Diseases of the nails on your feet. Fungus infection, onychomycosis. Signs, photo, treatment

Nails, as well as hair and are an indicator of the general state of the organism. They were among the first to respond to pathological processes in the body, even if the other symptoms have not yet appeared. Nail disease may be an independent process on the legs, not related to the other problems of man.

Types and causes of nail disease in the legs

Diseases of the nail plate can be divided into three types:

• yeast;
• non-fungal;
• other diseases.

non-fungal disease

That is the cause of the disease is not related to infection by fungi:

• illiterate care nail plate;
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• injury;
• unbalanced diet;
• the presence of infection in the body;
• smoking;
• genetic predisposition;
• presence of dermatological diseases such as psoriasis, eczema;
• acute and chronic heart disease and blood vessels, nervous system and endocrine diseases.

fungal disease

Fungal problems are due to infection by different types of fungi. This pathogen is very dangerous because of the quick and easy distribution. Treat this disease it is necessary. The fungus is more common in the nail plate of the lower extremities, as on his feet the most favorable environment for bacteria to grow.

There are factors that contribute to the emergence and development of the disease:

• excessive sweating feet;
• substandard shoes: sultry, airtight, bad block;
• of clothing made of synthetic materials;
• neglect of personal hygiene;
• visit public places without an individual shoe, such as baths, swimming pools, saunas, public showers.

To recognize the onset of the disease, you need to know how to look healthy nail plate:

• color body-pink;
• surface smooth, without roughness;
• It has a homogeneous structure and no seal thinning;
• nails integral at their ends, are not stratified.

If the nails have a mismatch at least one point, then you need to visit the doctor for consultation.

Fungal diseases toe nail: symptoms and treatment

Diseases toenails fungal origin are collectively called - onychomycosis.

Despite the differences, depending on the type of fungus, all diseases have some common features:

• In the early stages there are no clear symptoms, which can determine what is happening. Patients report emerged fragility and roughness of the nail plate.
• The main symptom of the fungus - the loss of the natural nail transparency. It becomes cloudy. Possible additional occurrence of different color stains.
• What happens with the nail can be described as the process of destruction, the shape change. Although various fungi, this process is different.
• When the nail is damaged, after it suffered and soft tissues of your finger. So there are painful sensations or simply discomfort. If the infection is not treated, develop pathological processes in soft tissues.
• The fungus moves quickly to patients on healthy tissue. So there is a risk of infection and to the people around them.

In the treatment of nail infections two approaches are effective in severe cases they are applied at the same time:

• Topical preparations are applied directly to the affected nail and skin site. The most commonly used anti-fungal ointments and sprays. This method is very good in the early stages of infection.
• Systemic medications represent a tablet for oral administration. They used a long course of 3 to 6 months. This treatment is given with a substantial and multiple lesions tissues.

Together with the ongoing treatment is necessary to process shoes, clothes, towels, bed linen. It is important to pay attention to the treatment of surfaces in the home: floors, carpets, bathroom and toilet.

You can not use someone else's shoes and clothes, so it is impossible to transmit its others. When visiting public places where you can get an infection fungus need to observe safety rules and to use preventive cosmetics.

Drug treatment can be combined with folk remedies. This can be done only after consultation with your doctor. It is important to understand that treatment at home means never replace traditional medicine.

onychomycosis

The disease is triggered by a flexible-dermatophytes. Infection starts with the first and fifth toes. Nail plates hands are rarely affected.

Symptoms of the disease:

• changing the shape of the nail;
• Color changes toward yellowness due subungual hyperkeratosis, nail begins to thicken;
• destruction of the nail plate.

Onychomycosis occurs in several forms:

• normotroficheskie - on the nail and there are areas of white and yellow. The plate itself preserves the normal form, hyperkeratosis is absent or weak.
• hypertrophic - state provokes hyperkeratosis. In this case, the nail surface keeps smoothness. Man walking experiencing soreness.
• atrophic - a plate substantially istonshaetsya, voids are formed therein. Nail separates from the nail bed.

nail disease in the legs, in this case treated with the following medications:

• For external use - Exoderil.
• For oral administration - Terbinafine, Fluconazole.

Traditional medicine also offers several recipes:

Ingredients	preparation	application
A small piece of Kombucha	Piece wash and grind to a state of pulp	Rub a lot of nails in suffering from a fungus, rinse. Perform 2 times a day
Potassium permanganate, a clove of garlic	It is necessary to prepare the red solution of potassium permanganate. Garlic clean and wash	For 15 minutes to steam feet in solution. Then grate diseased nails garlic clove. Making procedures 1 per day

fungal athlete

The disease is manifested by the following symptoms:

1. To begin between 4 and 5, there is a small crack finger, around which there is swelling and inflammation. From cracks in the skin occurs serous fluid, it is an excellent breeding ground for disease-causing organisms.
2. After a while, there is itching, skin in this area begins to peel off. Sometimes hard layer is peeled. Exposing the tender pink skin.
3. If the problem is not treated, it affects all of the interdigital space on his feet. Next, the infection spreads to the plantar surface of the toes.

There are cases where the pathogens penetrate damaged skin into the deep layers of the epidermis.

If the fungus is secondary infection, the picture is different bude:

• locally introducing bubbles occur, they are filled with a transparent liquid and provoke strong itching;
• the development of the disease blisters unite to form the erosion that constantly get wet and provoke pain when touched;
• fungi waste products provoke an allergic reaction, an additional precipitation in the form of rashes;
• Further the process can extend to the back surface of the foot and the heel;
• over time, the bubbles begin to be filled with purulent fluid on the foot edema occurs, the patient significantly painful to walk;
• makes it possible for the presence of an open wound additional infection can get there;
• without treatment, the disease becomes chronic with periods of remission and resumption of symptoms;
• complications of the disease - erysipelas, limfoadenity.

The disease often begins in the summer, when perspiration increases.

In the treatment of a great importance is attached to the processing blistering and erosions:

• if necessary, form a crust should be removed, bubbles pierce, edge erosion remove;
• after bathing lotions are applied wet with aqueous solutions of copper, zinc, rezotsina;
• after healing moist areas begins applying fungicidal ointments.

Good folk remedy - daily baths with potassium permanganate for 15 minutes. If joins a bacterial infection, antibiotics are appointed. After all symptoms have passed, it is necessary to carry out preventive treatment for a further month.

Ringworm

Ringworm is more often associated with skin problems, but this kind of stripping in rare cases, can also affect the nails.

When the disease situation is as follows:

• in the growth zone crescent mark appears dull;
• over time it becomes white;
• istonshaetsya nail becomes fragile and soft;
• often affected portion of the nail is destroyed.

Nail disease, such as ringworm on the feet, is treated with corticosteroid creams - mikoseptin or Exoderil. Ointments of this type work well against zoster. In severe cases, systemic medications are used for oral administration. It is useful to combine treatment with taking vitamins, compliance hypoallergenic diet, is also used immunostimulants.

Among traditional medicine good effect uses apple cider vinegar. Produced by an acidic environment makes it easier to get rid of the disease. To mix in equal proportions of the vinegar and water. Spray on the affected area several times a day.

onycholysis

The main manifestation of the disease - detachment of the nail from the nail bed. Process starts from the free edge of the nail moves toward the lunate.

symptoms are also present:

• First, nail changes its color with body-pink to white and gray, this is due to air getting into hyponychial space for intestinal dysbiosis in patients receiving antibiotics, trauma and aggressive chemicals.
• If there get germs instead of air, the nail becomes yellow, the surface becomes rough, rough.
• After contact with the fungus, the color becomes brown.
• In the formation of pus under the nail, it becomes green.

In the treatment focuses on the root cause of the disease:

• If onycholysis called dysbiosis, it is necessary to use drugs to restore the functioning of the intestines and drugs with beneficial bacteria - omeprazole, Atsipol, Linex.
• bacterial infection apply antiseptic, antibiotic lotions and then hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine, chloramphenicol or tetracycline;
• fungal attack, are more commonly used systemic medications - Irunine;
• trauma often make surgical removal of the nail, then made caring for an open wound.

Traditional medicine also offers several recipes:

Ingredients	preparation	application
Olive oil, lemon juice	Mix in equal proportions, heated to a pleasant temperature of the body	Do the bath every other day for 15 minutes
chamomile flowers	To prepare the infusion according to instructions on the package, to insist 30 minutes, bring to heat, pleasant to the body	Do the bath 2 times a day until the water is cool

Non-fungal nail disease: Symptoms, Treatments

nail disease in the legs of this type provoked the following problems:

• injury nail plate;
• dermatological diseases;
• hormonal disorders.

Melanonihiya

This disease is characterized by the appearance on the nail longitudinal strips of width from 2 to 4 mm, different in color from the rest of the nail, hue varies from light brown to dark brown. It arises from the violation of the processes of melatonin in the skin, excessive accumulation of it.

The disease can be triggered by hormonal changes in the body: pregnancy and lactation, diabetes, thyroid disease.

In the event of a strip biopsy is performed, as there is the risk of malignancy.

If the study showed benign nature of the strip, the treatment is not administered. Issued recommendations to the patient and strict regulations, in what circumstances an urgent need to see a doctor. Conduct periodic routine inspection.

Upon receipt of the result of the malignant nature of the surgery is performed:

• amputation of the nail unit, keeping the finger;
• in severe cases, part of the finger is removed from the joint to the nearest nail.

At the same time conducted a study of the lymph nodes. Upon detection of metastases, chemotherapy is appointed.

Leukonychia

It manifests the emergence of white spots on the nail crescent.

There are several types:

• Spot - small white dots.
• Striplike - is formed from a large number of small dots.
• Total - blanching more than 50% of the surface of the nail plate.

Leukonychia has several sources of occurrence:

• error when the nail;
• infection;
• anemia;
• severe liver and kidney disease;
• hormonal disorders;
• aggressive chemical exposure;
• vitamin deficiency, zinc deficiency, poor nutrition with unbalanced diets.

Treatment will depend on the cause of the disease:

• When poor-quality manicure treatment is not required, it is sufficient to carry out remedial treatments using traditional medicine methods.
• When exposed to chemicals also help traditional medicine. Later it will be necessary to use gloves for protection.
• Chronic diseases are treated by taking special preparations.
• In the presence of infection in the body will need to drink antibiotics.
• Lack of nutrients require the use of vitamin complexes.

Overall Leukonychia is not a serious disease when in time begun treatment.

Traditional medicine is ready to offer a few recipes:

Ingredients	preparation	application
Camomile tea and dark beers	Make an infusion of instructions on the package. Mix all ingredients in the same proportions	Do warm bath for 15 minutes once a day. Once applied to the nails medicated oils
Sea salt	Make a warm bath of sea salt. Proportions - 2 teaspoons of salt per 250 ml water	Do the bath twice a day, 20 minutes

anonychosis

This disease is manifested in the absence of the nail plate. In the place where it should have been, there is fabric, similar to nail rudiment.

The disease occurs in two forms:

• Congenital anonychosis is an inherited disorder. Disease dominantly transmitted from generation to generation.
• Acquired anonychosis occurs in some situations: as a consequence of a significant injury to the nail plate, nail after serious diseases, dermatological diseases. In rare cases it develops after severe stress and overexertion.

Treatment of this disease has not been developed. The only way - to engage in therapy of major diseases that can cause the disappearance of the nail.

chromonichia

When the disease is nail color changes and becomes yellow.

It has two forms that arise for various reasons:

• false form - developing against external aggressive impact of smoking, contact with chemicals, detergents, low-quality products for manicure.
• true form It arises due to pathological processes occurring in the human body. Additionally, it may occur fingers swelling, deformity of the nail plate, its thickening.

Treatment depends on the form of external influences is to eliminate the aggressive effect on nails. Also help some home recipes.

Ingredients	preparation	application
Lemon juice	Squeeze the slice of lemon juice small amount	Rubbed into the feet once a day
Soda and sea salt	Make the solution according to the recipe: 2 tsp salt, 1 tsp Soda, 250 ml of water	Do warm baths, 2 times a day

Effective treatment of the true form does not exist. It is recommended to engage in treatment of chronic diseases and taking vitamins: A, E.

Ingrown nail

Ingrown nail can be considered a chronic pathology, as the problem is corrected it will occur again and again.

As soon as the rotation of the symptoms, it is necessary as soon as possible to see a doctor:

• redness at the site of contact between nail and skin;
• pain, both at rest and while walking;
• sharp pain, throbbing in his finger and the appearance of purulent discharge is a symptom requiring urgent action.

ingrown nail plot to remove. Further assigned wound lavage hydrogen peroxide and hlorgeskidinom. Good lotions to help with streptotsidom.

The best action at once arisen ingrown nails - Prevention:

• Early obstriganie end of the nail, which can grow into.
• Well help clamps and springs, which are mounted on the nail plate. The device regulates the growth of the nail plate as a result of growing well in advance rather than in width.

If the nail is already rooted, then waiting for the doctor, you can use home remedies.

Ingredients	preparation	application
Chamomile, St. John's wort and calendula	Brew grass according to the instructions on the packaging. No less than 30 min	Keeping warm broth injured nail 2 to 3 times daily as cooling water
Fresh leaves of aloe and Kalanchoe	Disrupt sheets with plants, rinsed under running water	Pre hesitated lists in hand, to have a little juice made. Applied to the wound for 15 minutes. Perform 1 time per day

In severe cases, the nail is removed surgically or by using a laser. However, this is not desirable, since after human manipulation expect a long recovery period.

other diseases

In this section included diseases that can be signs of fungal or fungal diseases, but in this case are independent.

Hypertrophy

Most often hypertrophy inherited.

This disease is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• nail thickens;
• is extended until a few centimeters;
• very long legs begin to curve downwards, outwardly resembling a bird's claw;
• nail color changes from yellow to dirty yellow;
• rare in this condition arises ingrown nail in the skin on the sides;
• if not treated ingrowth, inflammatory process starts.

To combat the disease are appointed vitamins and physiotherapy. In the presence of inflammation washing peroxide and chlorhexidine.Traditional medicine suggests using massage with olive oil. If substantial deformation, which spoils the appearance of the person, resort to cosmetic correction.

Atrophy

Diseases of the nails on the feet, where the nails susceptible to atrophy, often have an innate character.

Already a newborn child can see the symptoms:

• deformation of nail plates on one or several fingers, they are smaller in size, brittle, distorted form;
• nail color whitish, muddy;
• surface has defects: The raggedness, microcracks;
• absence nail on one or multiple fingers;
• the presence of webbing between the fingers;
• finger deformity;
• low rate of hair growth, as they grow scarce.

Such birth defects are difficult to treat. Recommended intake of vitamins, eating a substance rich collagen, balanced diet. Patients should take care of their nails, avoid trauma and contact with aggressive substances.

grooves

Can occur, both longitudinal and transverse grooves. The longitudinal more common. The nail becomes ribbed.

Causes of occurrence:

• shortage of useful elements;
• malnutrition and unbalanced diet;
• anemia, low hemoglobin;
• Insufficient intake of folic acid, protein.

For the treatment it is necessary to monitor the supply balance, taking vitamins, complementary deficiency. Drink plenty of fluids.

Exfoliating nails

The most common problem that people face.

Here are the reasons for its occurrence:

• wrong manicure, use of substandard cosmetic decorative tools;
• the problem facing half of women regularly perform shellac procedure;
• lack of vitamins;
• endocrine disorders, such as low thyroid function;
• chronic disease, depleting the organism;
• synthetic clothes and the wrong shoes.

Eliminate this problem can be complex events:

• Cosmetics - special cream for nails and oil.
• paraffin - you need to buy a wax and melt it to liquid, but not heated. Feet need to pre-wash and dry thoroughly. Dip your fingers paraffin, then give it to solidify, and then again omitted. The sequence must be repeated several times until the nails will not appear 3 to 5 layers of wax. Next you need to wrap polyethylene wear socks on top. Keep the compress for 30 minutes. After the wax should be carefully removed on nails cause fat cream.

Folk medicine recommends massage with sea salt. It is to be dissolved in a proportion - 2 teaspoons per 200 ml of warm water. Feet in the fluid must be kept for at least 15 minutes. Then you need to do massage the skin around the nails. Once you can put olive oil or other unrefined vegetable oil.

pterygium

This word is called a thin film which lies on the nail in the region of a half moon. It is the bottom layer of the cuticle. Performs physiological protective function and is not a pathology.

Different people, he has a different length and thickness. When you perform a professional manicure pterygium begins to cause problems. Especially when the coating prevents which solidify under UV lamp.

If a woman decides to remove it, it must be done properly to avoid injure the cuticle and do not bring dirt into the tender layers of the epidermis:

• pterygium soften in water;
• gently remove excess apricot wand;
• treat the area with an antiseptic - hloreksidin or miramistin.

To pterygium was always soft and it was easy to remove, every night before going to bed should be handled under the nail plate and cuticles with a special oil from pharmacies and cosmetic stores.

nail diseases that are not treated can cause serious consequences. Among the complications are - festering abscess, felon, malignant tumors on their feet. About any change in the appearance of the nail, it is necessary to consult a dermatologist.

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

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