Even in officially registered marriage, a man may have doubts whether he is the biological parent of the child, who was brought up. Or a woman, after giving birth, may require child support from the father, who did not recognize the child. For legal recognition of the legal relationship through the court a medical report is necessary. In such cases, resort to modern techniques for the establishment of affinity. There are two variants of the test, how to determine paternity blood group (HA) or to conduct DNA analysis.
As the analysis
Test - a simple and inexpensive procedure, but make it to the baby can not be born. Analysis by which paternity recognize blood group is carried out in a laboratory with special equipment determine the composition of agglutinogens and agglutinins. Also, that the analysis of the determination of paternity by blood group attention to this parameter, and look at the Rh factor of the child and the alleged parent. Since for analysis by GC and Rh to determine the relationship requires the same material, they are carried out simultaneously.
The theory about the differences of blood groups
The most common classifications are 4 blood type.
First (00) - comprises agglutinins alpha and beta, and does not contain agglutinogens.
The second (A0) - include agglutinogen A and agglutinin beta.
The third (B0) - contains agglutinogen B and alpha agglutinin.
The fourth (AB) - includes agglutinogens A and B and does not contain agglutinin.
Also on the surface of erythrocytes - red blood cells - is Rh antigen. Its presence indicates a positive Rh factor, if it is missing, the index is negative.
Decoding results
In order to carry out determination of paternity by blood group, use the following table:
| 00 | 00 | A0 | B0 | AB |
| 00 | 00 | A0 00 | B0 00 | A0, B0 |
| A0 | A0 00 | A0 00 | AB, A0, B0, 00 | AB, A0, B0 |
| B0 | B0 00 | AB, A0, B0, 00 | B0 00 | AB, A0, B0 |
| AB | A0, B0 | AB, A0, B0 | AB, A0, B0 | AB |
Defining moments will be located in the table horizontally agglyutinogeny mother vertically - agglutinogens alleged father. As a result, at the intersection of the child obtained by GC. Define the relationship in such a way is not always possible. But if the mother of the Civil Code 1, 3 the father and the child 2, it is clear that they are not relatives.
Rh factor test
Another important point in the characterization of the Civil Code is the Rh factor. This method does not allow to precisely find the father, but reliably eliminate unsuitable candidates with Rh.
There are three situations:
- the mother and father of a positive Rh factor - this parameter of the child can be both negative and positive;
- mother and father are different Rh factors - children can be parameters of each species;
- parents negative Rh - 100% child will inherit it.
Advantages of the method
The test has the following advantages:
- Easy analysis. For the test you need to know only the GC. If you do not have such information, the lab will provide an accurate result.
- Cheapness. The cost of such analysis is very different from the cost of the DNA test. The price of the latter depending on the place of residence can be up to 90 thousand. rubles.
- The rapidity of the method. The analysis was performed for an hour.
- To ascertain the absence of kinship.
Limitations
However, the test is different and some disadvantages:
- Analysis is carried out only after the baby is born, when it is determined the DNA sequence may have 7-8 week of pregnancy;
- even if the relationship by blood group proved it does not give 100% guarantee.
The test can only exclude the fact that the alleged father is not a relative of the child, but do not confirm it.
conclusion
This assay has advantages and is widely used, mainly as a first step during DNA analysis. Using this method, just to say who the father is, you can not. But if the analysis showed that the baby's blood group can not meet such parameters from the parents, believe the test can be 100%.
