Steatosis or fatty liver, steatosis, chronic reversible process called hepatic dystrophy, which occurs as a result of excessive accumulation of lipids in the liver cells (Fats).
The occurrence of fatty liver depends on the person's lifestyle, nutritional systematic violations, abuse of refined and fatty foods. The disease is reversible, with the normalization of supply and reducing overweight liver "thinner" at the same time with the whole organism.
Causes
Steatosis arises as a result of the impact of nutritional (dietary) factors. First of all, it plays a major role:
- effects of systemic administration of alcohol,
- overweight,
- a fatty meal,
- excess in the diet of sweet food is transformed into fat,
- vegetarianism, because of the disorder of carbohydrate metabolism at deficiency of animal protein.
Also highlighted many factors contributing to the development of fatty liver, they include a sedentary lifestyle, diet intermediates and cheap products, diet, followed by the release of them sharp and overeating effects of drugs, toxins, or narcotic drugs,
diabetes, gout, Hypertension and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, liver steatosis may be one of several symptoms of inherited metabolic diseases.As a result of metabolic disorder occurs an excess deposition of fat in the liver, while inhibits the activity of enzymes which cleave these fats. As a result - the influx of fat predominates over its cleavage, which leads to fatty liver.
The degree of severity
By gravity customary to distinguish four stages of liver obesity:
- initial stage of fatty liver occurs when the cluster of small fat globules only in certain cells of the liver.
- Stage 1 shown moderate obesity liver, large accumulations of fat droplets within individual sections of cells.
- 2 degree provides different degrees of obesity almost all liver cells - from a small-to large.
- 3 degree - diffuse and spread the coarse obesity simultaneous extracellular fat accumulation, liver cysts formation filled with grease.
Symptoms of fatty liver
This disease process can be very long time to flow entirely asymptomatic, and it can detect when skrinningovom ultrasound for quite other reasons.
Starting and 1 degree
One of the manifestations of fatty liver can be constantly fluctuating levels of hepatic transaminases - enzymes ALT and ASTThey can rise in half of patients with symptoms of fatty liver. As a result of fatty liver occurs sluggishly flowing inflammatory process which leads to the development or cirrhosis of the liverOr even her cancerous degeneration.
2 degree
If symptoms increases, patients
- there is a feeling of heaviness in the right upper quadrant,
- abdominal discomfort, more than the right side,
- It can be detected with increased liver protrusion of the edges of the ribs from three to five centimeters,
- on ultrasound it will be seen altered density liver with enhanced echogenicity.
- during research vessels in the liver can be seen that the reduced blood flow in it.
3, the degree of fatty liver
Gradually, the disease progresses to the manifestation of symptoms such as
- persistent nausea,
- pain in the stomach and the right side below the ribs, aching or dull a permanent nature,
- distension in the right side,
- strong flatulence and constipation,
- violation of digestion.
Diagnostics
The basis of the diagnosis - inspection and palpation of the liver. Studies are supplemented with data ultrasound, Liver angiography, MRI and survey data liver enzymes ALT and AST.
It is important to carry out a differential diagnosis of fatty liver with chronic hepatitis of different etiology, cirrhosis of the liver,
When the diagnosis is necessary to exclude viral hepatitis by conducting serological studies.
Treatment of fatty liver
Diagnosis and treatment of fatty liver is engaged gastroenterologist.
First of all, it requires normalization of lifestyle and diet to reduce fat levels in the liver. It is necessary to increase physical activity and fitness, reducing the number of calories consumed in the amplification of their consumption, normalization of metabolism. Necessary to achieve slow weight loss of 0.5 kg weekly.
Diet for fat gepatoze
For more information about dieting rules you can read here
Authorized products
Appointed medical table №5 with a high protein content, restriction of animal fats and food products enrichment, dissolves fat in the liver - cereals, rice, cottage cheese.
It is necessary to increase the amount of vegetables, particularly those with light choleretic effect - sprouts of all kinds, carrots, pumpkin. Useful vegetables in fresh, boiled and stewed. You must take protein foods - meat and fish boiled and stewed.
It is important to consume at least 2 liters of fluid per day and eat small fractional portions.
Useful yogurt, yogurt, fermented baked milk.
prohibited products
Limited fat dairy products - milk and cream cheeses.
It is strictly forbidden alcohol, fizzy drinks, sugary soft drinks, white bread and buns, sweets and pasta, mayonnaise, sausages and margarine.
To the minimum necessary to reduce the amount of sugar in the diet.
Unacceptable fried foods, limited intake of broiler chickens - they have a lot of harmful substances that load the liver.
medication
Drug therapy with fatty hepatosis includes receiving drugs to improve liver function and its cells:
- essential phospholipids (Essliver, Essentiale forte berlition)
- sulfaminokislot group (taurine or methionine),
- herbal preparations, gepatoprotektory (Kars, Liv-52, artichoke extract)
- receiving antioxidant vitamins - tocopherol and retinol,
- Selenium intake of drugs
- The drugs of intramuscular or tablets.
Well-proven herbal medicine - used Holagol drugs gepabene, extracts of turmeric, milk thistle, curly sorrel.
Prediction and prevention
In general, the prognosis of fat gepatoze favorable with timely beginning of treatment and weight loss, the first treatment results visible after 2-4 weeks, maybe a full restoration of the liver in a few months.
The basis of preventing fatty liver - a healthy lifestyle, physical activity, body weight control and a balanced diet with plenty of protein while limiting fat and carbohydrates.
