An overdose of vitamin D. Symptoms in adults, children, babies. What to do, than to treat

Vitamin D has a positive effect on the circulatory system, regulates calcium metabolism, prevents cancer. Receive this substance can not only from food: it promote the development of solar rays.

A lot of this vitamin gets the one who often sunning on the beach or sunbathing. However, its overdose can cause harm. Of the symptoms that accompany the formation of kidney stones, inflammation of the gallbladder, nausea, constipation, loss of appetite.

To avoid negative consequences, it is necessary to know how much vitamin D is considered normal. The exact dosage depends on the age and individual to individual.

symptoms of overdose

Fat-soluble form of vitamin D tends to accumulate in the body. The major danger of overdose is calcium deposition in tissues.

Too much calcium adversely affect:

• the circulatory system;
• kidneys;
• nervous system;
• liver.

In particular, with an overdose of vitamin D, hypercalcemia may occur early atherosclerosis or heart stop. In kidneys with an excess of calcium salt delayed start of this element, however there is a risk of stone formation.

When excessive amounts of calcium a person becomes drowsy, irritable, gets tired quickly, it is often a headache. salt deposits - is the cause of toxic hepatitis.

The main features of primary overdose of vitamin D are:

• nausea;
• vomiting;
• poor appetite;
• diarrhea;
• constipation;
• excessive thirst;
• headache;
• decreased muscle tone;
• skin rashes;
• excessive sweating.

If you do not take measures to reduce vitamin D in the body, secondary symptoms may occur after some time.

These include:

• causeless anxiety;
• frequent changes in pressure;
• frequent urination;
• renal dysfunction.

Diagnostics

An overdose of vitamin D, the symptoms of which have a primary and a secondary form is diagnosed based on clinical and biochemical examinations.

When the diagnosis is determined:

• the amount of calcium and phosphate contained in the blood and urine;
• the amount of alkaline phosphatase;
• exchange rate of bone substances.

Biological and chemical markers overdose of vitamin D are increased content:

• calcium;
• potassium;
• magnesium.

Roentgen tubular bone with an overdose of vitamin D characterized by a large amount of calcium in bone epiphysis, high porosity diaphysis. If abnormal liver function, kidney, stomach and blood vessels begin to deposit calcium salts.

Differential diagnosis of an overabundance of vitamin D is performed:

• calcification;
• leukemia;
• bone tumors.

Diagnosis in Children

If the patient is a child, diagnosis is difficult. The main difficulty lies in the fact that the signs of hypervitaminosis no different specificity and they can easily be mistaken for symptoms of other diseases. In this case, not be able to do without the help of a specialist. Only a doctor can prescribe the diagnosis and determine the amount of vitamin D in the blood.

The doctor will conduct a survey of other bodies, to assess the extent of damage and to develop an individual treatment plan. In the most severe cases, the child will be admitted to the children's department.

Blood analysis

The primary evidence of excess vitamin D is the result of a blood test, which is taken from a vein. Such a diagnosis is carried out quickly, do not need a long time to prepare for it.

The main thing is to remember the patient: before the blood donation for 2-3 hours can not eat any food, and for 30 minutes before the test - expose your body to physical stress. Smokers have over 30 min to abstain from cigarette.

Within 24 hours prior to the diagnosis can not take multivitamin complexes, and should refrain from drinking alcoholic beverages. Alcohol, even small amounts affect the composition of blood, as a result of diagnostic indices may be false.

sample Sulkovicha

A positive result would demonstrate Sulkovicha sample hypercalciuria - a high concentration of calcium salts in urine.

The price for the service "Sample Sulkovicha" in Moscow starting from 100 rubles. The average cost - 250 rubles.

When to see a doctor

An overdose of vitamin D, the symptoms of which are expressed clearly requires referral to a specialist, especially for pregnant women, and young and elderly patients. Treatment may be carried out in the hospital or outpatient, it depends on the state of the victim.

Treatment of hypervitaminosis D is engaged therapist. If the disease affects the child should be referred to a pediatrician. To develop a scheme for effective treatment, your doctor may refer to a consultation with a nephrologist, neurologist or cardiologist.

To apply you need a doctor if:

• suffered from an overdose of a child;
• Symptoms of vitamin excess observed in the elderly person;
• there are signs of an overdose of a pregnant woman;
• the victim is unconscious;
• a person shows symptoms of dehydration: thirst, low blood pressure, tachycardia, reduction of urine and its detachable changing the concentration, dry skin and mucous membranes.

prevention

An overdose of vitamin D can be avoided by identifying the primary symptoms of the disease, immediately restrict the use of products that contain this substance and abandon food rich in calcium. In this case, you should try to spend less time in the sun. In the summer it is recommended to wear light, well-covered clothing.

Equally important is the use of water. Should try to drink it as much as possible. Water should be simple, does not contain any impurities. Daily need to drink at least 2 liters.

It is recommended to do it for half an hour before a meal, and then - after 1 h after the meal is finished. You can drink every time, for example, 1-2 tbsp. To avoid an overdose of vitamin D, it is important to try not to exceed the daily need of the substance.

Doctors believe a safe dose of 700 ME in the day, when it comes to adults but not older people. The dosage is increased slightly for those whose age exceeds 50 years. In this case, considered a safe dose of 900 ME per day. 200 ME is higher for pregnant women.

therapies

If in a short time, the body receives too much vitamin D dose, do the following:

1. Rinse the stomach. To do this, you can drink 1 liter of plain water and induce vomiting. It can be dissolved in the water a little manganese.
2. Take saline laxative - magnesium sulfate.
3. Take the adsorbent.

It should be remembered that no specific antidotes for vitamin D does not exist, but some agents may reduce its negative effects on the body. Such is, for example, vitamin E.

A specific antidote is not used. When intoxication against long receiving vitamin D to cancel the drug immediately. The hospital offers several treatment measures that are intended to reduce the negative effects of an overdose.

These activities include:

• administration of drugs that enhance urine output;
• administration of corticosteroids, which normalize the processes occurring in the cells;
• restriction of use of food rich in vitamin D (this applies to certain seafood, egg yolk, milk and beef liver);
• administration of sodium bicarbonate and glucose;
• reception of pantothenic acid, and vitamins A, B and C, which help to accelerate the elimination of overdoses;
• ban on prolonged exposure to sunlight.

Medications

An overdose of vitamin D, the symptoms of which have been discovered and confirmed later, calls for the immediate Cancellation of this vitamin supplementation as well as from those multivitamin complexes, which contain calcium.

They can be assigned:

appointment	Description
injections	When intestinal toxemia compensate for the deficiency of water, protein and salts. Liquid is introduced at the rate - 150 ml per 1 kg body weight. Most of it is administered intravenously, and the rest - in small portions through the mouth. First, colloids are used exclusively, then it starts with their alternating crystalline. When neurotoxicosis except infusion therapy, dehydration is carried out. Assigned furosemide injection 0.5 mg per 1 kg of body weight per day
cholestyramine	This drug binds is present in the body of vitamin D, and not allow him to be absorbed into the blood. Cholestyramine must be applied twice daily to 500 mg per 1 kg body weight. The average price of the drug Cholestyramine - 1800 rubles. In the audio pack 12 of tablets, each weighing 4 g
diuretics	Prescribed for severe vitamin D overdose
Insulin	Used to enhance the production of calcitonin, which is able to provide hypocalcemic action administered insulin. This is done once a day for 2-4 units per quarter of an hour before a meal. Simultaneously, the vein is also inputted glucose solution
steroids	Of this group of funds used prednisolone and prednisone. Their method reduces the negative impact of vitamin D in the body. In addition, these drugs accelerate the excretion of calcium from the blood. More often than adults appoint 20-30 mg per day. This dose is typically allocated 5 receptions. Cost prednisolone drug in Russian pharmacies varies from 15 to 120 rubles., Prednisone pack can be bought for 250 rubles.
tocopherol	This substance, which is vitamin E, has antioxidant properties and reduce the negative impact of vitamin D. Take tocopherol need inside 1-2 times a day for 5-10 mg. Duration of therapy - 1,5 weeks
Vitamin A	He has a positive effect on bone mineralization and reduces the concentration of calcium in the blood. Take it should be for 4 weeks
Vitamin C and B	Used to lead to normal metabolic processes

Traditional methods

Positive influence on the organism with hypervitaminosis D are some herbs and berries. Many of them contain sufficient amounts of vitamins and other substances necessary for the normal functioning of the body. The main thing when they use to comply with the norm, so as not developed symptoms of another hypervitaminosis.

There are many popular recipes cooking tools to help at hypervitaminosis. Many of them will benefit not only with vitamin D overdose, but also in an excess of other vitamins.

Namely:

Means	Description and preparation
peel of watermelon	Watermelon rinds to grind, and then put in a pot of water and boil for 60 minutes. The optimum ratio of watermelon peels and water - 1:10. Take, for example, 200 grams of peels require 2 liters of water. Get the broth must be given time to cool down. When it gets cold, it must be filtered and add the juice of 2-3 lemons. The resulting beverage can be used as a tea in any amount
Viburnum	It needs to take the fruits and leaves of viburnum from which to prepare a decoction. On the day you need to drink 1 liter of such funds
Currant	Infusion of leaves of currant vodka take 3 times a day. Dose 1 - about 20 drops
Aloe	For the preparation of a medicament of aloe and honey, crushed leaves of the plant is necessary, run them through a meat grinder or blender processed. The resulting slurry should be mixed with honey in a ratio of 3: 2. If it was taken 150 g of aloe leaves, it takes 100 g honey. Mixture should insist for a week and then you can begin to accept it. This is best done before meals, 1 dose - 50 g
briar	Decoction of rose hips you need to take twice a day for 1 st.

Other methods

An overdose of vitamin D, the symptoms of which are mild and does not require treatment in a hospital. Therapy can be carried out at home, but at the same time it must take place under strict medical supervision. If, however, a form of vitamin D excess heavy, the treatment will be carried out in the hospital.

The essence of the therapy is to limit the volume entering the body of vitamin D, as well as in the elimination of toxicity.

Because the disease can cause changes in the internal organs before treatment and during We must be carried out additional tests aimed at detecting signs of violations of the tissues and authorities. If symptoms are detected, require replacement therapy.

From the diet of those suffering hypervitaminosis D, should be excluded foods that contain large amounts of this vitamin. The patient will have to limit the consumption of foods containing calcium.

To ensure normal metabolism of the organism, is assigned auxiliary treatment, which essentially amounts to the use of vitamins B and C.

Hypervitaminosis suffering from diet should be diverse, food - balanced. Should eat more natural food, which does not contain dyes, preservatives, and sweeteners and other chemicals, which can not be called healthy.

Those who have no appetite, it is recommended to eat a fractional: many times a day, but in small portions. In drawing up the diet should be preferred fresh fruits and vegetables. You should try to eat more fresh greens. The benefit will go to the cucumbers, tomatoes, sunflower seeds and pumpkin, nuts, various cereals.

possible complications

vitamin D dangerous overdose following complications:

• deposition of calcium in the kidneys. If untreated stones are formed;
• liver pathology, consisting in an insufficient amount of bile secreted;
• the occurrence of atherosclerosis, due to the fact that all excess calcium contained in the body, is deposited on the inner surfaces of the vessel walls;
• change in bone density and hazardous pathological fractures;
• pain in the muscles and joints;
• polyuria. So called disease where decreased urine specific gravity;
• osteoporosis;
• low back pain;
• clouding of the lens and cornea;

If hypervitaminosis observed in newborns, it can affect their physical and mental development. They will keep up with their peers. These children will be reduced memory and attention.

Reflected a surplus of vitamin D and calcium and of organs of the child. corneal vessels will not receive all the necessary material for them. The result will iritis. When an excess of vitamin D increases the risk of spine pathology in the child.

If the patient will ignore the treatment after the detection of overt symptoms of vitamin D overdose, he will doom yourself to failure of internal organs and the nervous system. As a result, the permeability of the cells will deteriorate and it will lead to premature aging. However, it is not necessary to assign medicines and vitamins itself, this must be done only by a doctor.

Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great

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