Sodium nitrite. What is it harmful to humans, food, technical, hazard class products with him, poisoning

Sodium nitrite - is a known food additive code E250 title possessing properties that fight bacteria and prevent oxidation. Such a substance found in meat, fish and wine production. In excessive amounts can harm the human body.

What is sodium nitrite, the type of substance, a list of Russian, English titles

The food additive E250 is a salt of nitrous acid is dissolved in water. Widely used for the production of meat-based products, fish, as prevents bacteria to grow and cause botulism. This additive acts as a preservative and gives food a rich stable color. Its use is permitted throughout the world.

In addition to sodium nitrite E250 names or food sodium nitrite enshrined in CCITT SanPin and there are other names that substance. They are ranked as sodium nitrite, used in chemistry, nitrite curing mixture used in the food industry.

In other languages ​​E250 known as:

• Sodium nitrite (International Edition);
• Curing salt (English);
• Natri- umnitrit, SalpetrigsauresNatrium, Nitritpokelsalz (German);
• Nitrite de Sodium (French).

Sodium nitrite (harmful to humans may be strong in the case of uncontrolled supplementation) in pure form it looks like a white or pale yellow powder. Chemical formula - NaNo2.

Properties of food additives

This additive - is in the form of powder crystals middle fraction. It has colorless granules, which are perfectly soluble in water. The ethanol dissolves poorly, because the average alcohol solubility. In substance it is not detected a pungent smell. During the chemical reaction, gas evolution occurs. Considered hygroscopic, not hot, and fire hazard.

Density	2.2 g / cm3
Taste	Sweet and bitter
Phase	solid
Molar mass	69 g / mol
decomposition temperature	320 ° C
Melting temperature	284 ° C
Assay of	99%

Preparation of sodium nitrite

Get this stuff can be from natural deposits. One of these can be found in Chile. It is also possible to obtain this salt is different methods industrially. The first involves the implementation of chemical reactions between nitrogen oxides and sodium hydroxide.

The second method requires the heating of the co-lead powder and sodium nitrate. Then, the resulting compound must be dissolved in water to remove the lead oxide. More sodium nitrite formed during calcination nitrate.

Scope edible sodium nitrite

Sodium nitrite is widely used in various fields:

• Acts as an antioxidant-imparting meat and fish products, natural color, and an antibacterial agent retarding the growth of the causative agent of botulism. Botulinum toxin leads to a heavy food poisoning affects the nervous system.
• This material was used as an antifreeze additive in the manufacture and construction of structures made of concrete and reinforced concrete structures whole assembly, sealing of joints assembled blocks.
• Used in production diazo dyes, nitrite compounds and other organic substances.
• Obrabatyvanii engaged in the metal surface when phosphatizing process of getting rid of the tin layer.
• It is used in the manufacture of rubber and alkyl nitrites.
• Because it makes the gas generating additive solution for explosives.
• In medical practice used to expand blood vessels, bronchi, eliminates intestinal spasms.

sodium nitrite, harm to humans which manifest in serious poisoning, to use it in an amount of 2-6 g, of cyanide intoxication used as an antidote.

Benefits and E250 harm to the human body

E250 can be both useful and harmful substance.

Its useful properties contribute to:

• stable blood pressure;
• a decrease in muscle tone during spasms;
• treatment of pulmonary hypertension;
• getting rid of a brain aneurysm;
• treatment of sickle-cell;
• prevention of heart failure;
• vascular expansion.

  

Sodium nitrite is imperceptible threat to the organism. In certain clinical case could harm humans.

The substance can lead to:

• the formation of methemoglobin;
• hypoxia;
• irritable Effects on the mucous membrane;
• enormous damage to the central nervous system bodies;
• poisoning, abnormal increase in liver;
• failure of blood biology;
• diseases of the respiratory system.

For braking nitrosation process is necessary to use natural products, which include vitamins C and E.

Hazard class supplements

This toxic substance is classified to the first class of danger. Upon decomposition it carries NOx emissions. It can lead to spontaneous combustion of materials that are amenable to combustion.

Its interaction with susceptible to combustion explosion creates materials. With excessive added to food can be a major cause of chronic and dangerous to human health disease.

The maximum allowable number in the diet E250

In many countries at the legislative level, set a maximum rate of use of the additive E250. It is 50 mg per 1 kg of the produced product. It is known that in the European Union E250 permitted as an additive to a salt in an amount of 0.6%.

Diseases caused by sodium nitrite

Nitrites are found in the presence of certain amino acids, subjected to the influence of high temperature become nitrosamines. They are capable of damaging biological process in the human body, cause serious diseases.

Cancer

Conducted studies on animals have shown that nitrosamines - are powerful carcinogens. Scientists have studied the influence of these substances on the DNA. If you frequently eat processed meat, the risk of cancer will increase. Therefore, if possible better to limit yourself from eating these products.

Anoxia

It is proved that nitrite can prevent oxygen entering the bloodstream and thus cause anoxia. This leads to the disease, called methemoglobinemia. Its symptoms are very unpleasant. With limited access of oxygen affected cells and human tissue. Human skin becomes bluish, a headache, weakness, and impaired development.

Diabetes

After several studies have revealed the relationship Hour nitrite and the first type of diabetes. Under assumptions, this condition occurs due to an autoimmune disorder, making worse the ability of insulin by the pancreas. Experts in the field of science can not tell exactly what is connected with the toxicity of the substance in relation to that body.

Dementia

According to scientists, nitrites lead to the destruction of nerve cells - neurodegeneration. During this process the formed plaques that disrupt neuronal function in the brain. Other studies have shown how the use of processed meats is associated with neurological malfunction. The likelihood of dementia in the elderly increases.

blue baby syndrome

In particular, nitrites can cause irreparable damage to newborn and young children. They are under threat, and pregnant women. Their diet should consist exclusively of useful products. With the accumulation of this substance in the body of the infant methemoglobinemia occurs, and respiratory diseases, accelerating the risk of death.

Does accumulate sodium nitrite in the body?

Sodium nitrite is not a long time to stay in the human body, even if the processed products will be used on a daily basis.

He was not able to be deposited in the body in holestirin because they do not have enough space for it. The human body contains fat separated. A E250 is not a fat-soluble substance.

Therefore, to get damage because of its gradual accumulation is impossible.

Table products containing sodium nitrite

The various products of sodium nitrite is contained in different amounts. In some more and some less, according to permissible level.

products	Nitrite mg / kg
vegetables	0,2
milk	0,4
cheese	1,2
Wheat flour (whole wheat)	1,2 (0,8)
Freshwater fish (marine)	2,1 (0,7)
Canned meat	10
Sausages, smoked	16,5

How to recognize a sausage, which has a E250?

To determine whether there is a sausage product E250, you must pay attention to the color. Hot dogs and sausages, not containing this additive have a gray, unattractive color and have a small shelf life.

Products with pink says about the content of the additive E250. This material was put into sausage meat in the form of a nitrite-curing the mixture. It interacts with proteins, fixes the color, prevents oxidation.

Symptoms of poisoning E250, first aid

Sodium nitrite (harmful to humans can be fatal) with instantaneous ingested in amounts exceeding the norm, it leads to the development of acute poisoning.

Its features include:

• dizziness, headache;
• nausea;
• epigastric pain near;
• oppressive feeling in the chest area;
• a symptom of a "foreign hand";
• becoming reddish skin sheets, alternating with cyanosis;
• vision problems;
• heartache;
• rapid decrease in blood pressure;
• rising tachycardia;
• disturbance of consciousness.

During severe intoxication a person plunges into a coma, he had generalized seizures occur and increase in oxygen deficiency.

The man was poisoned with nitrites, can acquire the negative effects that go into the chronic form. This is possible if contact with a poisonous substance in a low concentration was prolonged. The same thing could happen to workers in the chemical industry.

Main symptoms:

• fatigue;
• lack of strength;
• low mental and physical performance;
• insomnia or other sleep disruptions;
• dragging pain in the muscles to the joints;
• heartache;
• numbness of the fingers on the hand;
• Excessive dryness of the skin, the appearance of cracks;
• increase nail fragility;
• skin rash in the form of bubbles;
• yellow color of the skin of palms.

If someone has been poisoned by nitrates breathing, it must immediately send to fresh air. With the penetration of toxic substances into the organism through the gastrointestinal tract, first wash the affected stomach.

Requires pour ½ liter of hot water or potassium permanganate solution is pale pink. Then, through stimulation of the tongue provoke vomiting. This washing of the stomach is allowed only to people in the awakened state. Ensure patient comfort and fresh air.

If there is suspicion of poisoning with this substance, it should be as soon as possible cause doctors anyway. The victim is hospitalized in a special department of toxicology. In a more serious condition, he will go to the intensive care unit. He will make oxygen therapy, an antidote to introduce and carry out a blood transfusion, if necessary.

Where to buy and how much additive

E250 is not for sale in the universal hypermarkets. The best way to find it - is to use the internet. It will show the existing online and offline stores that sell this stuff.

You can buy it in supermarkets such as:

• Kolbasadoma;
• Emkolbaski;
• Monarch;
• Flagma and others.

On average, you need to spend 50 rubles. 100 g, 100 rubles. 200 g, 200 rubles. 500 g and 250 rubles. 1 kg. Wholesale is purchase will cost 30-40 rubles. per 1 kg.

The E250 can be replaced?

At the moment, there is no such natural substances that can completely replace the E250. This supplement supports the color of meat products to prolong shelf life, struggling with botulism. But if you prepare, for example, home-made sausages, that the replacement of sodium nitrite suitable salt, which is the most accessible.

You can also use spices, which give more zest to taste. For the preparation of sausages suitable natural soy sauce. However, it will cost a lot. In addition to the above, you can apply the garlic, vinegar, lemon juice, meat softening the fibers and adds acidity.

Sodium nitrite may be both useful and harmful substance. It all depends on how you use it and how much to eat. If you adhere to acceptable standards and not to use in certain situations, a person does not have to worry.

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

Video of sodium nitrite

E250 in the sausage: