Blockade element cardiac conduction system usually affects the right or left leg, which is localized in the bundle of His. The pathology is the partial or complete blocking of the conduction of nerve impulses to the heart ventricles. Which disrupts the body work and can cause serious complications.
The disease develops in patients of all ages, it requires a comprehensive diagnosis and timely treatment.
The content of the article:
- 1 types of diseases
- 2 Stage and grade
- 3 symptoms
- 4 Causes of
- 5 Diagnostics
- 6 When to see a doctor
- 7 prevention
-
8 therapies
- 8.1 Medications
- 8.2 Traditional methods
- 8.3 Other methods
- 9 possible complications
- 10 Video of the blockade bundle branch
types of diseases
To date, there are several classifications of the disease. Depending on the anatomy of the disease can be identified single-beam, two-beam and Three-beam species. The name allows you to see how many beams are involved in the pathological process. The most severe form is considered to Three-beam blockage when touched the right and left leg, as well as all branches of the beam 3.
Depending on the extent of damage to one or both legs distinguish complete and incomplete blockade.
In the first case, the patient severe state, there is a complete blockage of the pulse is not completed in the second process, so the symptoms were less pronounced, and treatment is facilitated. In addition, when an incomplete blockade ventricular excitation slows, but not absent, so the manifestations are not as sharp.
Specialists also share pathology depending on the duration of its display on a rolling and continuous. In the first case, the symptoms disappear after a while, but provoke deterioration of general condition and other symptoms. At constant blockade considered irreversible changes and may lead to death or other, less dangerous complications.
Stage and grade
The blockade of left bundle branch block or defeat conductive node right-hand side is almost always takes place in several stages, in the case of incomplete blocking nerve impulses. With complete blockade of all the symptoms develop rapidly, and to separate the transition from one stage to another is almost impossible. However, with incomplete blocking the disease progresses gradually.
In the initial stages the symptoms are manifested weakly or absent. The patient does not feel the changes, leading a normal life. Some patients have heart palpitations and high blood pressure rates.
The second stage is characterized by more severe symptoms, the patient's condition deteriorates. Almost always there are complications with other organs. Sometimes the patient may be confused with symptoms of other disease exacerbation.
Launched stage is considered to be the most severe. At this stage there is a threat not only to health but also to the patient's life. blood pressure is constantly changing, a person says about the appearance of inexplicable fear and anxiety. The duration of each stage may vary in different patients, so it is important to determine the time when the first signs.
symptoms
Symptoms of the disease, their intensity and duration different in each case. The most pronounced is the outward sign of pallor or blueness of the skin. This manifestation is best visible on the skin. After some time, strengthen the work of the sweat glands, the skin becomes wet and cold to the touch.
When the blockade of blood pressure may be elevated or reduced, often a fluctuation of numbers in either direction. Such violations weaken the patient, he becomes distracted and can not concentrate on doing the usual manipulations. Many patients deteriorating appetite, they quickly get tired, reduced working capacity.
It should be noted that similar symptoms occur during a full blockade of a sudden, noted dizziness, severe headache. The patient may lose consciousness, blood pressure greatly reduced.
In some cases, the patient can fix the beginning of the attack when the signs appear-headed. Suddenly limb muscles become weak, man wants to sit down and take a horizontal position. On the forehead are the sweat, and his eyes flit fly.
These features are typical for a full blockade and severe illness. It also is noted palpitations, dyspnea, appearing not only during exercise, but alone. After some time, the patient speaks about the feeling of lack of air, there is the fear of death, which is often present in the early stages of myocardial infarction.
Sometimes there are pains in the heart, extending to the shoulder or arm, as well as a feeling of tightness. But this sign is an atypical manifestation. Dangerous condition is considered that it may be asymptomatic, especially at partial blockade. This means that people will notice the signs only at strong deterioration and rapid progression of the disease.
Causes of
The blockade of right bundle branch block or defeat of the left part is the result of several contributing factors.
Experts point out that young people develop the disease is very rare, namely 0.1% of all cases of diagnosing this condition.
In patients older than 40 years, the probability of blockade increases several times, and the percentage of these patients reaches 4.5%.
The main causes of disease are the following:
- Myocardial infarction. Quite often, the blockade could be a precursor of a developing myocardial necrosis.
- Frequent stress, neuro-emotional stress, heavy mental load.
- Fatigue, violation of work and rest.
- Sleep disorders, increasing the burden on the conducting system of the heart.
- Improper diet, characterized by a deficiency of vitamins and minerals necessary for normal heart function and maintenance of the nervous tissue health.
- Chronic vitamin deficiency.
- Bad habits, such as long-term smoking and alcohol abuse.
- Congenital and acquired heart defects.
- Obstructive diseases of the respiratory system.
- Atherosclerotic vascular changes.
- Autoimmune diseases. Affecting the connective tissue of the heart, such as rheumatism.
- Uncontrolled hypertension.
- Heart failure, angina, ischemic heart disease.
- Injuries to the thorax, affecting the functioning of the heart.
- The appearance of tumors in the heart.
- Myocardial dystrophy.
- The uncontrolled use of potent drugs.
- Continuously elevated potassium levels in the blood.
Among the reasons, you can also highlight the genetic factors that significantly increase the likelihood of developing the disease. For example, stenosis of pulmonary artery pathology bundle branch block, as well as defects of the heart walls may provoke a blockade. One or more of the reasons leading to the development of the disease.
Diagnostics
a comprehensive survey carried out to identify the degree of neglect pathology and confirm the diagnosis. Specialists in each case individually constitute a circuit, but always used several methods.
| Method | Features | Venue and cost |
| General examination and patient survey | The first step in diagnosing the disease. The doctor examines the skin of the patient, listens to heart sounds, as well as complaints. It provides an overview and establish the supposed cause of the disease | It is free of charge in each clinic |
| Clinical and biochemical blood | Standard methods of diagnosis. The first analysis is required for assessing the overall condition, the second aimed at identifying violations of the vessels and the heart. It is particularly important to determine the prothrombin time | The technique is available for any health care facility. The cost of a private clinic is about 200-300 rubles. |
| ECG | Classic, the most effective and affordable method of diagnosis. As a result, the expert notices appearance of specific ventricular complexes, and adjusting the pitch and tooth depth R, S, and QRS interval | Held in public and private institutions, in which the equipment available. Price in a private clinic usually does not exceed 200 rubles. |
| ultrasound of the heart | More informative method, which is considered the most effective. It helps us to see not only the signs of the blockade, but also other abnormalities of the heart | Such an examination can be passed only in specialized classrooms in which there is equipment. Price ranges from 600-900 rubles. |
| Holter monitoring | It held when the blockade is transitory in nature, and the symptoms disappear within 1-2 days after onset. The essence of the method of attachment to the points of the listening heart of special suction cups, which are wires to a small device. The device itself is attached to the patient's belt, during the day, he captures the heart. After that, an expert studying the data that allows you to make the correct diagnosis | A simple survey, which is conducted in the cardiology department of a private or public clinics. Payment is usually no more than 500 rubles. |
| MRI | An additional method, which is not always used. It is indicated only when the previous methods did not produce results, but the blockade symptoms are present. In this case, the patient is placed in a kind of tube, where for 20-40 minutes to study the works of the heart. After that the doctor can draw conclusions | Performed in clinics, equipped with special equipment, the price is about 1000-1200 rubles. |
The most effective method is considered the ECG and ultrasound of the heart, but only integrated diagnostics help to ascertain the degree of pathology and lesion of the conduction system.
When to see a doctor
Right bundle branch block is considered to be quite a serious disease, so patients recommended to visit the doctor when the first symptoms. Treatment of these diseases has been a cardiologist. It will help to find the right medication.
Even the detection of the type of rolling the blockade and absence of pronounced symptoms is recommended to visit a specialist, to be examined.
prevention
Warn the disease is always easier than curing it. The first and most important way to prevent adherence to a healthy lifestyle. It is necessary to normalize the work and rest, eliminate fatigue. It is important to secure a good night's sleep, which will minimize the risk of heart disease.
In addition, it should be excluded from the diet products that have a negative effect on blood vessels and heart. These include fatty, salty and smoked food. It is important to reduce the amount of alcohol consumption to a minimum, and completely abandon tobacco.
The detrimental effects of stress proved professionals, so recommended to avoid such stress on the nervous system, as well as to take special medications when stress causes other problems. It is important to devote time to physical activities. It is not necessary to exhaust yourself workouts, but walking, cycling or swimming 2-3 times a week just to improve the condition of the vessels.
If a hereditary predisposition to such diseases is recommended to visit a cardiologist and be screened for early detection of problems. Patients with chronic autoimmune diseases and pathologies of the respiratory system also should be seen by a doctor.
therapies
Blockade quite effectively treated with the defeat of the right or left bundle branch block. For this purpose, medicines, folk remedies and other methods.
Medications
In the combined therapy used drugs from different groups.
Standard scheme involves the appointment of the following medications:
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atorvastatin - a drug to reduce blood cholesterol levels. Used in detecting atherosclerosis, which could cause a blockade. Administered in tablet form, the patient must take one piece per day, i.e. 20 mg of drug. The course duration is 10-14 days. The cost of medication starts at 80 rubles. depending on the dosage.
- cardiomagnil - blood thinners, prescribed to patients to prevent blood clots and reduce the load on the heart by reducing its viscosity. The daily intake is 75 mg taken tool must have at least 10 consecutive days. Some patients who have a propensity to thrombosis, administered 150 mg of drug. The price of drugs is about 200 rubles.
- Digoxin - a cardiac glycoside with a pronounced effect. Prescribed to patients with heart failure and other chronic pathologies, it helps to improve the functioning of the heart. The daily rate is 1-2 tablets depending on the neglect of the state, you need to take them for 10 days. Price agent comprises about 50-70 rubles.
- furosemide - a loop diuretic that is used in short courses with severe edema, provoked disruption of the heart. Typically, the patient is administered intramuscularly or intravenously solution in an amount of 2 ml. Duration of the course is rarely more than 5 days. Such treatment helps to relieve the heart and bring the body of excess fluid. The medicine is efficient and fast. Price means ampoules starts from 10 rubles.
- afobazol - mild sedative administered to the patient with increased nervous excitability or chronic disorders. It helps normalize sleep slows conduction of nerve impulses in the brain that allows us to respond calmly to irritants. You must take 1 tablet daily at bedtime for 2 weeks. The cost of packaging the drug is about 250-300 rubles.
- Izoket - vasodilator drug with antianginal and antihypertensive properties. Prescribed to patients with angina pectoris, hypertension and coronary heart disease complicated blockade bundle branch block. The best effect is achieved when the drug infusion intravenously with a dropper. 200 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution 10 ml Izoketa need, i.e. the contents of one vial. The infusion is administered daily for a week. Price 10 vials of medication is about 800 rubles.
- meksidol - antioxidant and antihypoxic drug that is indicated for the improvement of metabolic processes in the tissues, and slow the progression of the disease. It is considered very effective. Patients should take 1 tablet 3 times a day for 2 weeks. If necessary, the course is extended up to 4-6 weeks. The price of medicines is 200-250 rubles.
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verapamil - calcium channel antagonist, having the ability to reduce blood pressure during their raising. Appointed not for all patients, but only those who suffer from hypertension. Take a day is necessary to 1-2 tablets, course duration is 14-21 days. Some patients taking the drug continuously. Its price starts from 40 rubles.
Appoint more B vitamins, as well as complexes that contain magnesium, and calcium. The most popular is considered complex by Doppelgerts, which is specifically designed for patients with heart disease. Each tool is highly efficient and helps to improve the patient's condition.
Traditional methods
The blockade of right bundle branch block or defeat left-hand side can not be cured with the help of folk remedies. But for easing nervous tension, improve the general condition of this method can be used.
Infusion-based motherwort help slightly reduce blood pressure and relieve stress. Prepare simply: 300 ml boiling water need 20g preground dry raw material, it is necessary to insist 30 min. Thereafter, the filtered infusion is ready for use. Should take 30 ml, 2 times a day for 10 days.
A decoction of rose hips - easy and natural antihypertensive agent. Decreases in blood pressure due to amplification of the kidneys and of increasing urine output. Prepare the broth may be from 2 liters of water and 50 g of chopped rosehips. Cooking need to be at least 5 minutes, then left for 2 h. The filtered broth take 2 cups a day for 2 weeks.
Mint tea - a common natural remedy for eliminating anxiety and insomnia. Must be filled with 3 g of leaves 300 ml boiling water, leave for 20 minutes, filtered. Ready to take tea at bedtime for 10-14 days.
Any folk remedy may only be used after prior consultation of the cardiologist.
Other methods
One of the fundamental methods of therapy is considered to be the installation of the pacemaker during surgery. The operation is carried out only in the absence of contraindications, general anesthesia is used. The recovery period long and complicated.
The operation is considered to be very dangerous, especially for elderly patients. However, in some cases, only she can save the patient's life.
After establishing the device is responsible for normal nerve impulse through the bundle of His. Such a method is considered the best because it provides a smooth body and reduces the likelihood of an attack.
The operation is not performed in patients who have recently suffered a myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and also suffer from severe hypertension. In addition, the expert assesses the patient's condition in advance, and determines whether or not he will be able to transfer intervention.
Among other methods, you can select a diet. It involves the use of large amounts of fruits, vegetables and herbs. It is also necessary to include in the diet of eggs, dairy products, liver.
It is useful to eat lean meat, as well as dried fruits and nuts. Such a diet will greatly improve the general condition. It is important to minimize the amount of salt, which provokes fluid retention and increase blood pressure.
possible complications
Without treatment, it will certainly lead to the development of complications. Most often it considered myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. In addition, it increases the likelihood of developing heart failure, angina pectoris.
The blockade also increases the likelihood of thromboembolism. The most dangerous complication is considered fatal. This usually occurs suddenly, so the doctors insist on timely treatment.
The blockade of the cardiac conduction system is a fairly common and dangerous disease. Usually it affects the right or left leg, which is localized in the bundle branch block. When the first signs of a violation should immediately consult a doctor.
Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great
Video of the blockade bundle branch
What is the blockade of the left bundle branch block:
