Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (AT - TPO) - compounds that are produced by the immune system to fight pathogens. In rare cases, the AT - TPO act against healthy cells. Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase should not go beyond the norm in the female body, as it will negatively affect the patient's health.
The content of the article:
- 1 What is thyroid peroxidase antibodies?
- 2 What is the value of antibodies to TPO are for the body?
- 3 Norma antibodies to thyroid peroxidase in women by age, pregnancy
- 4 Indications for analysis purpose
- 5 Preparing and conducting research
- 6 Duration biomaterial processing, decoding analysis
-
7 The reasons for the deviations from the norm
- 7.1 increase
- 7.2 lowering
- 8 Treatment for elevated antibodies to TPO
- 9 Treatment at lower antibodies to TPO
- 10 Consequences and complications of deviations of parameters from the norm
- 11 Video of antibodies thyroid peroxidase
What is thyroid peroxidase antibodies?
Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (rate of women is important for diagnosis) is produced under the influence of the immune system during the penetration of pathogens. Occasionally the immune system goes astray and begins to react to their same cell.
Thyroid peroxidase - an enzyme that produces the thyroid gland. It produces thyroid hormones origin, hence, the name. Namely, thyroxine and triiodothyronine. The enzyme responsible for the production of iodine and regulation of metabolic processes.
What is the value of antibodies to TPO are for the body?
AT - TPO has a certain significance for the organism.
Namely:
- maintaining optimal hormone balance (T3 and T4);
- maintaining the functionality of the thyroid gland;
- ensuring optimal performance of the endocrine system;
- the fight against toxic substances.
In a healthy body contains moderate amounts of AT - TPO. But with the development of enhanced, thyroid peroxidase can be destroyed, there are thyroid disease.
Norma antibodies to thyroid peroxidase in women by age, pregnancy
AT - TPO with age does not change much. A characteristic feature - at the age of 50 years, a little improved. This is normal and does not require treatment. The main thing is that the level does not go beyond the optimal values.
Normal indicators AT - TPO in women:
| A method of analysis to obtain a result | Description | Age group (years) | Significance (in u / ml) |
| Immunolyuminestsentny method | Is the use of fluorescent sera | less than 50 | From 0 to 34.9 |
| more than 50 | From 1 to 99.9 | ||
| Linked immunosorbent assay | As for the signal detection using an enzyme label | less than 50 | From 0 to 30 |
| more than 50 | Up to 50 |
Regardless of age, may be changes in the level of AT - TPO at 20 U / ml.. This is normal and does not require treatment. But requires constant monitoring indicator and being under doctor's supervision. This is required to avoid extremely high or low values.
When the level of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase rises above 25 units. / Ml from the optimal values, requires specialist advice and treatment assignment. Often the figure AT - TPO increased. But it can be reduced and its value. Low index AT - TPO - is less than 10 units / ml.. AT level for pregnant women - TPO important. It is necessary to take a blood test to identify the indicator.
At too high values, the state threatens the health of mother and fetus.
And also increases the likelihood of complications after labor. After 2 - 3 months. after the birth, the patient may be postpartum thyroiditis. This is rare, according to statistics 10% of women. To the pregnancy proceeded normally, the level of AT - TPO should not exceed 2.6 mIU / ml or 25 U / ml..
Indications for analysis purpose
Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (rate of women is important for diagnosis) was examined in the case of suspicion of thyroid disease. Often prescribed analysis to exclude or confirm the disease. In addition, can recommend the change of TSH, T3, T4.
Indications for analysis on AT - TPO:
- Hyperthyroidism - increased thyroid hormone levels;
- hypothyroidism - reduced amount of thyroid hormones;
- Hashimoto's thyroiditis;
- goiter toxic form (Basedow's disease);
- thyroid problems after labor, surgery, trauma;
- diabetes;
- exophthalmos - the displacement of the eyeball forward;
- swelling of the lower extremities;
- monitoring the effectiveness of the prescribed therapy;
- increased the likelihood of thyroiditis due to heredity;
- anemia.
In addition to these indications, the analysis on the AT - TPO regularly prescribed to women to test the value. And also need to control the figure while carrying the child.
Preparing and conducting research
Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (rate of women is important to decipher the result of research) - analysis, to which we must prepare. Failure to comply with the measures indicator can deviate from the norm and is not quite right. If the patient is taking drugs with hormonal composition or iodine-containing agents to analyze the delivery is recommended to consult a doctor.
The specialist must find the best option, that is, to cancel or continue the use of medication. Also not recommended for study in the presence of inflammation in the body or immediately after surgery conducted.
Preparatory measures before the delivery of the analysis on the AT - TPO:
- Limit physical activity. No need to overload the body for 1 - 2 days before the study.
- Reduce stress, feelings.
- Eliminate fatty, fried, salty. Also not recommended to eat smoked. Better for 1 - 2 days to prepare the food steamed, boiled or baked in the oven.
- From liquids to eliminate alcohol, fizzy drinks, strong coffee for 3 days.
- Completion of physiotherapy, which involves the impact on the neck in 5 - 7 days before the date of the biomaterial.
After waking up on the day of delivery of the biomaterial, it is not recommended to take food or any liquid. If a person smokes, it is recommended to refrain from cigarettes for 2 - 3 hours before analysis.
Blood is taken in the laboratory. An employee without proper qualifications can not work in the institution. To collect biological material using sterile instruments, which vary with each patient. Nurse finds the right place on the hand, inserts a needle, takes the right amount of blood. Next tube with biomaterial marked and sent to the laboratory.
Duration biomaterial processing, decoding analysis
The deadline for receipt of the laboratory results after the deposit of biological material shall not exceed 24 hours. Norms figure may vary, it depends on the organization. Many private laboratories indicate rates from a sheet, and if it is exceeded, the release line.
The reasons for the deviations from the norm
Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase in women may not always be in the normal range. If you deviate from the optimal values, it is desirable to consult a doctor for the purpose of therapy. AT indicator - TPO may be normal, increased or decreased.
increase
AT indicator - TPO can be increased.
This happens in the following cases:
- the penetration of viruses;
- exposure to radiation;
- living in places with bad environment;
- injury to the thyroid gland;
- penetration of toxic substances;
- vasculitis - inflammation of blood vessels, capillaries, arteries;
- insufficient or excess amount of iodine;
- Chronic diseases - anemia, diabetes, and others;
- transmission rates of heredity;
- goiter;
- neoplasm of the thyroid gland.
With the high level of AT - TPO woman will disturb a variety of symptoms.
Namely:
- increased separation of sweat;
- weight loss;
- heart palpitations;
- anxiety disorder;
- fatigue with minimal exertion;
- increased fragility of hair and nails;
- swelling of the limbs, but mostly lower;
- dizziness;
- sleep disturbance;
- poor memory;
- thirst;
- failure in the menstrual cycle;
- the impossibility of conceiving.
Sometimes the value of the AT - TPO increased in healthy people. This often happens in women over 45 years. If other indicators are normal, treatment is not required. In humans, it is likely a violation of functionality of the thyroid gland, but this is rare.
lowering
If the thyroid gland is working properly, then the thyroid peroxidase antibodies are in the body on a small level. But there is an option of reduced amounts of AT - TPO.
This occurs in the following cases:
- increased probability of autoimmune diseases;
- index is the norm for humans and is associated with a hereditary factor;
- improper preparation before taking the biomaterial;
- accuracy of the test.
If the state of a heavy nature, the following symptoms appear:
- disruption of the heart;
- trouble sleeping;
- nervousness;
- anxiety disorder;
- severe fatigue with minimal exertion;
- depression;
- weight gain;
- problems with the digestive tract - flatulence, constipation.
Treatment for elevated antibodies to TPO
If the level of AT - TPO increased, do not immediately set itself a terrible diagnosis. The value may not be greatly exceeded. In any case, the deviation from the norm amenable to therapy. For diagnosis prescribe other tests - ultrasound, TSH. According to the results of procedures the doctor makes a diagnosis and prescribes treatment.
Popular medications for the treatment of excess of value of AT - TPO indicated in the table below:
| drugs group | Title | Act | Side effects | Counter-evidence | Price (in rubles). |
| Antiti-reoidnye | Tyrosol, tablets | Inhibit the production of thyroid hormones |
|
Flow rate The increased sensitivity to components, agranulocytosis (a reduced level of granulocytes in the blood), granule-cytopenia (a reduced level of granulocytes in a reduced number of cells) | 120 – 350 |
| Beta - blockers | Metoprolol, tablets | Normalize heart rhythm |
|
There was an increased likelihood of allergic reactions, the novena, bradycardia, myocardial infarction acute type. Also, the drug may not be used during breast-vskarm Lebanon, children up to 18 years | 50 – 250 |
| Glyukoko-rtikoidy | Prednisolone tablets | Protivovo-spalitelnoe, protivoal-lergicheskoe, an anti-shock action | Agitation, sleep disturbances, allergic reaction | Flow rate increased sensitivity to the components | 90 – 110 |
| Nesterov-idnye protivovo-spalitelnye means | Nurofen tablets, capsules | It relieves pain, inflammation, swelling |
|
|
80 – 350 |
| adaptogens | Eleute-Rococo extract tablets, syrup | It has a vegetable-proish REPRESENTATIONS. Improves health, body adapts to external conditions | Allergic reaction, pain in the head | Irritability, hypertension, insomnia. A well tool is not recommended during pregnancy, during lactation, and in the case of increased likelihood of an allergic reaction | Up to 50 |
| vitamin complexes | Alphabet, tablets | Normalizes the level of nutrients | Allergic reaction | Increased sensitivity to component Flow rate | 200 – 300 |
elevated levels of treatment AT - TPO in a pregnant woman must be conducted only under the supervision of a specialist. The doctor calculates the benefits of receiving and harm to the fetus after use, then concludes the appointment of medicines.
As a therapy can be used surgery. It happens in rare cases. For example, if it is impossible to conduct medical therapy, the case started, and the thyroid gland is greatly exaggerated in size.
To reduce the level of AT - TPO can use traditional methods. They have a floral composition. But it is better to use them in combination with medication, so it is possible to improve the effect of the therapy. Due to popular methods of improving health.
Popular recipes are given in the table below:
| Title | Description |
| Sagebrush | The method helps to get rid of unpleasant sensations. To prepare 200 g of need swine lard and dry sage. The first component needed to melt, add the 2nd plant and mix. Applying a warm compress to a neck. To enhance the effect, you can use recipe for bedtime. The course of treatment - up to 14 days |
| Seaweed, honey, lemon | Recipe relieves pain and inflammation. To prepare 50 g take kelp, 25 g of pine buds. And 1 - 2 leaf plantain, 1 tsp honey and lemon juice. To stir thoroughly. Put in a water bath for 30 min. Accept mixture 1 tablespoon 3 times a day for half an hour before meals. The effectiveness of the therapy will be visible after 30 days |
| vegetable collection | For the preparation you will need:
Components need to grind and mix. Mark 0.5 tsp mixture, dissolve in 500 ml of hot water. Leave on for 30 minutes. Take 100 mL for 5 - 10 min. before meals. The course of treatment - 2 months. |
Treatment at lower antibodies to TPO
Therapy reduced level of AT - TPO provides for the use of drugs - thyroid hormones.
Popular products listed in the table below:
| Title | Act | Side effects | Contraindications | The cost (in rubles). |
| L - thyroxine tablets | Make up for the deficit of thyroid hormones | When properly implemented, there are rare cases. The most frequent side effect - an allergic reaction | Increased sensitivity to components, acute myocardial infarction type, Adrenal insufficiency | 130 – 170 |
| Eutiroks tablets | Hypersensitivity to the components, impaired functionality of the adrenal gland, pregnancy | 100 – 160 |
At a reduced level of AT - TPO allowed the use of folk methods. Popular:
- Juice. To prepare to take the beets, potatoes, carrots. Squeeze the juice from the vegetables. Take equal parts of beet juice, potatoes, carrots. The total volume should be about 150 ml. Take a specified number of days, can be divided into several stages. Course - 50 days.
- The mixture of the components. To take preparation of 100 g of chopped seaweed in the form and pour 100 ml hot water. Next, add 120g of cheese with a low-fat, walnuts in an amount of 6 pieces, fat cream -. 2 tablespoons All mix, eat throughout the day. You can separate a mixture of several techniques. Cooking recipe every other day for 1 month. The mixture can be stored in the refrigerator.
Consequences and complications of deviations of parameters from the norm
Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (rate of women varies slightly depending on age) - indicator, which, in pregnant women can occur under high deviation from the optimal values complications.
For example:
- increase or decrease the number of hormones;
- loss of a child during pregnancy;
- Preterm labor;
- abnormalities in the fetus after birth activity.
At elevated or reduced level of AT - TPO in women, increases the risk of tumor formation. In the event of a fault indicator, suffers the overall health of the patient - the skin becomes dry, broken nails and hair.
AT - TPO produced by the immune system. In a healthy organism is their small number. Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase compete with pathogenic substances. But when the immune system fails, there is a development index and its effect on the thyroid peroxidase.
If a woman suspects that she had elevated levels of the AT - TPO, it is recommended to be tested for antibodies to thyroid peroxidase. Norm depends on the age. Often, after putting in a sheet results indicate if the value is not included in the optimal level. As a precaution it is recommended regularly to be tested for antibodies - TPO.
Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg
Video of antibodies thyroid peroxidase
Antibodies to thyroid peroxidase, it is and why:
