of blood clots in the urine;
- Obstruction of urination;
- Severe soreness;
- Increased body temperature.
The appointment of transurethral resection is accompanied by a decrease in urinary excretion. In some patients, this process becomes completely impossible. In this case, surgery is required.
Recommendations for TRD
Resection is not prescribed in all cases of prostatitis. There are several reasons why surgical intervention is necessary. The main factor is the obstruction of the urethra. The man has a blockage of the bladder. This phenomenon entails fluid stagnation. There are additional negative processes in the cavity. The inner layer of the bladder becomes inflamed. The bleeding increases. Stagnant fluid leads to disruption of the kidneys. They stop working fully. Renal failure is diagnosed. This is the main reason for transurethral resection.
Intervention is also performed with the oncological form of adenoma. To distinguish the cancer from the usual swelling is possible only with the help of special tests. A distinction of the oncological form of prostatitis is the appearance of additional branches from the tumor. These processes are called metastases. The metastatic process indicates a third or fourth form of cancer. In this case, in addition to resection, a full surgical intervention may be necessary.
Preparation for operation
Transurethral resection is performed only after careful preparation of the patient. It should begin no later than 2 weeks before the operation. The patient is recommended to abandon the various forms of alcohol-containing beverages. This is necessary to restore the hormonal system and sex glands. Also, failure will help to avoid possible bleeding during the operation.
Sexual contacts are also prohibited. Refusal of sexual life occurs 5-7 days before resection. He will allow the iron to accumulate the necessary amount of secret. This will improve the visibility of the organ when operating.
A few hours before the exposure, the patient ceases to consume any liquid and food. This condition is necessary to eliminate undesirable consequences during anesthesia.
Also the patient should undergo a full examination. Blood and urine are taken for the study. Experts establish the nature of prostatitis. It is also necessary to consult the sex of chronic ailments. If a man is on additional treatment, 
should be examined for his medical history. Admission of anticoagulants during resection is unacceptable. Treatment should be discontinued 5 days before transurethral resection.
Blood coagulability should be studied. If the patient does not close the fluid badly, the risk of intracavitary bleeding increases. This is taken into account in the selection of anesthesia and the method of removing the glandular layer.
Contraindications to operation
To some men this intervention is contraindicated. This is possible due to the presence of the following diseases:
- Diabetes mellitus of the second type;
- Hypertensive disease;
- Heart disease;
- Thrombophlebitis;
- Varicocele of the third degree.
Diabetes mellitus is accompanied by a circulatory disturbance. This is due to a change in the quality of the vessels. They become fragile. This can cause severe bleeding during surgery. In such patients, transurethral resection is not recommended.
Hypertensive disease is caused by spasmodic vascular tissue. Against the background of a severe spasm, the risk of increased blood loss also increases. This group of patients needs consultation of the treating cardiologist.
Thrombophlebitis is considered a contraindication to many types of surgical treatment. The risk of the problem is the risk of a thrombus from the vessel wall. The presence of a blood clot in the heart entails a fatal outcome.
Varicocele of the 3rd degree is accompanied by the formation of nodules on the lobate bundle of the inguinal vein. At this stage, rupture of the damaged portion of the vessels may occur. Initially, the patient is assigned an operation to remove the nodes. Only after this it is possible to carry out a resection of the prostate.
How is the operation performed?
Transurethral resection does not involve a cut of the human abdominal cavity. In this case, all manipulations are carried out through the urethral canal. It introduces a special catheter, which should open access to the upper part of the urethra. Through the catheter, the organ is fed with a rector. At the end of the instrument is a loop. It is necessary for the capture of tumor tissue. Two kinds of anesthesia are used for surgery:
- Anesthesia;
- Subarachnoidal anesthesia.
The choice of anesthesia depends on the general condition of the patient. In some cases, the patient's opinion is taken into account.
After the loop is applied to the prostate, the doctor begins to cut off the damaged tissue. This is done gradually. This is necessary in order to avoid the risk of removing healthy tissue. After cleansing the prostate from the tumor, the doctor completes the resection.
Resection may be accompanied by bleeding. The prostate gland is permeated with a large number of vessels. To avoid undesirable bleeding, an electrocoagulator is used. It helps to cauterize the edge of the wound with electric current.
During the entire surgical procedure, a continuous washing of the bladder is carried out. This is done using a special catheter. It has three branches. An instrument is inserted into the central tube. One of the lateral branches constantly receives liquid. Through the remaining branch, the liquid is removed from the bladder. This technique allows during the operation to remove from the urea a stagnant liquid.
After removal of the resector, the male is provided with a catheter, which is necessary for further care of the bladder. It also allows urine to be quickly excreted. This will help to avoid stagnation. The risk of relapse decreases.
Recovery period
After the operation, the man remains in the hospital. The doctor conducts daily monitoring of the patient's condition. The patient needs constant care. A specialist flushes the bladder and conducts hardware monitoring. If the urinary process is established, the catheter is removed. After this, the patient may feel uncomfortable when emptying the urea. Complete recovery of the process takes place 2-3 weeks after the operation.
The patient is also prescribed medication. During the first week, he needs to take antibiotic drugs and antimicrobials. This will help to relieve inflammation from the prostate tissues. There is an increase in healing of trauma.
After 10 days a man leaves home. At home, a number of indications should also be observed. For a few days, sex and alcohol intake are contraindicated. It is recommended to avoid strong physical activity. In a month the patient returns to the usual way of life.
Many problems with the reproductive system in men arise from inflammation of the prostate. If the body is exposed to negative influences, adenoma develops. In this case, experts recommend to immediately seek help. A person must undergo a series of studies to establish the correct diagnosis. Only after this, the doctor chooses a method of eliminating the disease. Transurethral resection of the prostate is an effective method to combat the problem.
