Cardiopsychoneurosis. What is it for hypertensive, cardiac, mixed type. Symptoms, signs and treatment. Clinical guidelines, medicines

The group of pathologies of the circulatory system includes cardiopsychoneurosis, which are classified by hypertensive type. It occurs due to dysfunction of the vegetative apparatus. It is a common disease, which is often subject to young people.

Characteristics of the disease

Cardiopsychoneurosis hypertension type includes pathologies which involve dysfunction of the cardiovascular system in the initial stage.

They are based on a disorder of regulation of autonomic activity or its imperfection, which is independent of neurosis or organic abnormalities in the endocrine and nervous apparatus. The disease mostly occurs in young generation, teenagers, much less in individuals older than 40 years.

The defining characteristic of hypertensive type NDC is that dominates sympathetic zone VNS (Autonomic nervous system), and blood pressure is constantly striving to increase. In this case, increased systolic pressure readings and reaches 140-160 mm. Hg. Art.

Diastolic level may also rise slightly to 90-100 mm. Hg. Art. Elevated blood pressure is independent of hypertension. It develops from the fact that the violation of the VNS occurs at the level of the cardiovascular system. vessel walls are stretched more than is necessary for normal functioning, and it becomes a cause of high blood pressure.

Causes of

The causes of NCD following:

• physical and mental stress;
• acute or chronic infection;
• regular lack of sleep or excessive wakefulness;
• Mental nature of the injury;
• intoxication;
• influence of factors such as a hot climate, different vibration, noise or radiation;
• wrong diet;
• lack of exercise;
• hormonal disruptions in the body;
• nicotine addiction;
• finding a high-frequency areas;
• heredity;
• serious diseases of internal systems and organs;
• stressful situations.

In childhood and adolescence pathology arises from imperfections in the process of autonomic regulation. NDC appearance during enhanced growth and maturation of the body contribute to excessive physical activity, psychological and social environment surrounding the load.

development mechanism

Cardiopsychoneurosis, which is shared not only in hypertensive type, but also on cardiac and mixed species has a specific mechanism of development.

This disease develops from an imbalance in the autonomic nervous system, because the form of NCP due to the predominance of one of the divisions of the ANS (parasympathetic and sympathetic).

When excited by the parasympathetic portion, the bodies start to function in emergency mode, and in the case of sympathetic activation area the process is reversed and bodies of work slows down. With these two departments of the human body works ordered.

Disruptions in the activities of this subsection are called cardiopsychoneurosis when human organs and systems function in unharmonized.

For example, if one of the vital functions of devices have to work hard, it turns snubs, and vice versa.

This happens due to the fact that one of the areas dominated by the ANS.

The disease is manifested in the case when the parasympathetic section prevails. Normal activity of the body depends on the amount of blood entering the tissue.

For this purpose, at the appropriate moment vascular wall stretched or narrowed, thus entering the blood is coordinated in VNS subsections.

From this it follows that the body is supplied to the required volume of blood in a given time period. But in the case of reducing vascular tone, which occurs under the influence of the parasympathetic part in its operation failure occurs.

This factor causes a lowering of systolic performance, and it is believed that the main symptom of NDCs. The bodies of the insufficient amount of nutrients, which directly affects the appearance of other symptoms of the disease.

There may be a degeneration or tissue hypoxia. Such changes in the body and secured automated and dystonia becomes an independent disease. Pathological process appears after exposure to any stimuli (stress, or climate change).

The degree of severity

NDC severity level may be:

The degree of severity	symptoms
Weak	Pain presented moderate, occur only due to serious psycho-emotional overload. Vegetative-vascular attacks are not observed. Expressed tachycardia that occurs on the physical and emotional stress. Malfunction of the respiratory system are absent or expressed in an easy manner. ECG altered insignificantly. Preserved performance, slightly weakened physical endurance; Drug therapy is not needed
Medium-heavy	Variety of symptoms, cardiac pain syndrome is persistent. Chance of increasing vegetovascular disorders. Sudden tachycardia manifestation (reaches 100-120 u. / Min.) Physical capacity is reduced by more than 50%. Ability to work is impaired or lost at the time. It is necessary to use drug therapy
Heavy	Persistent and numerous clinical symptoms, which is not fade. Pronounced failures in the respiratory system. Tachycardia. Severe pain. Often marked vegetososudistye attacks. Cardiophobia. Depression. Legal capacity is lost or greatly weakened. Need treatment in hospital

possible complications

Cardiopsychoneurosis of hypertensive type can cause complications in a vegetative crisis:

1. Simpatikoadrenalovy, which provides:

• Severe headache with throbbing sensations.
• Palpitations, cardiac arrhythmias.
• Numbness and trembling of the limbs.
• The skin becomes pale and dry.
• Chills.
• Hyperthermia.
• There is a feeling of anxiety and fear.
• Mydriasis.

2. Vagoinsulyarnye accompanied by such signs:

• General weakness.
• Acute hypotension.
• Interruptions and fading in cardiac activity.
• Breathing becomes difficult.
• Insufficient amount of air.
• Increased sweating, skin redness.
• Disorders in the gastrointestinal tract.
• Lack of energy and general impotence.

3. Mixed in which the combined symptoms of types 1 and 2, and it is divided into:

• Light - with vegetative failures lasting 10-15 min.
• moderate severity - disorders manifesting continue for 15-60 minutes, while noting poslekrizovaya asthenia, lasting up to 1.5 hours..
• Heavy - accompanied by strong vegetative disorders and convulsions which take place for about 1 hour, then continued in 2-3 days appears asthenia. This species can become chronic and characterized by relapses.

Classification

In medicine, the NDC is classified into 4 types:

1. Cardiac. There have been failures in the work of the heart, there is a tachycardia or bradycardia. But also the destabilization of blood pressure heart rate returns to normal.
2. Hypertensive. Characterized by elevated systolic index and are in normal diastolic level. There is constantly observed a rapid pulse.
3. Hypotensive. It assumes a stable lowering blood pressure by 25-30 mm Hg in comparison with the normal value. Beating heart weakens and falls to 60 u. / min.
4. Mixed. It includes all of the above clinical signs of disease types. In this case, the patient marked pain in the heart, blood pressure peaks (high or low), imbalance pulsation arrhythmia and disruptions in respiration.

Symptoms neuro dystonia of cardiac type

NCD cardiac type is distinguished by symptoms:

• the main feature of the disease is pain in the area of ​​the heart;
• heartache has a different intensity and frequency of symptoms. It can vary from readily expressed aching and tingling periodically appearing before unbearable pain cutting and compressing the left side of sternum.
• painful feelings develop against factors such as strong emotional expressions, the sudden change in atmospheric pressure, sudden temperature changes and unbalanced diet;
• sudden tachycardia, in conjunction with a pain sensation leads to rapid deterioration of the general condition of the body. they are also accompanied by anxiety, passing horrified;
• the occurrence of shortness of breath and respiratory failure in the system. They are expressed in the form of closeness and the feeling of a foreign object in the respiratory tract, which does not make a sigh of full breasts;
• BP surges, against which in short period of time vascular spasms come in a relaxed state, and then vice versa;
• vegetososudistye disorder marked by dizziness, fainting reaching up to, fluctuations in body temperature regime and the problems with a chair and mochevyvedeniya.

antihypertensive form

Symptoms of mold manifestation of hypotensive NCD:

• vascular insufficiency of lowering systole to 90 mm. Hg. Art. and lower;
• faintness, limbs are cold;
• increased fatigue, muscle mass, weakening;
• bradycardia alternating with tachycardia;
• pain in the heart;
• headache that occurs because of poor weather conditions;
• physical and emotional overload;
• reduced working capacity;
• dyskinesia of the biliary tract;
• digestive dysfunction;
• violation of thermoregulation processes, low-grade fever;
• appearance of dyspnea;
• tendency to allergy;
• pale skin;
• cold sweat;
• It appears excessive irritability.

hypertensive form

Signs of hypertensive forms:

• BP reaches the level of 140/90 mm Hg, and the person does not feel the increase in well-being;
• headaches that are enhanced by intense physical activity;
• fast fatiguability;
• heart rate accelerates and reaches 100 u. / min .;
• disruptions in the thermoregulation system in children temperature rises in infectious pathologies;
• gastrointestinal destabilization operation, a predisposition to constipation;
• lacrimal gland dysfunction;
• depressed mood;
• insomnia;
• discomfort in the left area of ​​the chest;
• cold sweat and moist palms;
• oscillating pulse.

mixed form

Mixed NDCs affects many systems of the body and manifests itself as follows:

• cardiac disorders are expressed in the form of failure in a heartbeat, pain in the heart, sudden changes in blood pressure and clearly stood out in the area of ​​pulsation radial and carotid artery;
• UA positions appear migraine, anxiety, and fainting, restless sleep, decreased capacity, irritability;
• autonomic failure include excessive sweating, skin lose their normal color, the skin becomes dry and scaly;
• in the respiratory system dysfunction manifest themselves in the form of air deficiency, dyspnea, and hindered inhalation;
• thermoregulation different trembling in the limbs, there is low-grade and chills, hands and feet are cold;
• from the stomach is observed nausea, dry mouth and disorder of the chair;
• cerebral imbalance include headache, impaired vision, intolerance to noise.

diagnostic measures

Cardiopsychoneurosis of hypertensive type for the diagnosis requires such diagnostic measures:

• blood (and biochemical);
• urinalysis;
• ECG and echocardiography with the presence of Doppler. If you do a normal electrocardiogram, she does not reveal abnormalities.
• During removal cardiogram breathing techniques operate as hyperventilation (physiological assay), when the patient breathes vigorously for 40 min. If there is increased heart rate by 50% and simultaneously the ECG shows a negative teeth or increase in the amplitude - it indicates the presence of disease.
• Ortostatistichesky method involves changing the patient's position. First the man is 15 minutes, then standing. The evaluation scale corresponds to the sample described in the preceding paragraph.
• Installation diagnosis when entering drugs (potassium and blockers). After 60 min. after infusion of study medication ECG data and indicators to correlate the medication and after.
• Internal ultrasound systems of the body;
• study of adrenal function, endocrine glands, and the saturation of sex hormones;
• rentgenofyuorografiya thoracic;
• stress testing (monitoring activity of the heart and blood vessels at the same time a controlled physical activity);
• study the upper and lower BP values, which are studied in the dynamics.

medication

Soldier's heart treatment involves taking the following medicines:

• Inderal a blocker and saves human from heart arrhythmias, and increased heart rate, and also normalizes the emotional mood. To remove the vascular attack must be put under the tongue 1-2 tablets and slightly chewed. When the pulsation becomes weaker, the remnants of the drug should be spit out and rinse your mouth.
• diazepam used in multiple attacks of sympathoadrenal 2-3 p. daily doses of 2.5-5 mg, with panic attacks recommended one-time 10 mg drink means.
• phenazepam is indicated for the relief of autonomic disorders with severe symptoms of the disease. Admission includes 1 pc. 0.5 mg of 3 p. per day.
• Rudotel recommended to take in mixed form NDC of 10 mg of 3 p. in a day. The course lasts for 4 to 6 weeks.
• afobazol It helps to fight panic attacks, while not depressing the central nervous system work. With strong attacks should take 2 tablets 3 p. per day, with weaker attacks dosage should be reduced to 2 p.
• tenotome eliminates the overvoltage, dizziness and reduce sweating. The drug is also indicated for the treatment of dystonia in children. It is used in tablet form 3-4 p. daily 1-2 capsules under the tongue. The therapeutic course lasts from 2 to 3 months.
• cinnarizine It improves blood circulation, relieves tension and has the vasodilating action. The duration of treatment is extended to 2-3 months. To get rid of hypertension should take 1 tablet p 2. in a day.

Traditional methods of treatment

Cardiopsychoneurosis hypertension type itself includes traditional treatments:

• Infusion:

1. Make a composition of herbs - Article 5. l. St. John's wort, 2 tbsp. l. Highlander bird, 3 tbsp. l. strawberries, add to rosehip berries and 1 tbsp. l. raspberry leaves and nettles.
2. Measure 30-40 g collection and fill it with 0.5 liters of hot water in the thermos.
3. Set aside for 5-8 hours.
4. Drink 100 ml for 40 min. before meals for 4 months.

• Ginseng tincture It helps remove the symptoms of dystonia. It is necessary to use in the cold season on the 15 cap. 3 r. per day.
• The infusion of EleutherococcusWhich can be purchased in a pharmacy, it is considered effective adaptogen.

To prepare it at home should:

1. Connect 40 g rhizomes with 0.5 liters. vodka.
2. Take ½ hours. l. 3 r. a day for 30 minutes. before the meal.

• Medicinal teas as a sedative:

1. Mix equal amounts lemon balm, chamomile, sage or rhizomes of valerian.
2. Measure 2 tbsp. l. mixture and pour into a thermos.
3. Fill up the vessel with 500 ml of a boiling water and infuse for 4 hours.
4. Drink 100ml before each meal.

• Herbal tea:

1. Combine the dried fruit of barberry, currant, blueberry and black chokeberry.
2. The composition of the grind and mix thoroughly.
3. Pour 1 tbsp. of boiling water and drunk as a tea.

Physiotherapy treatments

Therapeutic treatments include physiotherapy NCD:

1. Bromine bath:

• The particles of iodine and bromine activation of the central nervous system slows down pulse and normalize the activity of the thyroid gland.
• This hydrotherapy beneficial effect on blood vessels and heart.
• The water should be 35-36⁰C, session duration of 8-15 minutes.
• It recommended taking 10 p. after 1 h.

2. The same properties have baths from the needles:

• They can be made at home.
• Pine extract can be purchased at pharmacies.
• One water treatments will need 50 grams of funds.
• The temperature regime of water is 36-37⁰ FROM.
• Duration of the course includes 20 sessions of 15 minutes.
• Admission - daily or every other day.

3. Contrast baths:

• Thermal stimulation of the skin receptors promotes the synthesis of hormones and improves the general condition of the vascular system.
• Manipulations are alternately performed.
• Initially, the degree of heat water for 2-3 min. must be 35-40⁰ C., followed by 1 min. It varies from 17 to 26⁰FROM.
• The procedure should be repeated 3-6 p., With complete it with cool water.
• Contrast hydrotherapy recommended to carry out 2 r. a week for 1 month.

4. Circular shower:

• Mechanical action on the receptors in the skin to stimulate the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus, as well as activate compensatory elements SNC.
• At the beginning of manipulation water temperature reaches 35-36⁰C., and is then at a slightly reduced to 25⁰ FROM.
• The therapeutic course consists of 20 daily doses.

5. Turpentine baths:

• Sympathoadrenal regulate the activities of the unit, activate the heat flow and skin blood flow, so that the blood pressure is reduced.
• In the home environment should be added to the bath to 30-40 ml of a milky emulsion.
• Recommended daily taken in the evening for 8-10 minutes.
• Duration of therapy provides 10 days.

Dysfunction of the autonomic system, cardiopsychoneurosis, particularly in hypertensive type, do not pose a threat to humans, and therefore assumed a favorable course of the disease. In any case, to prevent aggravation of the situation, we should not ignore the signs of the disorder, and should consult an expert.

Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great

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