Atopic dermatitis in adults. Treatment on the feet, hands, face, scalp, elbows, eyes folk remedies, ointments, antihistamines at home. Looks like, picture, diagnosis, blood tests

According to WHO statistics, 35% of the world population suffers from allergic diseases. In recent years, noted that the overall incidence of adults and children has an important place of atopic dermatitis (AD), for which treatments are used pharmacy and folk remedies.

Atopic dermatitis - what is it

Atopic dermatitis - variety of atopic dermatitis (inflammation of skin), which differs from the other by the following features:

• chronic form;
• particular manifestation of a certain age;
• Typical of the white population.

Atopy - hereditary abnormality, manifested in excessive production of immunoglobulin IgE by ingestion of an allergen.

The main causes of the disease:

• heredity;
• excessive production of immunoglobulin E;
• predominance in the blood of certain antibodies.

Atopic dermatitis in adults, the treatment of which depends on the causes of the disease, may be due to an allergy, stress, poor eating habits.

symptomatology of the disease

Atopic dermatitis is characterized by recurrent exacerbations upon contact with allergen.

The main symptoms of the disease:

• dryness of the skin and its peeling;
• occurrence of cracks in the skin;
• severe itching;
• redness of the affected areas;
• the presence of red rash with fuzzy or precise contours;
• the formation of pustules or papules.

Scratching the affected places provokes the appearance of weeping erosions. When entering infections occur pustules.

Most often, atopic dermatitis localized in the folds of the joints, as well as on the neck, face, wrists and feet.

The first signs occur in the first six months of life. By 15-17 years of disease extends completely in 70% of the people, and the rest takes the chronic form.

Diagnosis of atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis in adults whose treatment depends on correct diagnosis by a dermatologist or allergist diagnosed by a doctor the following criteria:

• the overall condition of the patient;
• skin condition;
• location and nature of the lesions;
• the severity and area affected.

Non-acute period applies posing skin tests to identify the allergen.

treatment regimen

Atopic dermatitis in adults whose treatment is not different from the treatment of children requires a special way of life.

Basic principles of treatment are as follows:

• elimination factor provoking disease;
• adjunct therapy for moisturizing the skin;
• the main therapy using topical preparations;
• rarely - UV - irradiation and reception of potent drugs.

The treatment is determined individually and may include physical therapy, psychotherapy and systemic therapy with medicines.

Physiotherapy

Physical therapy procedures show high efficiency in dermatology, with almost no side effects.

In the physiotherapy department of adult patients can treat atopic dermatitis in the following ways:

• The use of lasers - a modern method of influence on the affected area, which allows the skin to recover.
• Water treatment which includes a variety of bath and power shower. They have a beneficial effect on the skin and restore it.
• phototherapy - UV radiation affected areas of the skin, improves the immune system and prolongs the remission of the disease.
• Acupuncture, Acupuncture - the impact on local and auricular points helps with complex therapy relieves symptoms and treat comorbid conditions.
• Magnetic therapy, which uses magnetic fields affecting the autonomic system (during the acute phase of atopic dermatitis).
• EHF-therapy - the impact of electromagnetic radiation on the surface of the skin. EHF - signals stimulate biochemical reactions and greatly reduce the severity of an immune system response in hypersensitivity.

drug therapy

Drug treatment should be initiated individually by the patient's indications. It can consist of antihistamines, anti-inflammatory drugs, and tranquilizers. The most important are the means of the itch - the most dangerous symptom of the disease.

antihistamines

When ingested allergen produced biologically active substances, most active of which is histamine. It is present in the body of each person, but is not active in healthy people. Upon contact with the allergen and histamine released are allergic or atopic dermatitis.

Antihistamines reduce the production of histamine, thereby manifested effect.

The most popular means:

• loratadine;
• suprastin;
• Tsetrin;
• Zodak;
• Tavegil.

Antiallergic drugs II and III generation are not cardiotoxic side-action and exert a positive influence on the course of dermatitis. They block the H1-receptors, and are taken 1 time per day.

Despite the fact that these drugs are not addictive, it is recommended to alternate medications every month.

antibiotics

When infected lesions used systemic or topical antibiotics. Pockets of wet wounds and the crust on the skin indicate a bacterial infection.

The following products are recommended:

• mupirocin;
• cephalexin;
• Dicloxacillin.

hormonal treatments

Glucocorticosteroids effectively remove inflammation and reduce the symptoms of allergies in the body. They can be used both topically and in the form of tablets, depending on the severity of the disease. Very popular among patients Advantan ointment.

On sale are not less effective drugs of local action:

• Elokim;
• flutsinar;
• tselestoderm;
• sinaflana;
• Lorinden;
• Triderm.

Steroids tablets in atopic dermatitis is rarely appointed because they have a lot of side effects, they are addictive and lead to a withdrawal syndrome.

In severe and unbearable itching, your doctor may prescribe such drugs:

• Medrol;
• triamcinolone;
• Polkortolon;
• Metipred.

Atopic dermatitis in adults is almost never treated without hormonal therapy. It is better to use local and systemic drugs are taken only in extreme necessity.

sedatives

Sometimes in complex treatment prescribed drugs that act on the central nervous system and the ANS.

These include:

• Nozepam or Medazepam - light tranquilizers;
• Light antidepressants;
• Pirroksan - peripheral alpha-1-blocker;
• neuroleptics.

Psychotropic drugs are very effective in the treatment of patients during the exacerbation of the disease is associated with stress. Symptomatic therapy is prescribed to patients suffering from irritability, insomnia and depression.

Effective sedatives:

• novopassit;
• Valerian tincture or Leonurus;
• Persen;
• Tenoten.

anti-inflammatory

For anti-inflammatory drugs are "talkers", lotions, as well as non-steroidal agents, and steroids.

Astringent lotion:

• herbal teas;
• lotion of lead water;
• silver nitrate;
• Drilling fluids.

Commonly prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent - Epidel.
Also, as an antiinflammatory agent may be employed: zinc oxide, tar, Ichthyol. Now they are rarely used, because the sale has more modern facilities, which at times effectively. However, they do not stain clothes and does not have a strong smell.

detoxification

It is effective in the treatment of atopic dermatitis sorbents and detoxification therapy. With the help of the body are derived from harmful and toxic substances, as well as allergens. After sorbents necessarily apply probiotics.

The simplest version of such treatment:

• Activated carbon;
• Polyphepan and Entrosgel;
• Smectite (diosmectite).

Also apply preparations to replace the blood plasma (plasmapheresis), who are appointed in very serious cases. Injections are made exclusively in the clinic.

immunosuppressants

Immunocorrectors appointed only by prescription, after immunogram.

For drugs acting on T cells include:

• taktivin;
• timalin;
• Timogen.

Drugs that affect B cells:

• splenin;
• sodium nukleinat;
• glycyram;
• Methyluracilum.

There are also herbal adaptogens: Ginseng and Echinacea purpurea.

enzymes

After detoxification therapy are appointed enzymes and live bacteria that are capable of improving the intestinal microflora and normalize the digestive tract function.

These medications include:

• bacteriophages;
• Prebiotics - Duphalac, Hilak Forte;
• Probiotics - Linex, Atsipol;
• synbiotics - bifidus tank Normospectrum;
• enzymes - Pancreatin, Mezim, Festal;
• gepatoprotektory - Essensiale, Phosphogliv;

Treatment of atopic dermatitis according to the location area

Atopic dermatitis in adults, the treatment of which is virtually independent of the affected area, can go to the stage of long-term remission with a properly chosen therapy.

For the eyelid skin and face is recommended to choose a more sparing agent with the most natural composition, as well as calcineurin inhibitors, ie, immunosuppressive agents (tacrolimus and pimecrolimus), and the other affected areas (hands, feet, elbows, head, torso) are treated according to a similar scheme using described drugs.

local treatment

The purpose of local therapy of atopic dermatitis is not only getting rid of the itching and reduce inflammation, but also the restoration of skin functions.

Stages and principles of treatment:

• CIM application;
• moisturizing the skin;
• daily care.

The mainstay of treatment of atopic dermatitis are local glucocorticosteroids (CIM). They are used in acute exacerbations and severe forms of the disease.

There is a risk of adverse events in the treatment of CIM, since their composition is chloro and / or fluoro, due to which is not suitable for long-term use in patients with atopic dermatitis.

CIM also apply that possess antibacterial and antifungal activity. When skin infection, shows the use of antibiotics in combination with anti-fungal agents. CIM quickly relieve itching and inflammation cropped.

The set of tools for the fight against atopic dermatitis and include emollients / moisturizers. Such cosmetics restore the water-lipid layer of the skin, helping to maintain its daily normal condition and control the symptoms of the disease.

An important task of local therapy - daily care for sensitive skin. It helps to restore its function and prevent worsening of the disease, as well as to increase the period of remission.

Recommended Daily cool bath (32-35 degrees), no longer than 10 minutes. Bath lotion should not contain alkali.

Ointments with antihistaminic action

Antiallergic ointment creams are absorbed better. They have a hydrophobic base and high fat content, so the ointment penetrate into the deeper skin layers. At the same ointment can clog pores. Antihistamines block the effects of an ointment to the skin of a stimulus.

Ointments are divided into:

• hormone - used in severe disease;
• hormonal - used in pulmonary manifestations of atopic dermatitis.

Hormonal ointment:

• ftorokort;
• Prednizalonovaya;
• Elokim.

Non-hormonal drugs:

• Skin-Cap;
• Fenstil;
• Gistan.

antiseptic lotion

Aqueous solutions of anti-inflammatory, decongestants, disinfectants and antipruritic indispensable for weeping wounds. The only way to achieve adsorption of fluid that oozes from erosion.

The backbone of any lotion - saline. The cold solution is moistened gauze and applied to the affected area of ​​skin. Dressing changes with rewarming. The procedure is performed for 1.5-2 hours, twice a day. The cooled dressing leads to vasoconstriction and removal of edema, and removes subjective sensations.

It recommended the following means:

• ihtammola 5-10% solution;
• aluminum acetate solution was 2%;
• boric acid 2%;
• resorcinol solution was 1%.

Antiseptic lotions are not recommended for children, because it uses the cold part.

Pastes and creams with antipruritic effect

Pastes - mixture of powders (talc and zinc) and fat component (lanolin, petrolatum).

The resulting dough-like mixture was added medicinal components (Ichthyol, tar and others). They absorb emitted from eczema and dry the wound. Their use is recommended in the subacute period.

Emollients and moisturizers

Formula better dampening agent for atopic dermatitis will consist of water molecules in the environment of oil molecules.

These agents act as follows:

• reduced lipid layer;
• retain its own moisture in the skin;
• improves skin regeneration.

If the formula of the cream will be reversed, ie the oil molecule is surrounded by molecules of water, the moisture is absorbed instantly and linger only in the upper layers of the skin.

The media should not be a dye and flavoring agents, stabilizers and alcohols, or the situation may be aggravated.

The most effective means:

• LIPIKAR AP +;
• Stelatopia by Mustela;
• Atopalm from Uriage.
• Nigy-Charlieu from Topicrem;
• Emolium.

They contain no lanolin, creating a film on the skin.

The cream should be replaced every 2-3 months, otherwise there will be addictive and decrease efficiency.

Folk remedies for the treatment of atopic dermatitis

Traditional medicine can not be the mainstay of treatment, but can significantly improve the skin condition.

In the arsenal of folk remedies:

• herbal baths;
• applications;
• compresses;
• essential oils;
• teas and tinctures;
• mash;
• dressing.

Recipe homemade ointments dermatitis

Successfully helped various ointments, they restore the skin and relieve itching. They have been applied at night and washed off in the morning. For example, one part may be mixed with 4 parts of cranberries petrolatum. Also effective mixture of honey and the juice Kalanchoe in equal parts.

Houses can be produced an oil which was applied to the affected areas. One recipe: 1 part butter is mixed with 4 parts of Hypericum juice.

Baths in the fight against dermatitis

Baths reduce itching, remove peeling and redness. The composition of the bath need to alternate daily.

You can use herbal teas:

• chamomile;

  

• pine buds;
• laurel;
• birch buds;
• marigold;
• oak bark.

2 tbsp. l. of a medicinal plant to pour cup of boiling water and boiled in a waterbath for 10 minutes. Strained composition pour bath of warm water.

Baths with sea salt

In the treatment of atopic dermatitis effective bath with sea salt. It should be 100-200 grams of salt dissolved in water.

Salt bath recipe is simple:

1. Salt to be dissolved in 5-7 liters of water. Children enough 100 grams from 200 grams to adults, depending on the volume of water.
2. The water temperature should not be below 70 degrees.
3. The solution was poured into a warm bath.

Bathing lasts from 30 to 50 minutes. The bath may be added decoctions of herbs (mint, chamomile, melissa).

Lotion with decoction of oak bark

Broth oak bark in the form of lotions astringent and drying effect. 1 tbsp. l. oak bark boiled water, then boiled for 15 minutes in a water bath. 3 tbsp. l. cold broth to mix with 1 hour. l. baby cream.

The resulting ointment is used to lubricate the affected areas. Thick layer means applied for 30 minutes, after which tissue is removed.

Broth from black currant leaves

Broth from black currant is used in the form of baths, lotions and tea. 5 g of dried leaves need to fill one cup of boiling water and boiled in water bath for about 10 minutes. Received agent may be added to the bath or drink inside.

geranium oil

Treatment of atopic dermatitis also produced using geranium oil.

The recipe of the following means:

1. Flowers and leaves of geraniums need to grind.
2. 2 tbsp. l. pour into a mixture of 0.5 liter capacity.
3. In this same capacity to pour 1 cup of refined vegetable oils (olive, sunflower).
4. The mixture was left in a dark place for 5 days, then put in the box for six weeks. On capacity should fall sunlight.
5. After that means you need to strain and pour into a container made of dark glass.

Oil is stored in the cold months. They need to lubricate the dry skin during exacerbations of the disease.

Tea and lemon balm mint

This tea will soothe nervous system, relieve irritability and increase the body's resistance. To make it, you need to take 1h. l. melissa, 1 hr. l. mint and pour boiling water over them. They can be used both dry and fresh herbs.

Diet for Disease

Special Diet with atopic dermatitis is of great importance.

Power The principle is:

• you need to eat 4-6 times a day in small portions;
• eliminate potentially allergenic foods (chocolate, citrus fruits);
• suspend the reception of synthetic vitamins;
• refuse products containing histamine (tomato, cabbage, sausages, fish, bananas);
• eat low-calorie foods;
• drink from 2 to 2.5 liters of fresh aerated water.

Also in the diet should be:

• Omega 3 (vegetable oil and fish oil)
• live bacteria (yogurt, cottage cheese)
• vitamin B (buckwheat, asparagus, beans)
• folic acid (bran, pumpkin, carrot),
• zinc (apples, oatmeal).

Authorized products:

• dairy products;
• lean meat;
• pumpkin, cabbage, greens;
• beans;
• apples and pears (green);
• vegetable oil;
• whole wheat bread.

In moderate quantities permitted:

• pasta;
• beets, onions, garlic;
• cherry, blackberry.

Under the ban are products such as:

• bouillon;
• fried, fatty, smoked, spicy;
• sausages;
• chicken eggs;
• seafood;
• processed cheese;
• mayonnaise, ketchup, sauces sharp;
• ice cream;
• pickled vegetables;
• strawberry, peach, grapes, watermelon, raspberry, kiwi;
• soda;
• coffee, cocoa;
• honey;
• confectionery.

Treatment of atopic dermatitis - not easy but feasible task. Stabilize adults with the disease to help folk remedies, medical therapy and proper skin care.

Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great

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