Labyrinthitis. Symptoms in adults, photo, treatment, clinical guidelines

Labyrinthitis may occur in adults and children. It is important to timely diagnose the symptoms for correct diagnosis and further treatment. If you ignore the symptoms and do not treat labyrinthitis, it may appear serious complications in the form of a complete loss of hearing.

Labyrinthitis (symptoms in adults and course of the disease depends on the processes that are concentrated in the inner ear) is characterized by vestibular disease department. Often, the disease occurs when suppuration of the middle ear, or is a consequence of the injury.

Kinds

In medicine, identify several types of this disease.

The classification is based on different criteria:

View	clarification
Acute	This form occurs more frequently than others. It appears suddenly, but it does not last more than 2 weeks with proper treatment.
Chronic	Expressed no signs, but that does not mean that the treatment is not necessary to spend. Inflammation can move in an acute stage.
Limited	Formed in separate components of the inner ear.
Common	It captures all the elements of the bony labyrinth. Sometimes even a bilateral otitis media, in which the pathology appears in both hearing.

Stage and grade

Labyrinthitis, which has the same symptoms as adults, and children, has the following steps:

1. Purulent stage is characterized by an accumulation of pus. In this form of face symptoms of intoxication and fever.
2. At step appearing necrotic areas of necrosis on the bone maze.
3. In serous marked red walls of the inner ear. The signs are not pronounced. If you immediately begin treatment, the disease will retreat after 5 days.
4. At step hematogenous harmful bacteria enter into the ear with the blood flow.
5. Meningogennaya stage appears in meningitis. Here the bacteria enter through podpautinovoe space snails.
6. Diffuse stage is extended to all departments within the ears.

symptoms

Labyrinthitis: symptoms in adults begin with disruption of the vestibular apparatus, as well as observed the following violations:

1. Dizzy. The symptom can last for a long time and lead to the fall of man. Vertigo appears both at rest and at the time of movement. Sometimes it appears shaky gait, which can not control the people. Such a condition of the patient can be prolonged, for several hours. If a strong attack patients sick and vomiting may occur, the face reddens.
2. In spontaneous nystagmus occurs oscillatory eye movements constantly.
3. Violations of the autonomic nervous system. In humans, there are the pale skin that can turn red. Also concerned about pain in the heart and quickens the heart rate.

When labyrinthitis man hears worse and it makes a noise in the ears. Such noise dangerous since its cause is the death receptors of the ear. Also occurs in patients lesion of the facial nerve.

Diagnostics

Labyrinthitis diagnosed with the help of a detailed anamnesis, based on complaints of human. To set the factor of dizziness, conduct tests.

If the doctor then remain in doubt put diagnosis, the following studies can be assigned:

• electronystagmography;
• CT or MRI;
• audiometry;
• Laryngoscopy.

electronystagmography

This type of diagnosis is divided into three samples:

1. During the first sample is recorded eye movement when tracking a moving object. The results obtained with this sample shows nelabirintom or central origin of the disease.
2. In the positional nystagmus can be detected while the second sample. there are certain aspects elektronistagmograficheskie to identify positional vertigo.
3. During the third sample estimate the temperature function of the inner ear. To identify labyrinthitis, use air or water. Same reaction from both sides said on intact ears function. If the test reveals hyperactivity labyrinths, it means that there is abnormality of the inner ear.

There are other methods of determining the balance. Samples can be carried out using a centrifuge, rocking and other devices. But the need for such methods appear in difficult diagnostic cases.

MRI

MRI diagnostics are on the devices induction field of 1.5 T, as low power equipment does not provide full information on violations of the organ of hearing.

This procedure requires no preparation and is also carried out, as well as other types of MRI: a person put on the table imager; on the right to survey the area put on the coil, and if you want to contrast the procedure, the special agent is administered intravenously; then calls in the table and scanning the scanner. Duration of treatment an average of 20 min., With a contrast of 30 min.

audiometry

This procedure was used to select the correct treatment for hearing loss.

The study was conducted in three ways:

1. Using voice audiometry hearing. Specialist departs from the man a few meters, and says the word first softly, then loudly. The patient must repeat them. You can also use the record. So the doctor determines the threshold of hearing.
2. Tone audiometry specialist checks the conductivity of air, which is determined by means of headphones. A man hears a sound and presses the button once. The result of the procedure reflects the audiogram.
3. With the help of computer examination can be diagnosed quickly. The study continues for approximately 2 hours. This diagnostic method is considered the most accurate.

laryngoscopy

Laryngoscopy is performed on special equipment in the clinic or in the hospital. There is all the equipment that may be needed urgently to the patient during the examination. During the study may appear serious complications that without rapid intervention will lead to the death of the patient within a few minutes.

Basically indirect laryngoscopy performed under local anesthesia. During the research specialist does not apply to instruments of the respiratory tract.

Laryngitis diagnosis is carried out in any clinic, hospital or private clinic. Survey value depends on its type. Study of audiometry is from 1000 rubles., And MRI of 700 rubles.

When to see a doctor

Labyrinthitis (symptoms in adults reveals Specialist), can lead to serious complications if left untreated. They are connected with the fact that inflammation is transferred to other structures located in the maze.

If the inflammation penetrates into the Fallopian canal and affect the facial nerve, it may happen peripheral neuritis. In this case it will suffer facial nerve. If suppurative labyrinthitis and reaches the temporal bone can develop petrozit.

When injected into the area of ​​the skull can cause labyrinthitis Otogenic complications:

• intracranial complications;

  

• to profound hearing loss;
• preservation of dizziness, even after treatment.

prevention

The main preventive measure to prevent the onset labyrinthitis - early treatment of colds and middle ear.

Also recommended:

• in any pain in the ears, consult an audiologist;
• middle ear rational treatment of purulent diseases;
• Timely surgical intervention;
• Sanitize operation in purulent labyrinthitis, aimed at preventing the development of intracranial complications.

therapies

When the disease labyrinthitis patient should be hospitalized because of it needs constant care. He needs complete rest and diet. Since the introduction of antibiotics in medicine, they become the main type of treatment.

Doctor prescribes antibiotic after careful examination of the patient and the collection of analyzes. If he has been purulent otitis media, it is necessary to improve the outflow of pus. The operation is performed only in extreme cases. Treatment labyrinthitis specialists are selected based on the form of the disease.

Methods can be of two types:

• medical;
• surgical.

medical

Antibiotic treatment. Once an accurate diagnosis specialist prescribes patient antibiotics. During the antibiotic does not use means that have ototoxic effects.

They damage the vestibular system and lead to irreversible consequences. Treatment helps reduce the pressure in the cochlea. Changes in the ears occur at high pressure due to liquid present. Carried out activities that contribute to the conclusion of fluid from the ear.

These include:

• limited fluid intake;
• limited use of salty foods;
• use of means, which have a diuretic effect.

Also carried prophylaxis trophic changes in a labyrinth and is used in the treatment vestibulolitiki.

Surgical

Labyrinthitis (symptoms in adults without treatment progresses rapidly) may take the form of suppurative or diffuse. In this case the patient shows operation. Also, surgery is performed in the presence of a fistula with a limited form of the disease. The goal of surgery is to purify the inner cavity of pus.

Before surgery, the patient is prescribed conservative therapy. Emergency surgery is needed in cases that have caused intracranial complications. When surgery specialist eliminates inflammation of the middle and inner ear. If it struck necrosis, the patient has to open the maze and completely remove it. Next, return him the rumor allow implants or hearing aids.

Medications

When treating labyrinthitis used antimicrobials and means to increase the blood supply to the inner ear:

ampicillin

The antibiotic of the penicillin group, which is destroyed by penicillinase. Its active substance ampicillin, and the auxiliary - potato starch, magnesium stearate, sodium phosphate. The drug has a bactericidal action and after ingestion well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Excreted in the urine and a re-introduction is not koumouliruet.

Indications:

• respiratory tract infections;
• upper respiratory tract infection;
• peritonitis;
• sepsis;
• meningitis.

Contraindications include allergic reaction to a substance means and liver function abnormalities. Medication prescribed for adults of 250-500 mg. The maximum daily dosage of 4 g The course of treatment 10 days. The drug is released in pharmacies with a prescription, and its price is 150 rubles.

oxacillin

Oxacillin is an antibiotic agent from the group of penicillins. It has a bactericidal effect and is active against many fungi, viruses, protozoa and gram-negative bacteria. Oxacillin produced in tablets and powder.

Indications:

• cholecystitis;
• sepsis;
• cellulitis;
• cystitis;
• meningitis.

Oxacillin is also used in the treatment of wound infections, infected burns. The drug belongs to the group of semisynthetic penicillins and penicillinase resistant action. Oxacillin designate an adult of 0.25 mg every 4 hours.

Contraindications:

• bronchial asthma;
• renal failure;
• enterocolitis.

Women during pregnancy means prescribed only when indicated. The drug is released with a prescription and costs from 450 rubles.

betahistine

The drug is prescribed for blood good cross in the basilar artery in the treatment of Meniere's syndrome. The tablets have a positive effect on the central nervous system, improve mental abilities, coordination and memory. Betahistine improves blood flow of the inner ear.

Means normalizes the pressure of the endolymph in the cochlea and labyrinth. For oral use of a positive effect is achieved after 48 hours. The action of the drug is directed to histamine receptors of the inner ear and vestibular nucleus of the CNS. Tablets are rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and reach high concentrations in 3 hours.

Indications:

• brain damage after injury;
• diseases of the inner ear;
• neurosurgical intervention;
• vestibular disorders;
• Meniere's disease.

Means prescribed by 24-48 mg per day. The cost of the drug from 400 rubles., Prescription.

vinpocetine

Vinpocetine is a medicament improving cerebral blood circulation and antihypoxic providing vasodilator action. Active ingredient means vinpocetine, which normalize the blood flow to the brain due to inhibition of platelet aggregation.

Indications:

• chronic insufficiency of blood flow;
• vascular diseases of the eye;
• dystonia;
• Meniere's disease.

Contraindications:

• arrhythmia;
• coronary heart disease;
• an allergic reaction to a substance means.

Vinpocetine administered 3 times daily for 5-10 mg. Means by prescription and it cost an average of 149 rubles.

Penicillin

Penicillin is a drug and the active substance group of antibiotics, which are called penicillin. The most effective way to use penicillin antibiotics - intramuscular injection. After 30 minutes, the blood a high concentration of funds.

Indications:

• focal pneumonia;
• sepsis;
• pyemia;
• meningitis;
• Acute osteomyelitis.

Means prescribed for adults from 250-500 mg every 8 hours.

Contraindications:

• while carrying a child;
• bronchial asthma;
• hives;
• hay fever.

The drug is sold by prescription and it cost 59 rubles.

Traditional methods

People who have observed inflammation of the inner ear, folk medicine helps to relieve the main symptoms of the disease and improve the effectiveness of drug therapy.

To belong to the safest:

• Instill ears;
• applications with natural substances.

Drops can be prepared from peppermint, rose oil, garlic:

1. For the preparation of drops peppermint leaves 2 hours. L and 200 ml of vodka are joined together. Before therapy is necessary to infuse medication 7 days. Further, in each ear canal is necessary to introduce 3 drops of infusion 4 times a day.
2. For the preparation of drops of rose oil 2 drops need to connect the product with 10 ml mummy. Mix well and immediately begin treatment. Ears need to dig a couple of times during the day 3 drops at a time.
3. Garlic drops do so: crushed garlic and combined with olive oil. The medicine is necessary to insist in a dark place for almost a day. Next, drain and put in a sick ear 2 drops three times a day.

Also sick ear can drip solution with honey. It is necessary to dilute the honey with warm water in equal parts and drip into each ear 2 drops. Even if labyrinthitis can do the swab. It is necessary to take the onion, squeeze out the juice and mix with vegetable oil. Next, soak a tampon solution and insert it into the sore ear.

Composition of burnet

To prepare the required 2 tbsp. l burnet add 0.5 liters of boiling water. Then the medication is necessary to insist a few hours. Drink it should be 3 times a day for 1 st. l. The treatment course of 7 days.

herbal

To prepare the collection need to take an equal number of yarrow, calendula, series. All components pour boiling water and infuse for 30 minutes. Ready means use a little throughout the day.

applications

Applications of labyrinthitis made as follows: onion juice is combined with the vegetable oil in equal parts, impregnated with a sterile cotton swab and placed in the ear. Procedure duration of 2-3 hours.

Other methods

Even the most effective drugs are not always able to help in case of problems with the vestibular apparatus. There are special exercises that you can do at home to reduce dizziness and improve the coordination of movement.

The most common types of exercises are:

1. In the sitting position and standing lock eyes on some stationary object, and turn his head without taking his eyes off the point.
2. Sitting on the bed to turn his head to the side of the ear that hurts and quickly go. When dizziness stop need to sit down again and repeat the exercise in the opposite direction.

Such exercises should be done twice a day, increasing their duration to 20 repetitions.

What to expect during treatment

The most severe symptoms disappear after the first week of treatment, but a full recovery will only happen after 2-3 months. Sensitivity to motion may trouble a few years after treatment, particularly for the elderly. Labyrinthitis rarely results in complete loss of hearing, but at the time begun treatment is practically impossible.

possible complications

If time does not begin to treat labyrinthitis, you can:

• appear intracranial complications;
• drop ears;
• disrupt the vestibular apparatus;
• It may appear Voltolini syndrome.

proper nutrition

For a quick recovery of the patient having a disease labyrinthitis, it is necessary to observe a certain diet. The disease process is necessary to use less salt and more natural products with a high content of mineral substances. The use of any liquids also need to be limited to 1 liter per day. Still it is necessary to refuse alcohol and carbonated drinks.

Labyrinthitis, the symptoms in adults and children are the same, belongs to dangerous diseases and fraught with the development of intracranial complications. Inflammation in the ear often requires surgery, which helps prevent brain damage.

Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great

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