Deforming arthrosis of the hip joint( coxarthrosis) - stands at one of the first places among diseases of the musculoskeletal system.
Coxsalgia - severe pain that occurs in the hip joint due to abnormalities in muscle movement.
The hip joint belongs to the globular joints. It makes limited movement and rotates along three spatial axes.
The joint is highly resistant due to the presence of a large number of muscle and tendon ligaments.
Deforming arthrosis of the hip joint is of two types:
- primary( disease of unknown etiology);
- secondary, appearing against the backdrop of inflammation, trauma, fetal necrosis, dysplasia or congenital dislocation of the hip joint.
It is possible that both joints or simultaneous arthrosis of other joints and spine can be affected.
The main complaint of patients comes in pain, the intensity of which depends on:
- degree of coxarthrosis;
- localization;
- duration;
- intensity;
- character.
There are three degrees of coxarthrosis in total.
Deforming arthrosis of the hip joint of the 1st degree
I degree is characterized by the presence of pain in the hip, knee or thigh.
The pain usually passes when the joint is at rest.
Gait is not violated, muscle strength does not fall, the amplitude of movements is not limited.
On the roentgenogram, you can see the bony growths that keep within the joint lip.
Most often they are located around the edges of the acetabulum.
The head and neck of the femur do not change significantly.
Articular gap slightly and unevenly narrowed.
Deforming arthrosis of the hip joint of the II degree
II, the degree of coxarthrosis is characterized by the intensification of pain passing to the groin or hip region and arising even at rest.
Articular function is impaired: limited by hip removal and internal rotation.
The forming and flexural contracture is formed.
The muscular strength of the thigh is lowered, its hypotrophy and hypotension are determined.
The X-ray diffraction pattern shows significant spinous sprouting along the inner and outer edges of the acetabulum.
Sprouting extends beyond the joint lip.
The deformation and enlargement of the head of the hip bone increases, its expansion and thickening take place, irregular contour irregularities are noticeable.
Cysts can appear in the acetabulum.
There is a tendency to move up the head of the hip bone.
Deforming arthrosis of the hip joint of the third degree
III degree is characterized by constant pain, appearing even at night.
Patients should use a walking stick when walking.
There are sharp restrictions in joint movements and hypotrophy of the buttocks, shin and thigh muscles.
Lumbar lordosis develops and the pelvic tilt increases, which leads to a shortening of the limb from the affected joint.
The patient, in this regard, is forced to lean towards defeat while walking and stand on toes to bend over to the floor. By these actions, he compensates for the shortening of the limb and the slope of the pelvis.
A similar compensation mechanism leads to overload of the joint and displacement of the center of gravity.
The X-ray pattern indicates extensive spinous proliferation in the head of the femur and acetabulum.
There is a strong narrowing of the joint gap.
The cervix is markedly shortened and widened.
