Lice in children. The reasons than be treated at home, signs. Effective drugs, shampoos, drugs, spray, ointment, lotion

A common disease caused by bloodsucking parasites lice: head, platinum or pubic lice. The risk of the disease are both adults and children. The disease is amenable to treatment at home. It is necessary to strictly follow the recommendations of doctors.

The causative agent of pediculosis

The head louse is transmitted in direct contact with an infected person. The parasite lives in the hair, eyebrows, mustache and beard. No matter the purity of hair. Insect body has a length of 4 mm, the lives of 30 days. Throughout his life louse lays 140 nits (eggs) that are glued at the base of the hair shaft (within 5 cm from the scalp).

After 8 days from the egg comes out the larva. Using insect proboscis feeds on human blood. Without the power of life duration of the parasite depends on the ambient temperature. At 35 ° C - one day, at 10 - 20 ° C - more than a week. For the active development and reproduction of lice suitable temperature 28˚S.

Body louse lives in the folds of the fabric of bedding, clothes. The parasite feeds on human blood at the time of skin contact with the place of residence of the parasite. Speed ​​head lice faster parasite rate. Pubic louse occupying scalp in an intimate area, transmitted by sexual contact. He moves slower than head lice.

Occasionally a person has all three types of parasites - Mixed pediculosis.

The wounds on the skin of the head, resulting in intensive combing can get infected, causing a risk of occurrence of ulcers. Parasites are carriers of various serious diseases such as typhus and quintan.

How to detect parasites in a child

At the time of the bite of the parasites injected enzyme for blood thinners, which causes itching on the skin. Children are beginning to scratch their heads. Noticing the restless behavior of the child, parents should inspect the hair. Color parasite almost transparent if he is hungry. Saturate the body louse has a brown hue.

The presence of parasites gives them the presence of eggs on the hair shaft close to the scalp. Nits color varies from yellow to brown. Unlike dandruff are difficult to remove because the nits stick firmly to the hair shaft with mucus.

Most often lice can be found in the neck area, the temples, behind the ears. Sticky substance secreted by a large number of lice, stick hair. Formed mats. When you contact a pediatrician or dermatologist can diagnose a child's head lice by Wood's lamp. Under its rays lice and nits on the hair glow blue.

Detect lice easier when combing wet hair over a sheet of white paper. When sliding on the paper sypyatsya comb lice and nits. At the time of squeezing eggs nails, if there is a live larva lice, you can hear the crackle of bursting balls. Empty nit not making a sound.

The causes of the disease in children

Lice can not jump and fly. They creep at a rate of 32 cm per minute. Infected then possible by direct contact with a carrier of the pathogen.

The causes of childhood illness are:

• direct contact with a person infected with parasites and nits;
• the use of other people's personal care products: a comb, hair clips, towel, hat;
• with the use of common carrier parasites sleeper, linens;
• haircut in the barber shop, if experts are not disinfected instruments;
• being in the public crowded places.

Symptoms of the disease

Pediculosis has distinct symptoms:

• itchy places on the skin from the bites of parasites. Cootie provokes strong nocturnal itching, pubic parasite - slight skin brushing;
• restless, nervous child's behavior;
• matted hair stuck together with an unpleasant odor;
• visual presence nits glued to the hair shaft;
• inflammation of the skin at the bite, the appearance of gray-blue spots.

Classification of medical means

lice treatment for children and adults is aimed at destruction of adult parasites and their eggs. Lice are killed at high temperature or very low. It is necessary to wash clothing and bedding for 30 minutes. at a temperature of 60 ° C, dried in the sun for several days, then ironed steam iron.

Soft toys, which can also be home to parasites, it is recommended to put in the freezer for 12 hours. Combs are washed with water and ordinary soap. Open spaces biting lice doctors advise handle boric ointment 5%. Pediculosis in children treated at home is possible, using folk remedies, pharmaceutical drugs or combing.

Traditional methods:

• shaving bald head;
• hair coloring paint containing hydrogen peroxide;
• rinsing the hair with an aqueous solution of vinegar 9% (on a glass of water 1 tbsp. l. vinegar) dissolves adhesive nits, which facilitates their comb;
• shampoo tar soap poisons parasites;
• applying oil (sunflower, corn, olive) for a time, followed by washing with shampoo and combing head;
• use a hair mask of any essential oil suffocates parasites;
• greasing hair with kerosene;
• applying a strand of a mixture of plants (rosemary, parsley, dill, cherries and others);
• obrabatyvaniya hellebore water (sold in pharmacies). Suffice it to a single application. Water swab applied to the affected area parasites. At the end of 25-40 minutes. need to comb through the hair, then wash your hair.

Traditional recipes little efficacious and convenient to use.

To destroy head lice pharmacies sell many effective modern means of providing a neurotoxic effect on the parasites:

• drugs with dimethicone;
• insecticide malathion;
• Medical compositions comprising petrolatum;
• products based on permethrin.

Before the use of funds, experts recommend to test skin sensitivity to the composition. Pregnant women need to read the instructions carefully contraindications.

Shampoo for lice treatment

Pediculosis in children treated shampoos help in the home.

The following formulations are recommended for children under the age of 5 years:

• means Parazidoz It based on phenothrin, poisons parasites and cures the adhesive nits. The shampoo is applied to wet hair, lather and leave for 3 minutes. After rinsing the manufacturer recommends that a re-action. As a result, you need a comb to comb out the lice eggs from the hair. For the destruction of the surviving nits in a week you need to use shampoo again.

• The drug Pedilin created on the basis of malathion. Used in children after 2 years. After its application of the nits are not able to bring live parasites. The emulsion is applied to the wet strands, rubbed into the hair roots. Withstand composition under gusset 30 min., Rinsed shampoo. The procedure is recommended to repeat 7 days later.
• shampoo Paranit has, as the active substance Klearol mineral oil. Additional ingredients: perfumes, foaming agents. Suitable for children after 3 years. Are processed dry hair, let stand 10 min., Rinsed, combed parasites. 7 days a treat scalp shampoo should be repeated.
• Sumitrin suitable for children from 2 years. The active substance - phenothrin. Wet hair is covered with the composition for 10 minutes. The tool then rinsed and combed the lice.
• Means Neath Free created on the basis of a variety of essential oils. It is used in children from one year. It can be used daily. The result depends on careful preparation parasites combing after hair drying.
• Nix shampoo permitted for children after 6 months. The active ingredient - permethrin. Matured on wetted hair, for 10 minutes. Then washed off.
• The drug Knock universal for elimination of head and pubic lice and their nits, fleas, ticks. Used after 2 years. The active ingredient - permethrin. Are processed wet hair for 40 minutes. under the cap, wash off with shampoo.
• means Nydala It includes dimethicone, suitable for children after 3 years. Applied to the entire length of hair, after 45 minutes. rinse, combed out the nits. After 7 days, it is recommended to use the drug again.

After 5 years, expanding the list of shampoos:

• The drug Veda based on the main component of permethrin. Shampoo stand on the hair for 30-40 minutes. After a specified time to wash off.
• Higiya in the composition is permethrin and acetic acid. Experts advise, after using it to put on a withered acid hair nourishing mask.

Sprays and aerosols

Pediculosis in children treated at home, using sprays and aerosols, possible in the case of small areas of the scalp lesions.

• spray Parazidoz It has a composition similar to the shampoo out of this series. The composition is applied to wet hair. After 45 min. washed with a conventional shampoo. The procedure is no longer repeated.
• Aerosol Pair Plus the basis is permethrin. The entire length of the hair treated with vehicle and 10 min. wash off with shampoo. After drying, combed strands of dead lice and their eggs.
• spray Nydala is non-toxic composition. The basis - the two-phase dimethicone. Additional components: jojoba wax, triglycerides, fragrances. Spray generously moisturize hair, spreading over the entire length with a comb. After 45 min. louse, nit. After the procedure, you need to wash your hair using shampoo.
• Pedikulen Ultra It is an alcoholic solution of aniseed oil. Hair liberally sprayed with aerosol. After 30 min. wash off with shampoo.

• Paranit spray the composition is identical to the shampoo. Rubbed into dry hair roots, after 15 minutes. rinse with water, air-conditioned.
• aerosol Lavinal based on the oil of lavender, peppermint, ylang-ylang. Agent is applied under the cap at 30 min., Rinsed shampoo.
• Spray Rosh Tov It comprises pimento oil, coconut, geranium, aloe vera extract, plantain, marigold flowers, lemon, sage, calcium carbonate, propylene glycol, glycerin, peppermint. Rosh Tov sprayed on the entire length of hair, carefully rubbing the skin. After 15 min. you can wash your hair. If to withstand the composition on the hair for 6 hours, the result will be more efficient.

Lotions and concentrates

Lotions and concentrates are aqueous or alcoholic solutions of strong protivopedikuleznyh preparations.

• permethrin - solution with a strong destroying parasites and antiseptic activity. The composition should be applied to the hair and thoroughly rub into the roots. Then cover the head of a plastic bag on top of a scarf. After 40 min. solution should be washed off with warm water without using shampoo. Nit comb to comb out.
• Anti-bit - liquid soap, created on the basis sumitrina. Means rubbed into the roots, after 3 minutes. washed with water. Repeat once more.
• The drug Itaks It comprises phenothrin, polysorbate, sodium chloride, pine essential oil, sorbic acid, methylparaben. Means treated with wet hair. After 10 min. washed with water.

• lotion Syphax based on phenothrin. Apply to wet hair, wash off after 10 minutes.
• Fenolon based on phenothrin, it is an analogue of Syphax.
• Medifoks It consists of permethrin, ethanol, castor oil. Before use the composition is diluted with water. The solution was treated with wet hair with a swab. At the end of 25-30 minutes. washing means.
• Foksilon lotion It comprises benzyl benzoate. Applied to the pre-washed, dry hair, after 10 min. washed off. It is recommended to rinse the head with an aqueous solution of vinegar.
• Concentrate Medilis-SUPER It is based on Fenthion. Means you need to stand on the hair for 20 minutes. wash with soap and water.
• concentrate Avitsin It consists of permethrin (15%), surfactant, solvent, stabilizer. The preparation is diluted in water, applied to the hair for 15 min., Rinsed with water and shampoo.

In the form of a cream

Creamy cumbersome to use. Long-term excessive application of such formulations on the hair after some time requires a thorough shampooing.

• Benzyl benzoate cream include benzyl active ingredient, additional ingredients: polysorbate, sodium hydroxide, carbopol, bronopol, nipagin. Exterminate parasites has a rapid effect. The drug smear swab on the hair, rubbing into the scalp. After 30 min. covered with a scarf. Then the hair is rinsed and rinsed with 5% acetic solution. You must once again wash your hair with regular shampoo. After drying the hair need to comb out the parasites and nits with a fine comb. If necessary, a few days can repeat the procedure.
• means Nittifor It consists of permethrin and auxiliary substances. The cream is rubbed into the roots of clean, dry hair. In 10 minutes. washed with water and shampoo. It is recommended to rinse the vinegar diluted in water.

• The drug Knicks permethrin has an active substance. Further included isopropanol, cetyl alcohol, gelatin, Canadian balsam fir, citric acid. The cream is applied to washed hair is dry. First is rubbed into the roots, then distributed over the entire length. In 10 minutes. washed off.

ointments

In order to eliminate parasites on short hair to help a variety of ointments:

• Sulfuric ointment It is composed of 33% sulfur and paraffin. Remedy is diluted with water at a ratio of 1: 1 is applied to wet hair swab. Maintained under cap 30 min. After rinsing water rinsed the head vinegar solution (ratio 1: 1). Nits combed. The procedure is performed every week until the complete disappearance of the parasites.
• turpentine ointment It consists of turpentine oil and petroleum jelly. 25 mg of the composition is applied for 2-3 h on wet hair. By washing using a shampoo. 3 days later repeat the procedure.

• boric ointment It contains 5% of boric acid, and vaseline. 25 g of agent applied to the hair. Half an hour later washed off with water and shampoo.
• Serortutnaya ointment amidohlorida comprises 10% mercury, petrolatum, lanolin. Toxic to humans. Prior to use, you need to shave your head. Thoroughly rub the skin twice a day for a week.

After each application of ointment should be thoroughly combed parasites and eggs laid by them.

Tablets of parasites

The purpose of tablets is changing the taste of human blood, which would be unpleasant parasites.

Pharmaceutical companies offer:

• albendazole - anthelmintic drug. It contains albendazole, starch, sodium dodecyl sulfate, povidone, gelatin, methyl paraben, talc, magnesium stearate. The tablets are swallowed whole after meals. Dosage is indicated in the instructions.
• ivermectin - anti-parasitic drug. It consists of ivermectin, tocopherol acetate, dimethylacetamide, benzyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol. Means taken once 1 tablet in the morning on an empty stomach.
• levamisole - anthelmintic tablet. Composition: levamisole hydrochloride, calcium phosphate, starch, lactose, magnesium stearate, talc. Taking the drug according to instructions.

• Phenylbutazone. Composition: phenylbutazone, silica, sodium carbonate, talc, magnesium stearate, potato starch. Recommendations for the correct use and dosage of the drug are given in the attached instructions.

Tablets have contraindications for various internal diseases.

crests

Pediculosis in children treated at home more efficiently using combs to remove parasites. After a treat scalp medication, a number of nits survive. They need to be removed by combing. Conventional plastic combs do not give proper result.

Pharmacies sell special part of the metal ridges.

Frequency teeth 0.3 mm. Experts recommend professional combs AntiV (Russia), Nit Free (Argentina), Lice Guard (US). They all have a special laser incisions with long metal teeth. Manufacturers offer electronic comb Robi Comb, supplied tripping lethal to lice and discharges sounding in the presence of parasites.

Before the procedure, it is desirable to mow the child's hair as short as possible. It will be easier to comb out eggs of parasites, if lubricate the scalp balm oil (olive, geranium), cod-liver oil. It is desirable to carry out the procedure on the white paper. Repeat removing lice from the head is necessary for 2 weeks every 3 days. Comb after use disinfected with boiling water or alcohol.

It must be remembered that if a family has a person with lice, there is a great risk of the presence of parasites in the other members of the family. Experts recommend medications to treat protivopedikuleznymi whole family. Development of children's head lice prevention is better than a pound of cure.

A child needs to know that a group of children in undesirable conditions close contact with other children, to touch their heads. It is important to observe good personal hygiene, avoiding the use of other people's combs, elastic bands for hair, try on clothes other. Home parents should periodically inspect children's hair to determine the parasites.

Useful video on child head lice and how to combat the disease

Causes, symptoms and treatment of head lice in children:

Dr. Komarovsky of lice in children: