1 Causes of the development of the pathology

The disease occurs for a number of reasons. The main cause is the abuse of alcohol and cigarettes. These pernicious addictions cause disruption of the liver and bile ducts.

To metabolic factors of the occurrence of steatosis include excessive weight, diabetes, violation of the metabolism of fats in the body, sharpweight loss, feeding the body with glucose intravenously( this situation occurs when it is impossible to use the gastrointestinal tract for the digestive process).

Another common cause of the development of steatosis is drug intoxication. This can happen during long-term use of various drugs - hormones, medications stopping mitosis cells, antibiotics. Sometimes poisoning occurs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including antipyretic drugs.

Steatosis may occur as a consequence of a surgical operation performed on the gastrointestinal tract or small intestine.

In rare cases, steatosis of the pancreas develops as a consequence of Wilson-Konovalov's disease, manifested in a metabolic disorder.

Steatosis occurs due to excessive growth of bacteria in the small intestine, often this pathology is accompanied by a deverculosis.

An hereditary factor is important, that is, a predisposition to the disease is transmitted at the gene level from parents to children. In this case, steatosis can proceed as an independent disease.

2 Characteristic manifestations of

Most often, steatosis of the pancreas is asymptomatic, manifesting itself only in the last, most severe and intractable stage. In the early stages of the pathology is detected, as a rule, by accident, as a result of a planned medical examination.

In the acute form of the disease, the following symptoms occur:

1. Severe pain in the hypochondrium on the right side. It can encompass the entire human torso, localizing approximately at the level of the lower ribs. Pain syndrome can occur both on an empty stomach and immediately after a meal.
2. Decreased appetite.
3. Weakness in the whole body.
4. Nausea, resulting in severe vomiting. Stagnation of bile in the gallbladder.
5. Yellowing of the vitreous substance of the eye, skin and mucous membrane of the mouth against the background of cholestosis.
6. Itching itch.
7. Decreased immunity and frequent colds.

3 Forms of the disease

Steatosis has various forms( this depends on what caused the disease):

1. Alcoholic - due to prolonged exposure to the body of alcohol.
2. Non-alcoholic - caused by other reasons.
3. Focal is a local manifestation of cell obesity.
4. Diffuse - occurs against the backdrop of 100% damage to the body by fat cells.

If steatosis occurs as a result of other diseases, then it is secondary. The pathology, which developed in the womb of the mother, is primary.

4 Diagnostic measures

Steatosis is diagnosed during the complex study of the patient's body, as a rule, there are no visible manifestations of the disease. To clarify the diagnosis, the following measures are applied:

1. An anamnesis in which the patient tells about the nature of the pain, if any, about her diet, her bad habits, and genetic diseases. A competently collected history helps to diagnose the disease by 50%, provided that the patient does not hide anything and does not distort the facts. It is important for a doctor to know how much alcohol a person consumes per day and what quality this alcohol is, however such facts alcoholics prefer to hide or distort. It is important to know what medications a patient takes, especially if he has diabetes mellitus.
2. An external examination of the patient is performed. The color of his sclera and skin is determined. Also, the doctor pays attention to the presence of scratching and scratching on the skin, caused by itching. The body weight, blood pressure and the general physical condition of a person are determined.
3. Laboratory tests allow to determine the biochemical composition of blood, the level of its various components.
4. The main instrumental way of studying the internal organs and, in particular, the pancreas is the ultrasound.
5. In some cases, in which it is not possible to determine the cause of the disease, a liver biopsy is performed. This study is concluded in the study of liver cells taken by a special probe.
6. Ultrasound examination of the liver is performed by the method of elastography, that is, the sensor of the device strongly presses on the liver in order to determine its elasticity.

5 Methods of therapy

Treatment of steatosis is possible, but on condition that it is carried out in a comprehensive manner and in compliance with all prescriptions of the doctor. Treatment should be aimed at combating the causes of steatosis and pursue the following objectives:

1. Weight loss for obesity.
2. Restriction or complete rejection of medications taken.
3. Complete refusal of alcohol and smoking.
4. Strict adherence to the prescribed diet.

The patient's diet should include sour-milk products, cheese, vegetable soups and mashed potatoes, cereals from various cereals, a small amount of vegetable and butter, boiled meat from low-fat breeds, for example, veal, you can eat boiled poultry and fish. Fresh fruits and berries, compotes and kissels, slightly boiled tea. Sweet is accepted with restrictions, it can be, for example, jam.

When sttenosis of the pancreas is completely forbidden to eat baked goods from pastry, soups cooked on fatty meat, herbs with a high content of uric acid( sorrel, radish, green onions, radish), fatty fried meat, including birds and fish. You can not eat eggs in boiled and especially fried form. Acute, salty, smoked only aggravates the disease. Alcohol and spices are completely forbidden( pepper, mustard, horseradish sauce).

If steatoosis of the pancreas is not treated, sooner or later it will cause such diseases as liver fibrosis, that is, the transformation of its structure into fibrotic tissue, the violation of bile exchange in the gastrointestinal tract, or to cirrhosis of the liver. All these diseases are incurable and result in death.

6 Prevention measures

In order to never face pancreatic steatosis in your life, a number of preventive measures should be followed. First, you need to give up drinking alcohol. Secondly, you need to monitor the weight of your body and take steps to normalize it. Thirdly, in order to take less antibiotics and other medications, you should monitor the state of your immunity: they will become hardened and play sports. Fourth, it is timely to treat the disorders of the metabolism of fats in the body. At a diabetes it is not necessary to admit infringements of level of a glucose in a blood, that is in time to accept an insulin.