Increased insulin in the blood. What it means adolescent, child, women with normal sugar. Treatment

Elevated insulin levels in the blood indicates the presence of abnormalities in the body. Insulin plays a key role in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism, and any disorder associated with a change in the concentration, entails a number of negative consequences. When the first symptoms caused by an excess of the hormone in the body, we must pass a comprehensive examination, in order to prevent the development of other pathologies.

What is insulin and its role in the human body

Insulin - a hormone the pancreas, which affects the metabolism in all body tissues and reduces the level of glucose in the blood. Insulin called specific protein which is produced in the beta cells of the proinsulin, after released into blood vessels and supports the required level of glucose, as well as in uchuvstvuet fat metabolism.

One of the main functions of insulin is that it increases the permeability of the plasma membrane to glucose. Without his action is not possible entry of glucose into the cells, which leads to energy starvation for the whole organism.

Insulin also plays an important role in the course of the following processes:

• increased synthesis of lipids and proteins;
• Process improvement of digestibility of amino acids;
• performance of transport functions by moving ions into cells;
• activation of the important enzyme of glycolysis;
• conversion of glycogen from glucose in liver and muscle fibers.

Increased insulin in the blood affects the glucose oxidation rate slows down metabolism and increases the amount of cholesterol in the body.

The norm of insulin in the blood

Displacement insulin serum varies during the day. This process influences the functioning of the pancreas, which changes the intensity of emission hormones postprandial excessive physical activity or during stress.

On the performance is also affected by age, weight, condition of the human hormone balance, and therefore insulin rate varies within a wide range and has different values ​​in children, men and women.

In children and adolescents

Norma insulin in children and adolescents has significant differences. This is due to the fact that until puberty, a child does not need a lot of energy.

Starting with 13-14 years adolescent body begins to undergo a number of changes related to hormonal restructuring, increased level of insulin resistance, and accordingly increases the amount of produced insulin

The rate for children up to 13 years	Adolescents over 13 years
2,7-10,4 mU / ml	3-25 mU / ml

In adults, men, women

Indicators of insulin in men are more stable than those of women, and depend on two elements: the age and weight.

18-25 years with normal weight	2,7-10,4
18-25 years with obesity	3-24,9
25-50 years with normal weight	3-25
over 50 years	6-35

On blood insulin levels in women are also affected by the age and weight, but additional factors appear during pregnancy and use of oral contraceptives and hormonal agents.

woman 25-50 years	3-25
women over 50 years	6-35
during pregnancy	6-27

Primary reasons for increasing insulin

Increased insulin in the blood can be precipitated by primary and secondary causes. Primary processes caused by disturbances in the functioning of the pancreas, and the secondary - become a consequence of other pathologies.

neoplastic process

Elevated insulin levels in the blood, in some cases, provoke a tumor in the pancreas - insulinoma. Neoplasm localized in any part of the body, has the capacity for autonomous uncontrolled development of insulin, which leads to a sharp increase in its blood level.

Reduced secretion of glucagon

Glucagon - a hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas and is in close relationship with insulin. However Insulin regulates blood glucose by decreasing its quantity and glucagon causes breakdown of glycogen and inhibits its production, thereby increasing the level of glucose.

Despite the opposite action of two hormones, glucagon believe stimulator of insulin production. Reduced secretion of the hormone produced by the alpha cells, leads to excess insulin produced.

The early stage of diabetes

In the presence of diabetes is considered to be a characteristic feature of the lowering of insulin levels. But elevated hormone indicators can also be a sign of this disease.

This phenomenon is known as "insulin resistance" - when the pancreas is fully or in excess produces insulin but for some reason the cells lose thereto susceptibility. As a consequence, glucose oxidation rate decreases, there is increasing its levels in the body.

secondary causes

In secondary hyperinsulinism on blood insulin levels affect lesion of the nervous system and the liver, the presence of tumors and other reasons:

• Fasting and eating disorders - with prolonged use increased physical activity insufficient amount of carbohydrate foods leads to a decrease in blood sugar levels.
• Overdose of drugs that are used to lower the amount of sugar in treating diabetes
• Lack of enzymes involved in the processes of glucose production.

gastrectomy

After the resection of the stomach observed shortening of the gastrointestinal tract, and therefore consumption digested food quickly penetrates into the small bowel intestine, in which the absorption of a large number of carbohydrates. They provoke the start of active work of the pancreas. And the amount of insulin produced by the body increases.

neuroses

When overexcitation occurs neurotic states of the central nervous system, which leads to irritation of the vagus nerve and active development of the pancreas secretory cells. This process causes an increase in insulin levels.

liver damage

When liver lesions (hepatitis, cancer, cirrhosis) reduces the amount of generated glucagon, located in close relationship with insulin and affecting the amount of blood.

Tumors

On the amount of insulin produced by tumors may affect disposed in peritoneal space. To perform the exchange in tumor cells need a large amount of glucose, the lack of which leads to increased amounts of the hormone.

pathology metabolism

metabolic pathology cause endocrine disorders which lower kontrinsulinovyh hormones, and hence increase the level of insulin.

What does it mean if elevated insulin and sugar levels are normal?

Elevated insulin at normal levels of blood sugar, in most cases caused by improper and an unbalanced diet.

At the use of a large number of sweet, fatty foods and flour pancreas works in the strengthened mode, as there is an active glucose production, the processing of which requires a sufficient volume insulin. For this reason, the blood accumulates much more insulin than the body needs, and the sugar level remains unchanged.

Other reasons for the increased insulin on a background of normal indicators of sugar include:

• initial stage of obesity;
• tumor in the liver, affecting the production of glucagon;
• diabetes type II;
• during pregnancy;
• muscular dystrophy.

Symptoms improving insulin

Increased insulin in the blood causes a lot of changes in the body, affecting the proper functioning of some organs and systems.

Even a slight increase in the hormone indicator triggers a series of characteristic symptoms:

• fast fatiguability;
• constant feeling of hunger;
• excessive sweating;
• dry mouth and the sensation of thirst;
• long healing of skin lesions;
• irritability;
• sharp weight gain;
• frequent urination.

The characteristic symptom is at elevated insulin hypersecretion of sebaceous glands. On the skin, pimples and redness, it becomes zhirnovat shine, dandruff and seborrhea in the hair growth.

How is the diagnosis

Diagnosis at an elevated insulin involves the use of laboratory and instrumental investigations. Diagnosis is based on clinical manifestations and the preparation of the patient's history.

The laboratory studies include:

• daily measurement of glucose level (glycemia);
• functional test with starvation.

Glycemic profile - dynamic monitoring of blood sugar levels. During the day there is collection of blood in a patient in an amount of 6-8 times. To conduct the study used a special device - the meter. The first batch of blood is collected early in the morning on an empty stomach. Further charges carried postprandial every 2 hours, and at night with an interval 3 hours.

After the daily monitoring of blood sugar results is compared with the norm. In identifying deviations appoint the next stage of laboratory research - functional tests.

Functional test with fasting as follows: the patient does not eat food for 24 hours since the last reception. During the tests the patient is only allowed to drink water and tea without sugar.

Against the background of an overnight fast, in the morning, blood is taken to determine hypoglycemia and repeated manipulation of every 2 hours. If you have any sign of a hypoglycemic attack glycemia investigate regardless of the time. In patients with impaired blood glucose has been observed within the first 4 hours after initiation of the study.

To the instrumental methods of diagnosis include increased pancreatic insulin survey, namely:

• ultrasound;
• MRI;
• scintigraphy.

How to prepare and how to get tested

For the blood test to determine the level of sugar is important preparation.

For high-quality collection of material need to follow some guidelines:

• 1-2 days before delivery of the analysis is better to renounce the use of fatty foods and sweets;
• between the last meal and the time of blood donation must be at least 8-12 hours;
• for 12 hours forbidden to use sodas, juices, tea and coffee with sugar is allowed to drink water without gas;
• during the day prior to blood sampling it is recommended not to smoke;
• in the case of medication to inform the doctor;
• in the presence of infectious diseases or general malaise feeling better postpone the analysis;
• on the eve of the day of blood sampling to avoid stressful situations and intense physical activity.

At the time of the analysis of the hands should be thoroughly washed with soap and water. Do not use alcohol-based solutions, and antibacterial agents for the treatment of the hands. Blood collection is carried out strictly on an empty stomach.

How can you reduce high insulin?

Tactics of treatment with high insulin will depend on the reasons that triggered its increase. Reducing hormone comprises the use of drug therapy, the purpose of the special diet and exercise therapy.

medication

Drug treatment is directed to a full normalization of the pancreas and insulin synthesis settlement.

Drugs used to lower levels of insulin, are also suitable for:

• lower cholesterol;
• stabilization of arterial pressure;
• reduce appetite.

By increasing the insulin against the lowered use sugars glucose solution, administered intravenously. In acute forms of hyperinsulinism used glucagon or adrenaline.

For the settlement of insulin levels, increase which trigger the development of an early stage of diabetes, is often used:

• Siofor - means in the form of tablets, which reduces the blood glucose concentration. The active ingredient of the drug is metformin. Medication taken during meals and 1 tablet 2 times a day. After 10-15 days, the dose may be increased up to 3-4 tablets for 24 hours.
• Glyukofazh - a drug stimulating glycogen synthesis, and increases the receptor's sensitivity to insulin. It helps reduce body weight. Dosage regimen: 1 tablet 1 time per day during dinner. Dose adjustment takes place on the basis of the level of glucose in the blood, every 10-15 days.

To stabilize blood pressure using calcium inhibitors.

Among them are the following drugs:

• nifedipine;
• nicardipine;
• Foridon;
• Diltiazem.

Cholesterol-lowering medications used statins and fibrates group:

• Atomaks;
• Torvakard;
• Livazo;
• Lipostat.

invalid food

Elevated blood insulin requires patient compliance with the special diet, the effect of which is directed at the hormone indices settlement. Correctly chosen diet can help prevent the development of diabetes, reduce the weight and normalizes high blood pressure.

Dietary food includes:

• the use of moderate amounts of complex carbohydrates (100-150 g daily);
• rejection of fried, fatty foods, sweets and fast food;
• rejection of fizzy drinks and juices high in sugar;
• eating lean meats and fish, dairy products, raw and steamed vegetables, cereals, legumes;
• split meals 5-6 times a day;
• abstinence from alcohol;
• application sweeteners instead of sugar;
• drinking regime.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy (physical therapy) in combined therapy has a beneficial effect on the whole body. Set of special exercises developed individually based on the initial data and the patient's state of health. Proceed to therapeutic physical exercise is possible only after consultation with an endocrinologist, and after evaluation of the cardiovascular system.

Exercise helps:

• increase the sensitivity of cells to insulin;
• improvement of blood circulation;
• reduce the risk of complications and strengthen the immune system;
• stimulation of tissue metabolism processes.

The complex exercise exercise therapy distributes the load on all muscle groups, and conducting exercises happening in slow motion with sufficient amplitude.

During physical activity is important to monitor breathing and pulse and terminate sessions with the first signals of the body of ailments development. Duration training exercise therapy is 15-35 min. The process of physical activity is carried out under strict medical supervision.

Traditional recipes

Recipes of traditional medicine can not eliminate the causes of the increase of insulin in the blood, however, help to eliminate violations of the symptoms and reduce the hormone performance.

In order to eliminate the excess of insulin used:

• Beet juice. 3 large beet rubbed on a fine grater and squeeze the juice out of the mix. For daily intake needed about 200 mL of juice, divided into 4 doses.
• Potato juice. Of grated raw potatoes to overcome 100 ml juice. Eat 2 times daily 50 ml for 2 hours before eating.
• A decoction of the stigmas of maize. 100 g of corn stigmata grind using a mixer or grinder and pour 400 ml of boiling water. Infuse the resulting solution for one day in a dark cool place. Consumed 150 ml 1 time per day.
• Broth from leafs. 5 pieces. laurel leaf grind into powder and pour 1 cup boiling water. Infuse for 12 hours in a cool place. Consumed 50 ml 3 times per day.
• Decoction of burdock root. 2 tbsp. l. crushed burdock root pour 200 ml of boiling water for 2-3 hours. Take 1/3 cup 3 times a day after meals.

The consequences of increased insulin levels

Increased insulin in the blood serum of a negative impact on the state of the whole body and can lead to the development of a variety of disorders:

• hypoglycaemia, in which a decrease in performance, fatigue, irritability, decreased concentration and attention;
• activation of the growth of benign cells, which can later develop into malignant;

  

• renal failure;
• atherosclerosis;
• increased fragility of bones;
• occurrence of hypertension, increases the risk of stroke and heart attack.

Elevated insulin levels in the blood increase the risk of diabetes and requires a thorough examination of the body to determine the reasons for the excess.

After all the diagnostic methods assigned complex treatment consisting of the application of drugs and the compliance with the special diet. Timely initiated therapy helps prevent complications and improve overall health.

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

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