Inflammation of the pancreas. Symptoms and treatment, diet for adults and children

Inflammation of the pancreas - Body disease characterized by pain and impaired functions generation of digestive enzymes. Pathology is called pancreatitis and has different symptoms.

types of diseases

The disease is divided into two main forms - primary and secondary inflammation of the pancreas.

Classification:

1. The primary form of pancreatitis. Pathology formed in lesions of soft tissue body. In this case, the disease develops, regardless of patient age.
2. Secondary. The disease develops as a result of various failures and disturbances in the internal organs related to the digestive system.

Each form has its own causes, determine which is possible only after consultation with a doctor and passing milestones necessary analyzes.

Stage and grade

Inflammatory reactions in the body accompanied by the complete or partial loss of certain functions. Thus by the nature of the disease flow is divided into two main forms. Each type has its own characteristics of the disease development.

form of the disease	Features
acute	This type of disease is characterized by the rapid development of the potential threat of irreversible degenerative changes of the pancreas. Thus there is loss of other internal organs located nearby. Passage of gastric secretion through the duct into the duodenum difficult. It produces enzymes are not able to function normally, spreading throughout the system, and the cells begin to attack the body itself directly, resulting in formation of edema.
chronic	The pathology is characterized by alternating exacerbation and recovery periods. The affected body tissue is then replaced by connective, not capable of producing enzymes and hormones. Deficiency of the enzyme substances leads to various disorders in the digestive organs.

In most cases, there is a nominal development of the chronic form of the disease.

symptoms

Symptomatology varies, based on the shape and nature of the pathological process flow. Acute type in most cases have pronounced symptoms, a chronic disease characterized by vague symptoms, which is why is not always possible to diagnose the presence of the disease.

Symptoms of acute inflammation:

• zoster pain character, given to the right or left side of the hypochondrium;
• degeneration of glandular organ;
• the development of nausea and vomiting, not bringing improvements;
• lack of appetite;
• cyanosis;
• rapid heart rate - more than 90 beats per min .;
• High temperatures - over 38C;
• lowering blood pressure;
• sense of gravity and tension in the area of ​​the abdominal wall;
• bloating, form a majority in the upper abdomen.

In acute type of the disease, caused by gallstone disease, marked yellowing of the skin.

The symptoms of the chronic form of the pathological process:

• pain in the body of the location area;
• glandular organ increase in size;
• education belching;
• the development of nausea and vomiting, caused by a deficiency of digestive enzymes;
• bloating and flatulence;
• total degradation - weakness, fatigue;
• weight loss;
• vitamin deficiencies, accompanied by brittle hair and dry skin;
• violation of a chair, provoked by oppression intestinal microflora.

In sharp exacerbations in both cases the disease can result in partial necrosis (necrosis) tissues. This produces severe pain requiring immediate referral to a specialist.

Causes of

Inflammation of the pancreas, the symptoms of which has a different degree of severity, arises for various reasons depending on the stage and course of disease.

Primary Form:

• alcohol abuse;
• smoking;
• injury and damage in the abdomen - surgical procedures, procedures;
• abuse of medicines;
• violation of the right to food;
• genetic predisposition to disease development.

The primary type of illness is produced, regardless of the age of the patient.

Causes of secondary lesions:

• the presence of cholelithiasis - a major factor in the development of pathology;
• or having previously transferred infectious diseases, including viral hepatitis forms;
• hereditary predisposition or chronic disease provoking an inflammatory response in the pancreas;
• parasitic infestations in bile ducts.

The secondary form is poorly diagnostics. On the effectiveness of treatment affects the exclusion of provoking factors.

Acute and chronic form

In most acute diseases susceptible patients from 28 to 58 years. In some cases, the disease occurs in children, including preschool.

Causes:

• diet infringement - a quick snack on the go, lack of vitamins, spicy and fatty foods;
• mechanical damage or injury in the abdominal area;
• congenital anomalies in the structure of the pancreas or other internal organs digestion;
• parasitic infestation in the digestive system;
• infectious and viral diseases having a chronic form.

At the same symptoms in children differs greatly from the severity of symptoms in adults.

The main causes of chronic course of disease is alcohol abuse and eating disorders rules - excessive intake of fat food (fast food), quick snacks on the go. Contribute to the development of acute forms of chronic inflammation may be the excessive consumption of highly carbonated beverages.

Diagnostics

Inflammation of the pancreas, the symptoms develop rapidly, requires prompt diagnosis and emergency treatment.

To determine the stage of disease and forms you need to go through several diagnostic procedures. First conducted an external examination of the patient - the study of the color of skin, language. Then, a palpation - is determined by the degree of pain, the presence of gaskets.

Additional types of research:

1. General and biochemical blood - to determine the level of pancreatic enzyme (amylase).
2. Urinalysis and stool analysis also it helps to establish the level of amylase in the body.
3. ultrasound peritoneal organs - defined structure and size of glandular organ. The procedure allows to exclude the presence of other diseases with similar symptoms - neoplasms, tumors. Treatment price is 2000-2500 rubles.
4. MRI (Computed tomography) - a procedure aimed at identifying the affected area, helps to establish the extent of disease and the presence of tumors. Cost of services - from 5,000 to 13,000 rubles.
5. radiography - is used for suspected violations of the presence in the gallbladder and its ducts. Service price - 3200 rubles.
6. Laparoscopy - assessment of the extent of necrotic lesions. It helps to identify possible complications. Estimated cost - 40000-50000 rubles.

In more severe and complicated cases assigned biopsy - fence part of the biological material by a special surgical syringe. Cost of services in the surgical ward is 15,000 rubles.

For accurate determination of causes and forms require a comprehensive diagnosis of the disease. Undergo the procedure can be in any medical institution engaged in the provision of such services. The cost can vary depending on the region and the region.

When to see a doctor

Immediate appeal to the specialist to avoid the progression of the disease and possible complications. With the development of unpleasant and painful sensations, especially after a meal, you should consult a doctor, a gastroenterologist.

Diagnosis is required for any signs pointing to the development of pathology. Changes in the level of amylase in the blood research is the reason for the appointment of additional research.

prevention

Inflammation of the pancreas, the symptoms which indicate the possible causes of the disease, it is possible to prevent, strictly following some of the recommendations. Prevention helps prevent the development of disease and prevent possible recurrences and complications.

recommendations:

1. Compliance with the rules and diet. It is recommended to eliminate fatty, spicy and fried foods. Eat more fresh vegetables and herbs. Special diet food is also installed.
2. Exclusion of alcohol and smoking.
3. Preventive examinations, including instrumental and laboratory research methods.

In chronic forms of development it is recommended to visit a specialist at least 2 times a year.

therapies

pancreatic inflammation Treatment includes complex approach, based on the systematic use of drugs, assigning different procedures and dieting. In addition to the permission of a doctor can apply the methods of traditional medicine.

Medications

Inflammatory reactions in pancreas require prescription drugs. Means are selected, based on the symptoms and the form of the pathological process.

First of all, prescribers that suppress inflammatory responses. This group includes cytostatics.

Also used funds belonging to the group of painkillers. When severe pain is used antispasmodics. Drugs that decrease production of enzymes that are assigned as replacement therapy.

preparations:

1. Pancreatin. Polyenzyme medicament pancreatin - active ingredient. The action of the drug is aimed at filling the lack of enzymes produced by the pancreas. The active ingredients helps in digestion enzymes and facilitate the digestion of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. It exhibits the greatest efficacy for chronic form of pancreatitis. The flow is contraindicated in acute disease, but also during periods of exacerbations. Available in capsule form. Use inside during or after eating 1-3 pieces. 3 times a day. Course duration - from several days to several months. The drug can be used for several years as a replacement therapy. Cost - from 20 to 42 rubles.
2. No-spa. Antispasmodic agent for removing a pancreas spasm and inflammation. The active substance - Drotaverinum. It made as a solution for intravenous injection. Contraindication is the children's age, pregnancy and the presence of renal, cardiac and hepatic insufficiency. Daily norm for inflammation is from 40 to 240 mg. When this dosage is divided into 3 doses. The duration of treatment depends on the shape and the presence of complications. Cost - 90-450 rubles.
3. Cefuroxime. An antibacterial agent that is assigned during the development of necrosis, cysts, abscesses and other complications that accompany the inflammation of the pancreas. Medication belongs to a class of cephalosporins of the 2nd generation. It has a bactericidal effect, inhibiting and suppressing life activity of pathogenic microorganisms. Released in the form of a solution for intramuscular or intravenous injection. The dosage is determined by the physician in each case. The duration of treatment depends on the nature of bacterial destruction. Cost - from 1220 rubles.
4. Diclofenac. The drug is available in powder form for preparation of injection solution. The medicine belongs to the group of NSAIDs - non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It is indicated for the marked inflammation accompanied by pain. It is used for its intended purpose specialist in chronic and acute pancreatitis. The daily dosage and duration of the course of treatment is determined by the attending specialist in each case individually. Cost of equipment - from 380 rubles.
5. Kontrolok. Used in chronic pancreatitis flow. It refers to proton pump blockers. The active substance - pantoprazole. Means lowers the activity of the gastric glands. Released in the form of a lyophilisate for the preparation of intravenous solutions. Dosage is calculated on the basis of the severity and nature of the pathological process of developing the disease. The duration of treatment is determined by a gastroenterologist. The cost - 350-580 rubles.

In relieving pain and inflammation prescribers to help restore and establish the functions of the glandular body.

Traditional methods

national treatment methods are used as an aid. used only after consultation with a gastroenterologist.

Methods:

1. Germinated grain oats. Soaked beans and put in a warm place. After that, all carefully sorted out, dried and ground into powder. The resulting mass is necessary to add water and put on fire at 1-2min. then means must persist for 20 min. and strain. Consumed fresh. Take to eliminate signs of the disease.
2. Pink radiogram. It helps restore the body and improve the overall tone at the time of illness. Is used as a tincture. Consumed before eating 20-20 drops 3 times a day.
3. The infusion of herbs. To prepare the funds take fresh cranberries leaves, blueberries, strawberries and ground with green beans and corn silk in equal parts. 1 tablespoon raw pour a glass of boiling water and pour into a thermos. Allowed to stand overnight. Take 1 / cup 1-3 times a day.
4. Lemon and garlic. Take 1 kg of fresh fruits and 0.3 kg of garlic and parsley. Products mince, and then placed in an enamel bowl. Put the mixture in a dark place for 2 weeks. Use tool 1 tsp before meals. Take 3 times a day. Note that lemons are ground together with the skin.
5. Nard (high). Of the plants prepare a broth. In this case, using the roots and rhizomes elecampane. For the preparation of plant ground. Take 1 tbsp Raw poured 0.2 liters of boiling water and then put on fire, and boiled for 10 min. then removed and allowed to stand for 4 hours. Take ½ st. 2-3 times a day before meals.

It is also useful to use chicory. Prepare instead of coffee and fill with milk in a ratio of 1: 1. Tool helps in chronic inflammation.

The most effective methods of herbal medicine are the following plants: nettle, St. John's wort, calendula, valerian, motherwort, plantain.

Diet

Inflammation of the pancreas, the symptoms of which may indicate the type of disease, requires adherence to diet.

First of all, eliminate hot and cold dishes. It is also forbidden to eat fatty, fried, spicy and salty. It is necessary to exclude the use of smoked meats, sausages, spices.

From the diet clean all foods containing crude fiber, coffee, chocolate, alcohol and carbonated drinks. The food should be soft and warm. Vegetables and fruits are used only in the form of frayed.

Ensure that the level of fat consumed per day does not exceed '60 For protein component is from 60 to 120 g / day. The amount of carbohydrate should vary in the range of 300-400 g

Approximate diet per day in chronic pancreatitis:

1. Breakfast: mashed potatoes, boiled beef. Drinks - unsweetened green or black tea.
2. 2nd breakfast: Chicken patty steam, low-fat cottage cheese grade (100 g) was cooked in the oven 1 green apple.
3. Dinner: soup, noodle, unsweetened tea.
4. Dinner: Meat loaf, baked, low-fat cottage cheese and unsweetened tea.

Before the main meals are allowed to eat a little bit of low-fat cottage cheese or yogurt. Water without use of gas.

With the development of exacerbations in chronic disease patient flowing in the first 1-2 days shows a complete starvation with the use of a small amount of mineral water. In this use water sips. Later allowed to eat simple dishes - mashed potatoes, fresh vegetables frayed.

Other methods

In severe cases, or surgery is indicated for misplaced organs and ducts. In some cases it is shown a complete or partial removal of the gallbladder.

As an auxiliary magnetic treatment is applied. It is the procedure by means of a special device with an inductor, which is applied to the abdomen. The method helps to reduce the intensity of pain, eliminate inflammation and relieve spasms. This procedure also helps to normalize the synthesis of enzymes that restore circulation.

possible complications

In case of untimely treatment, the disease progresses and leads to various complications, including leakage in chronic pancreatitis.

Complications in the acute form of the disease:

• development of peritonitis - inflammation throughout the abdomen;
• diabetes;
• formation of cysts in the pancreas;
• renal failure;
• hypoxia - insufficient supply of tissues and organs with oxygen.

The consequences of the chronic form of the disease:

• significant weight loss;
• diabetes;
• the formation of chronic pain;
• lack of vitamins and minerals in the body;
• glandular organ failure;
• ascites - an excessive accumulation of fluid in the peritoneum;
• neoplasms - cancer.

In rare cases of pancreatic inflammation may lead to death. According to statistics, in most cases death occurs in acute course of the disease. In this connection, at the first signs and symptoms of the disease must be urgent and immediate access to a doctor.

Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great

Video of pancreatitis

Elena Malysheva tell about pancreatitis: