Zoster on the head of a child. Photo initial stage, symptoms and treatment

Zoster manifests itself in people with a genetic predisposition, or may be the cause of an infectious etiology. But more often, a disease common in children and adolescents.

This is due to their curiosity and desire to know the new world around them, not observing the rules of hand hygiene and body as a whole. Against this background, developing a fungal or infectious flora on the skin, increasing the risk of developing zoster on the head (face and hairy part) and the child's body.

What is ringworm on the head of a child

Zoster - a disease of the skin, infectious or noninfectious etiology, manifested by erythematous formations on scalp and face, as well as in certain areas of the body (flexor surface of the upper and lower limbs, abdomen, neck).

Affected areas small size are able to merge with each other, forming large patches. In this outbreak indicated severe itching and flaking skin. Ringworm is a highly contagious disease. At the slightest contact with a sick person or animal pathogen transmission is guaranteed a healthy person.

Pets (cats, dogs, cattle) and wild animals are the greatest threat to children, as a reservoir for the parasite. Fungi (pathogens), affecting the scalp are dangerous - hair loss with scarring. For a disease characterized by seasonality - the autumn-summer period. During this period, the incidence of zoster is increased.

Types of depriving the child on the head

Ringworm on the child's head (photo indicate the various options manifestations of the disease) are of the following types:

1. Ringworm(Ringworm, dermatofikoz, dermatophytosis) - pathogen are fungi kingdom Fungi, family Artrodermovye. This family unites generations Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton. Accordingly Names genera ringworm includes: microspores trichophytosis and athlete's. Fungi kingdom Fungi feed on keratin, which is a part of the skin appendages - hair, nails, and the surface layer of the epidermis. A characteristic feature for trihofitii - the "dark spots" in the lesion, which are broken off hair at 1-2 mm above the level of the skin, with abundant desquamation. Otherwise, the clinical picture is similar to microsporia - rounded education, with clear borders and white scales in the center. Trichophytosis transmitted from person to person (antropofilnymi trichophytosis) or from animals to humans (zoonotic trichophytosis). Microsporia subdivided by a method analogous trihofitii transmission.
2. pink zoster(Gibert zoster) - disease of the skin inflammatory nature, manifested mainly in children older than 2 years. On his head is very rare.
3. Lichen planus - a disease of unknown etiology (presumably a weak immune system, the psycho-emotional overstrain), which manifests itself in the formation of skin papules, vesicles and bumps. Part of their localization - hair follicles (the pointed shape of depriving). If there was such a place papule will mark dot hair loss. The disease occurs in both children and adults.
4. asbestovidnymi versicolor(Keratosis of hair follicles) - often manifested as a secondary disease (amid-type dermatitis seborrheic, chronic psoriasis, head injury). It occurs more frequently in children and adolescents and is characterized by loss of hair in a particular area without bringing discomfort.
5. Psoriasis(Psoriasis) - affects any surface of the body of an adult and a child. The etiology of psoriasis - a genetic predisposition. The prevalence of psoriasis - up to 25% of the world population. Psoriasis is still a pressing problem for dermatologists, whose treatment is symptomatic.
6. Pityriasis (multicolored) versicolor - a highly contagious illness caused by the fungus Malassezia and Pityrosporum. By chromophytosis include seborrhea - the defeat of the skin only the scalp, which is accompanied by a strong itch and desquamation. It explains this phenomenon by the fact that the fungi of the genus Malassezia (main causative agent) feed sebum. Isolation of the sebaceous secretion occurs through ducts communicating with the hair follicle. Normally, on the surface of human skin has a slight amount of this fungus, which poses no threat to health. When lowered immunity produced a large amount of sebum, promote rapid growth of the number of the fungus. Exactly it formed lesion.

Diagram of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles:

1. Hair.
2. The skin surface.
3. Salo skin.
4. Hair follicle.
5. Sebaceous gland.

Stage and grade of depriving the child on the head

The extent and stage of stripping at its various embodiments manifestations:

View depriving	The clinical picture in stages
Ringworm	The incubation period of the initial stage - 2-3 weeks. For the second stage of developing the characteristic clinical picture - there are small lesions that merge with each other, increasing in size. This process is accompanied by intense itching and flaking. A characteristic feature of ringworm - breaking of the hair at the root - 3 stage manifestations of the disease.
Pityriasis rosea (Gibert). Rarely affects the head.	At the initial stage, there is a parent plaque medium-sized, mid-which is bright red, with scales. When remote from the mother plaques pale pink pixels, one should speak of the transition to the second stage of the disease. This is due to changes in the immune system and the wrong treatment.
Pityriasis (multicolored) versicolor	In the early period - small patches of polygonal shape, pale shades on the background of normal skin. Over time, the spots coalesce to form larger lesions, flaky - the second stage of development. The third stage is represented by generalization spots - the appearance of the chest, neck and back. Itching insignificant. The patient is not contagious.
Lichen planus	The initial step is represented by bundles of small sizes of purple and red, accompanied by severe itching. At the beginning of the second step, the nodules coalesce into plaques, and the surface has the form of the mesh pattern. More common in girls. The disease is not considered contagious.
Psoriasis (psoriasis)	The clinical picture is similar to the clinic manifestations of lichen planus. In the initial stage it appears red erythema, dry, with scaly surface. In the second step of the process of merging patches into a single plaque. The child begins to disturb the constant itching, fatigue, weakness. In the third stage marked the generalization of the pathological process - distribution of plaques from head to other parts of the body, or vice versa.

All kinds of lichen in stages during its development:

1. Basic (hidden, incubation) period - when the clinical picture of the most hidden and the children do not complain. In a detailed examination of the baby's head, you can see: swelling and signs of local inflammation; black dots on the hair place; vesicles, papules, erythema on the scalp and face; clear focus of the border.
2. If remedial measures are not carried out, the initial period of transition into the expanded form - stage progression and spread.
3. Phase full resolution or becomes chronic.

Symptoms of lichen on the head of a child

Zoster on the head in children, depending on its type, has an individual, a few similarities between a clinical picture:

• change the hue of the skin at the site of injury;
• the emergence of a sense of discomfort in the hearth - itching, burning, soreness;
• surface of the affected area is shelled, covered with scales of different colors;
• localized hair loss or breaking of them by 2-6 mm above the level of the skin, forming a "hemp";
• increase in the overall clinical picture (general weakness, fatigue, irritability, tearfulness);
• on the site of depriving excoriations are traces - traces of scratching;
• growth clinic extends gradually, slowly, but not simultaneously;
• palpation of the affected surface is noted a localized increase in temperature, indicating a possible inflammatory component;
• the presence of bubbles, bumps, papules, erythema, and any other cutaneous manifestations on the site of the lesion, as in the photo above.

Sometimes there may be a low-grade temperature of the body of the child, with an increase in regional lymph nodes, as a result of a weakened immune system. In this case, the clinical picture of these patients will be more pronounced than in children with good immune response.

Causes of lichen on the head of a child

Zoster on the head of a child (Photo vary in etiological criteria) appears the following reasons:

1. fungal etiology - fungi of the genus Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton, and Malassezia and Pityrosporum pose an immediate threat to the child's body. Disease with fungal etiology: microsporia trihofitia, chromophytosis.
2. viral etiology - lichen planus, herpes zoster (rarely affects the baby's head), pink zoster Gibert.
3. autoimmunity organism or genetic predisposition - psoriasis.

Diagnostics of the lichen on the head of a child

Zoster on the head of the child (photo presented above) requires early diagnosis and early treatment for specialized medical care. On its stage, the doctor will do a complete inspection of the baby's skin, will bring his personal history and the illness, as well as conduct a differential diagnosis with other skin diseases.

To clarify the diagnosis, going to scrape the scales of the damaged area on a glass slide for the presence of fungi or mites. Also pediatrician conducted fluorescent diagnostics with Wood's lamp place alleged denying the presence of fungal flora - the most effective method for the identification of lichen.

Is bacterial material on nutrient media in order to avoid diseases with bacterial etiology.

The general condition of the child. Appointed consulting specialists: mycologist, dermatologist, surgeon, allergist, neurologist. All of the above is absolutely free (no treatment in private clinics) and held by the attending district pediatrician in the community.

When to see a doctor

Since the early period of the disease are asymptomatic, that at this stage of medical help are not traded. At the time of an advanced stage, when children become restless, whiny, and there are scratches on his head and a rash, parents take their children to the doctor.

Keep in mind that psoriasis (psoriasis) is not completely cured, but the quality of life is not affected. In the case of identification, you should consult a dermatologist for the symptomatic treatment of the child.

When ringworm and chromophytosis under Wood's lamp lighting will give a positive result. Accordingly, a dermatologist will be assigned antifungal and supportive therapy. When pityriasis versicolor effective method with iodine - staining of the lesion becomes brown.

When red flat and pink shingles, polymerase chain reaction of biological material will have a positive a result that suggests a viral etiology when the study of scales and lighting will have no result. Additional analyzes of blood (clinical and biochemical) help establish an inflammatory component (increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leukocytes).

For a quick cure and prevent possible complications, you should immediately seek medical help at the first stage of development of deprived, not doing self-treatment.

Prevention of zoster in the head of the child

For the prevention of zoster is important to be guided by several rules:

• wash your hands and the child's hands before meals and after a walk on the street;
• not to give the baby supercool;
• in the presence of chronic disease, timely treatment of conduct;
• not to self-medicate;
• other people's hygiene, especially children, use is prohibited;
• not come into contact with sick people.

Methods of treatment of zoster in the head of the child

Zoster on the head of a child, a photo of which is reproduced below, a serious disease that requires treatment for medical assistance at the first stage of the disease. The prognosis for this is favorable, and the rehabilitation of the baby will be faster.

Medications

80% of lichens have a fungal etiology, so therapeutic measures will include antifungal therapy. Depending on the type and stage of stripping is assigned ointments, gels and shampoos with antifungal effect.

In severe stages (progression stage complications) parallel use of ointments applied intravenous antifungal agents (fluconazole - 100.0, p 1 / s for 5 days).

ointments:

1. Clotrimazole. Effectively removes all kinds of fungi. Apply to affected skin 2-3 p / s, for 10 days. The cost of 1 tube - 30 rubles.
2. mikoseptin - aims to combat the causative agent of ringworm. Admission to 4 p / c, for a week. Cost of 1 packing - 300 rubles.
3. acyclovir - effective for herpes viral etiology (lichen planus, herpes zoster, shingles Gibert). Reception 4-5 p / s, for 2 weeks.

Shampoo "Dermazol" is used as an antifungal agent 1 r / s, up to 5 days. shampoo cost - 300-800 rubles. Before applying to the affected area should be thoroughly washed and dried this site. To correct dosage, frequency of application and duration of administration of the drug, it is important to consult a dermatologist.

Traditional methods

As maintenance therapy, can resort to folk remedies. When ringworm is advisable to use carefully milled paste of dried sunflower seeds with sour cream.

Apply this mixture stands 2-3 p / s until positive dynamics. Processing of iodine mixed with vodka (1: 1) The focus will also give good results. Aloe juice has an antifungal, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects and be effective in any type of stripping.

Use two methods of application of aloe in folk medicine:

1. Bath filled with warm water, but no higher than 37 degrees. The water is added 2-3 sea salt (50 g), with the addition of aloe juice or extract. Taking such baths to 3 p / s.
2. Applying aloe juice (from frayed leaves or purchased in a drugstore extract) on the surface of the lesion. Moisten a cotton ball and apply the extract for 10 minutes. Apply to 3 p / s.

Other methods

Physical methods of treatment:

1. ultraviolet therapy - improves the protective ability of the skin, speeding up the process of regeneration.
2. Laser therapy focus - increases metabolism in the affected area, stimulates the immune system, improving the quality of the skin reactive.
3. Electrophoresis using drugs - reduction of skin irritation, itching, discomfort at the source to prevent the possible spread of depriving other point.
4. acupuncture - improves microcirculation in the damaged zone, accelerating the regenerative capacity.

In parallel with physiological procedures should frequently go out into the fresh air and engage in an active lifestyle. As a teenager should not resort to the use of alcohol and tobacco. Recommended regular, healthy diet.

possible complications

If therapeutic measures have proved ineffective or is not carried out in view of the difficulties encountered in the early diagnosis, ringworm can be complicated by the addition of a secondary infection. In the hearth appear purulent raids. At an advanced stage in children is sometimes observed intoxication syndrome. Treatment may be delayed for a long time - up to a month and up.

In such cases, ringworm is able to pass into the chronic form.

Forecast depriving usually favorable and the quality of life of children not affected. There have minor cosmetic defects - Hair shortening a stripping zone, the occurrence of a large number of scales, forming scar at the site of injury in the resolution step.

Zoster on the head of a child - a contagious disease and is a threat to all the people around them with whom the patient is contacted. Such a patient is required to have personal hygiene and towels and bed linen.

All items used by the sick child must be treated with boiling water and disinfectants and laundry - washing and ironing. The patient should be isolated (school, kindergarten) for the duration of the disease. If manifestations of lichen, as in the photo, still arise, you should immediately consult a dermatologist.

Video of the shingles on the head of the child, its causes and treatments

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