To treat acute pancreatitis, you need to stick to a diet. Pancreatitis - a pathology in which inflamed pancreas. Progression of violation leads to a deterioration of general health, the patient has nausea, vomiting, pain localized in the left or right upper quadrant. Clinic acute pancreatitis depends on the stage. In the initial stages of the disease may appear girdle pain. The development of chronic pancreatitis leads to loss of appetite, disturbance of digestive processes.
The acute form of disease is characterized by attacks, during which felt intense pain. In the normal state discomfort occur when using harmful (oily, salty, roasted) food. If the patient feels even a slight pain in the abdomen, then you need to visit a gastroenterologist.
Statistics and causes of disease
If you do not stick to a diet, the pathology progresses. This will lead to complications. In acute pancreatitis symptoms are pronounced, the disease brings not only physical but also psychological discomfort. According to statistics, pancreatitis occupies the third place among the pathologies that affect the abdominal cavity. Disease susceptible men and women of middle age. Why there is this pathology? The etiology of pancreatitis is the impact of adverse factors in the gastrointestinal tract organs, with disease progression strongly affects the pancreatic tissue.
The causes of acute pancreatitis are numerous. The illness may develop in people who have poor nutrition, smoking, alcohol abuse. Other causes of pancreatitis: gallstone disease, Coxsackie virus, bacterial pathologies (Mycoplasma). Pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis includes pancreatic injury, biliary tract disorders.
The disease can result from poorly performed operation on the biliary ducts.
If the patient is taking estrogens, corticosteroids or other medications that suppress the activity of the pancreas, then pancreatitis may occur. The causes of the disease may be associated with congenital anomalies of the body. In some cases, acute pancreatitis is associated with the pathogenesis of hepatitis, gastroduodenitis, gastritis, cholecystitis.
Inflammation provokes loss of pancreatic cells. They are damaged due to violation of the mechanism of production of enzymes. With the development of pancreatitis in women and men enzymes are activated in the future begin to digest the pancreas tissues. As a result, the body becomes inflamed and swells, it affects the blood vessels.
The more dangerous acute pancreatitis? Pathological reactions occurring in the pancreas, may affect tissue adjacent. In some cases, the inflammation extends to the retroperitoneal fat, omentum, liver ligaments.
If the disease becomes severe, the increased levels of biologically active substances. In the pathological process may involve the kidneys, liver, lungs. Manifestations of pancreatitis can affect the activity of the heart. In order to prevent cardiovascular diseases should promptly treat this disease.
Classification of acute pancreatitis is simple, there are 2 types of the disease:
- In mild form organs and systems are affected slightly, observed pancreatic interstitial edema. A mild form of pancreatitis amenable to medical treatment, in most cases, people recover faster, surgery is required.
- In severe yellowing of the skin, there are serious dyspepsia. The patient inflates the abdomen, there may be bloating, heartburn. If the disease runs hard, it requires surgical treatment.
diagnostic measures
For the development of acute pancreatitis, the reasons are many. In identifying at least one of the following symptoms need to see a gastroenterologist. The doctor will collect medical history, conduct a physical examination, measure blood pressure and pulse. When pancreatitis occurs shortness of breath. To confirm the diagnosis of pancreatitis, it is necessary to perform ultrasound of the abdomen, the doctor prescribes an MRI if necessary. Blood examination reveals inflammatory reactions. On pathologic process indicates an increased number of leukocytes. Urine analysis allows to determine the concentration of enzymes. Some patients have bilirubinemia.
Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is not without ultrasound. On the screen the doctor sees the condition of the pancreas and adjacent organs and tissues. Ultrasound reveals the pathological reaction in the parenchyma, abscesses, cysts.
Treatment of acute pancreatitis depends on the stage. Before you assign the treatments necessary to make a differential diagnosis, in which the disease It can be distinguished from cholecystitis, perforated ulcer, intestinal obstruction, duodenal ulcers intestine. When the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis should be comprehensive.
How is the therapy
To cure the illness, you need to follow the doctor's orders. If there are signs of acute cholecystitis, the patient is hospitalized. Patient compliance with bed rest. Objectives of drug therapy - to eliminate pain and restore the functioning of the pancreas and to prevent complications.
medication treatment must be supported by a diet. A proper diet reduces the load on the pancreas. To eliminate the pain required novocaine blockade. In the initial stages of the disease need to starve. Within 3 days only water should be drunk.
Later assigned light diet.
What can I eat? Recommended vegetable soups, dishes made of mashed type permitted boiled lean meat. Therapeutic measures aimed at homeostasis correction, normalizing water and electrolyte balance. Doctor prescribes infusion salt and protein solutions. Methods of detoxification therapies are needed for the prevention of nausea and vomiting.
For the treatment of diseases, doctors also used antibiotics. In the case of acute pancreatitis treatment is not without antibiotics. Surgery is indicated for the detection of stones in the bile ducts. If it is determined pancreatic necrosis or abscess, the doctor also appoints the operation. Surgery may be the following types:
- endoscopic drainage;
- cystotomy;
- pancreatectomy.
If detected stones in the bile ducts, the doctor prescribes the operation directly in the area of damage.
In the postoperative period is necessary to ensure the prevention of septic complications, so the doctor prescribes medicine specialist. If pancreatitis is mild, the patient is rehabilitated during the week. Formulations are selected by the attending physician, the stage of the disease accounts for the gastroenterologist and features of the patient. Self therapy does not give comforting results, and will only aggravate the situation. The patient needs to comply with the doctor's orders, otherwise the disease will pass into the chronic stage.
What to do when a seizure
acute pancreatitis treatment is carried out in a hospital environment. The attack is characterized by the sudden cutting pain, inflammation occurs peritoneal irritation. Symptoms of acute pancreatitis - a recurrent pain. Discomfort subside if slight pressure on the stomach, but in the future come back again. If you appear unbearable pain, the person loses consciousness. Increase uncomfortable sensations in the stomach - a sign of the gradual destruction of the pancreas. How does attack? The patient vomits, published in the mass may be present fragments of bile. In the future, a person loses his appetite.
Symptoms and treatment of different attack. For relief of pain should take analgesics, other means prescribed by a doctor. Attack of the disease leads to diarrhea with a pungent odor, can be seen in the stool undigested food particles. If pancreatitis is replaced by constipation diarrhea. If a person takes a lying position, the pain intensified. Against the background of pathology occurs belching, mouth appears dry, the body temperature rises. In the language you can see the white patches, the skin becomes slightly slack. Pathology of the pancreas can lead to vitamin deficiency, people will rapidly lose weight, your blood pressure will start to decrease.
If there is an attack of acute pancreatitis, it is necessary to fast for 3 days. Thus the process stops generating enzyme and the pancreas can be restored. It enzymes cause an inflammatory reaction. Within 3 days is necessary to drink clean water. When the pain is required to attach to the epigastric something cold (best suited warmer, filled with ice-cold water).
This method makes it possible to cope with the symptoms exhibited. Chill eliminates swelling and inflammation.
After 3 days you need to switch to split meals. The diet should be gentle. Bed rest - a prerequisite. It reduces blood flow to the inflamed pancreas. What to do when pain syndrome? Before the ambulance is permitted to take the drug or Spazmalgon No-spa. Pathological condition is dangerous not only for health but for life. If an attack occurs repeatedly, then there is organ necrosis. When discomfort should not take digestive enzymes, otherwise pathological reactions increase.
medication therapy
How to cure pancreatitis? For ease pain doctor prescribes proton pump blockers. If diagnosed with a severe form of disease, it is necessary to conduct intensive care in a hospital. The purpose of medical treatment - to restore hemodynamic performance and ensure the prevention of complications. To restore pancreatic doctor prescribes antiinflammatories.
In acute pancreatitis can be carried out dehydration therapy. Standard treatment - the use of enzyme preparations. Bile doctor prescribes and sedatives, hormonal drugs, coating agents with calcium. aminocaproic acid can be used to relieve symptoms of the disease. This inhibitor containing prodektina. The dosage depends on the severity of symptoms. Aminocaproic acid reduces the level of histamine and serotonin.
This drug suppresses pain and prevents vomiting.
How to cure pancreatitis? If the disease occurs on the background of secretory failure, it is necessary to spend replacement therapy. Specialist assigns medication with gastric acid enzymes - Mezim, Festal, Pancreatin, Panzinorm. Drugs are taken before a meal, they eliminate the nausea, provides for prevention of diarrhea, constipation and bloating. The purpose of the use of these drugs - to restore the authority operates. To increase immunity to drugs recommended folic acid, anabolic steroids type.
Progressive methods of treatment of acute pancreatitis can restore the functioning of the pancreas. The patient is gaining weight. Drug therapy improves trophic processes assigned means reduced blood circulation and eliminate signs of intoxication.
complications of the disease
Symptoms of acute pancreatitis in adults can cause serious complications. If iron is exposed to infected bacteria, then there necrosis, and further - an abscess. Delays in treatment of pancreatitis leading to death. If the disease is difficult, the patient experiences a shock, multiple organ failure develops. Pathology can lead to the formation of pseudocysts. When such formations in the parenchyma accumulates liquid destructive body structure. The consequences of acute pancreatitis are life-threatening.
To ensure the prevention of disease, you need to eat properly, you should refuse to spicy, fatty, salty foods. It is highly recommended to quit smoking. Pancreatitis often develops in people who abuse alcohol. The prognosis depends on the form of the disease. Early treatment of acute forms of pancreatitis gives a favorable prognosis and prevent complications.
