To maintain the health of a woman is important to control blood rate of vitamin D. Especially during the period of gestation of the child and in a state of menopause. Its usefulness is well known. However, on what role it plays in the body, not everyone thinks. He needs a woman during pregnancy, lactation. On its quantity in the body depends on the state of health, calcium and phosphorus metabolism.
The content of the article:
- 1 The role and function of vitamin D for the female body
- 2 The importance and the role of vitamin D in the body
- 3 Indications for analysis
- 4 How to rent an analysis
- 5 Intake of vitamin D in women over the age of
- 6 Norm of vitamin D in the blood during pregnancy
- 7 The reasons for the deficit
- 8 symptoms of deficiency
- 9 Which disease causes a lack of vitamin D
- 10 Reasons gipervitaminoza
- 11 symptoms of hypervitaminosis
- 12 How to adjust the power
- 13 medications
- 14 Video of vitamin D
The role and function of vitamin D for the female body
Vitamin D - a substance formed in the human skin, the tissues of animals and plants under the influence of the sun or UV rays. Its Russian synonym 25-gidroksikaltsiferol.
The group of substances includes:
- Vitamin D2. Russian name of ergocalciferol. He synthesized from yeast. Provitamin - ergosterol. This form has a sensitivity to light.
-
Vitamin D3 - cholecalciferol - contained in animal tissues, and is also present in the human body as provitamin 7-dehydrocholesterol. Synthesis occurs under the action of ultraviolet radiation in the skin cells. It is sensitive to light, heat, oxidation, metal ions, and moisture.
- Vitamin D4. Russian synonym digidroergokaltsiferol 22 - is a part of certain fungi.
- Vitamin D5 or 24 etilholekaltsiferol (sitokaltsiferol) -vydelyaetsya from wheat. Its less toxic analogue - D3. It is this form is actively used in medicine.
- Vitamin D6. Russian name of the 22-digidroetilkaltsiferol (sigma-calciferol).
Vitamin vary depending on the type of origin:
- Endogenous. Formed in the skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol provitamin (D3, holikaltsiferol).
- Exogenous. It comes into contact with food (D2, Ergocalciferol).
Conditions for the formation of the body:
- sunlight or ultraviolet rays;
- skin color (lighter than the better synthesis);
- age (aging skin produces almost no vitamin D);
- atmospheric conditions (clouds, rain interfere with the synthesis).
Provitamin 7-degdroholesterin by sunlight is transformed into human skin cholecalciferol. There he also binds to the protein in such a tandem enters the blood and the liver.
In the liver occurs conversion of 25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol (kaltsidol). Then in the kidneys is its conversion to 1,25-dihydroxy-holekaltsiferov (calcitriol), i.e. in a biologically active form of vitamin D.
form D2 and D3 They are the most common natural compounds. In view of this white crystalline, powdered, fat-soluble substance which is dissolved in ether, chloroform, alcohol, but insoluble in water. Quantity is measured in international units (IU).
The importance and the role of vitamin D in the body
Norm of vitamin D in the blood of women during the gestation of the child - an essential requirement for the health of the baby and the expectant mother. Its deficiency during pregnancy is fraught with premature births and multiple complications as a woman and a baby.
Violation of the balance of vitamin D during the menopause entails the development of not only osteoporosis but also diabetes, allergies of various types and other metabolic diseases. This vitamin called More solar acts on the body and as vitamin, and as a hormone.
As a hormone:
- contacting the protein in the intestine, helps move potassium in the body;
- It helps to assimilate calcium in the kidneys.
Vitamin:
- regulates the level of calcium and phosphorus in the blood;
- protects bone mass, prevents rickets and osteoporosis, increases calcium absorption in the small intestine;
- reduces susceptibility to cardiovascular, skin diseases, cancer, metabolic diseases;
- prevents muscle weakness;
- It strengthens the immune system;
- regulates the function of the thyroid gland.
Indications for analysis
Vitamin D is synthesized in the body under certain conditions. In addition, the rate of blood in women of different ages, respectively, are different.
After 45 years, even when there is no apparent reason, endocrinologists recommend to control the level of vitamin because it is at this time decreases a person's ability to get it together with food power. Synthesis of the integument in the aging is significantly reduced.
Deficiency of vitamin D is dangerous for the body, especially the female.
Therefore it is necessary to eliminate the risk of its development and undergo the usual procedure of blood donation in the analysis:
- If diagnosed cystic disease of the pancreas, liver, celiac disease, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, Crohn's disease, nephrotic syndrome.
- In chronic disorder of the digestive processes both on a background of diseases, symptoms and self.
- After surgery to remove part of the intestine and stomach when disturbed absorption of nutrients.
- Before the treatment of osteoporosis.
- At low calcium indicator in the blood, when examining calcium metabolism.
- With frequent bone fractures, skin dermatitis and allergic reactions.
How to rent an analysis
For the study, blood is taken from a vein or urine. Immunohemilyuminestsenny used method of investigation and trial Sulkovicha, respectively. Appointment to the analysis of the "25-OH vitamin D" provide endocrinologists, GPs therapeutic practice, rheumatology, orthopedics, traumatology. As synthetic intermediate level of vitamin D
25 gidroksikaltsiferola can judge the level of calciferol in the body and determine the excess or deficiency.
Before the study should:
- to refrain from smoking;
- not eating for at least three hours, allowed to drink only water without gas;
- exclude from the diet the day before testing a sharp, salty, fatty foods.
The determination of the exact result may be affected:
- pregnancy;
- receiving drugs that lower levels of vitamin D in the blood, namely oral anticoagulants, phenytoin, phenobarbital, rifampin;
- X-ray methods of investigation, since they change the biochemical composition of blood.
Intake of vitamin D in women over the age of
Norm of vitamin D in the blood of women is determined by individual performance and depends on age, physiological structure and even emotional state.
The average values are slightly different, depending on the lab, to make the analysis. However, there is the middle ground on which we should focus in the survey. The most favorable and indicative is the woman's age.
| A woman's age in ng / ml | Norma vitamin 25 - gidroksikaltsiferola blood plasma in ng / ml (nanograms per milliliter) |
| baby up to 1 year | 15-18 |
| infants up to 3 years | 17-20 |
| girls from 3 to 15 years | 19-40 |
| 15 and over | 20–50 |
| pregnant women | 30-50 |
Norm of vitamin D in the blood during pregnancy
Norm of vitamin D in the blood of women during pregnancy in its average output must be equal to 30 ng / ml. For proper fetal development baby requires a lot of calcium, which is directly dependent on the concentration of vitamin D in the mother's blood.
He crosses the placenta, but to the circulatory system of the child it is not enough. On the other hand, it is forbidden to assign high doses of vitamin without medical supervision for more than 6 months, not to provoke toxic effects.
The reasons for the deficit
Among the causes of the lack of vitamin D in women Experts say:
- multiple stressful situations;
- kidney and liver;
- Pregnancy and breast-feeding a child;
- improper diet;
- age criterion;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- chronic diseases of the digestive system;
- weather conditions in the region of residence;
- swarthy skin;
- oncological diseases;
- use of drugs that reduce the synthesis of vitamin D in the body.
symptoms of deficiency
Signs of a lack of vitamin D may be similar to diseases:
- a feeling of fatigue and malaise;
- shortness of breath;
- nausea and vomiting;
- increased sweating;
- irritability;
- insomnia;
- decreased vision;
- skin rashes and itching;
- allergic reactions;
- private fractures;
- changes in appetite;
- peeling of the skin;
- weight loss;
- joint pain;
- muscle cramps.
To determine the cause of an uncomfortable state of health, we recommend an annual medical examination.
Which disease causes a lack of vitamin D
Against the background of an insufficient amount of vitamin, due to its poor synthesis developing such diseases as:
- depression;
- asthma;
- osteoporosis;
- heart disease and blood vessels;
- migraine;
- disease of the reproductive system;
- metabolic disease;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- oncological diseases;
- diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
- periodontal disease;
- weakened immunity;
- multiple sclerosis.
Reasons gipervitaminoza
Norm of vitamin D in the blood of women may be higher than the standard, which also causes negative symptoms. The reason for getting an overdose of the drug, even for a short time.
If while taking vitamin D consumed foods with a high content of phosphorus and calcium is substantially worsen the situation. When the content of their blood increases to a critical level, possible internal injury of kidneys, bone and soft tissue.
symptoms of hypervitaminosis
Overdose "sunshine vitamin" is no less dangerous than the deficit. The body reacts:
- nausea and vomiting;
- great thirst;
- increasing pressure;
- renal insufficiency;
- arrhythmia.
Symptoms are similar to intoxication.
If the blood concentration is not critical, then it appears:
- irritability;
- muscle spasms;
- fast fatiguability;
- convulsions;
- excess urine.
Condition requires urgent medical intervention and treatment. The first group is canceled vitamin D preparation and assigned a medicament for raising the level of urine acidity, to reduce the possibility of deposition of calcium in the kidneys. The patient is prescribed a strict diet that limits foods containing calcium. Is assigned a study to determine bone density.
How to adjust the power
In addition to using medicines, food should be adjusted. Eating certain foods, it is possible to reduce the concentration of calcium and phosphorus in the blood and tissues to regain a comfortable physical condition. You want to limit your diet diet. Its basic principles are granularity and mode.
Namely:
- Daily menu should be divided into small portions, 200 g or 300, and eat food in 5-6 receptions.
- Food should be taken in a strictly defined for this watch. The body gets used and begins to produce substances involved in digestion, at the same time and in an amount which is necessary for the absorption of nutrients from food eaten.
To reduce the amount of calcium and phosphorus, coming with food, should be excluded on the treatment of diet:
- fatty meats (lamb, pork), fish (sturgeon, turbot, saury), liver;
- everything fried and yeast pastries;
- Any canned foods;
- smoked and marinated;
- dairy products with high fat content;
- Chocolate and its derivatives;
- beans, soy beans and lentils;
- carbonated beverages, especially with artificial dye.
health useful in this period of time will be:
- boiled or baked in the oven chicken or turkey meat;
- lean fish boiled or cooked form (navaga, cod, pollock, seabream, perch, pike);
- greenery;
- vegetables and fruits;
- oats and buckwheat groats.
The same principle of fragmentation and the regime persists with a deficiency of vitamin D. However, the products need to be used with accuracy on the contrary.
That is, will benefit:
- liver;
- veal;
- beef;
- sturgeon fish varieties;
- whole milk;
- cottage cheese;
- butter;
- beans;
- a variety of cereals.
Vitamins and minerals to fully digested, meat is best eaten with vegetables.
It is recommended before each meal to drink a glass of non-carbonated drinking water.
medications
The list of drugs, the lack of vitamin D is wide. The means chosen by the individual indicators, depending on the diagnosis and tolerability components of the drug, as a general therapeutic practice, endocrinologist, gynecologist, rheumatologist, orthopedic, traumatologist. Preparations are available in tablets, capsules, solutions.
The Russian pharmaceutical network can be obtained at:
-
Vigantol - oily solution for oral, normalizes calcium-phosphorus metabolism;
- vitamin D2 - an aqueous solution for oral administration, administered with rickets, tuberculosis, psoriasis;
- Alfa RS TEVA - capsules, a doctor prescribed for osteoporosis, rickets;
- Alfadol - capsules, taken in diseases which are caused by disorders of calcium-phosphorus metabolism;
- Tevabon - capsules and tablets, the combined action of the drug which is used for the treatment of osteoporosis;
- Vitrum Osteomag - pelletized form, is a vitamin-mineral complex, improves the absorption of calcium, assigned to the prevention of osteoporosis;
- calcipotriol - ointment for external application comprises synthetic Vitamin D. The drug used in the treatment of psoriasis;
- Psorkutan - ointment, cream, solution. As Calcipotriol, a remedy for psoriasis;
- Fosavans - pills that cropped symptoms of osteoporosis;
- Vitamin D3 Shtroyli 300000 E / ml 1 X 10 ml solution for injections - not recommended during pregnancy and lactation, used in hypocalcemia, parathyroid insufficiency.
Especially carefully selected tools for women during pregnancy and infant feeding breast milk, since vitamin deficiency and hypervitaminosis equally dangerous and lead to extremely dangerous consequences for the future health of the mother and fetus.
And since vitamin D is, in fact, for two, and the therapeutic dose in the blood of women in the position should be slightly above normal for an adult.
In case it is recommended to use an emergency:
- Akvadetrim - tablets, normalizes metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, is used in rickets, osteomalacia;
- Dibas - Injection is used in the treatment of diseases associated with a lack of calcium;
- Vitrum Prenatal - pills, vitamins containing vitamin D.
They are stored away from sunlight because of the instability of the drug component (in a refrigerator).
Shelf life is dependent on the form:
- Oil drops - 2 years;
- aqueous solution - 3 years;
- capsule - 2 years;
- ointment, cream - 2 years.
Medications for vitamin D used according to the shape. Take with milk or other liquids, they rubbed into the affected areas of the body or injected intramuscularly. While taking into account the rate of the vitamin in the blood of women and dietary habits to avoid exceeding the content of vitamin D in the body.
Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great
Video of vitamin D
The role of vitamin D for the body:
