Hypovarianism or ovarian failure - a complex of a woman's body changes, which occurs with a decrease in ovarian hormone production work and participation in the menstrual cycle.
Hypovarianism - not a diagnosis and not a disease, a syndrome that occurs in conjunction with other symptoms (or isolation) and giving the characteristic features according to the time of occurrence - puberty or during reproductive maturity.
There are two types of ovarian hypofunction:
- primary violations occurring in utero and associated with hypoplasia of the ovary,
- secondary, resulting from a variety of metabolic disorders and hormonal balance, the impact of violations of regulatory bodies - the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.
Symptoms of ovarian hypofunction
Manifestations hypoactivity of ovaries depend on the time when the failure occurs. The manifestations may occur until puberty or after its occurrence.
Symptoms of reproductive age
In the event of a hypoactivity of ovaries during the reproductive period of display will be as follows:
- Mild lesions uterus of normal size, endometrium sufficient
- menses scarce, painfulMay disappear (secondary amenorrhea),
- with the progression of the symptoms of menopause are formed with places without menstruation,
- when mental disorders,
- tides are shown, pressure fluctuations,
- the uterus shrinks,
- there is dryness and atrophy of the vaginal mucosa,
- endometrial atrophy,
- there is infertility.
Symptoms of congenital deficiency
Hypovarianism congenital or early acquired nature manifests itself in other symptoms:
- delayed puberty in girls 15-17 years later,
- late and insufficiently pronounced development of the mammary glands,
- complex disorders related to the menstrual function (primary amenorrhea or spanomenorrhea).
By gravity, there are three degrees of symptoms.
Mild ovarian hypofunction appear:
- lung hypoplasia secondary sex characteristics (low hairiness and pubic underarm)
- hypoplasia of mammary glands,
- infantile uterus, its dimensions are reduced, the endometrium is formed, but is thinned.
- menstruation, but they are irregular, painful; intermenstrual bleeding may be delayed or prolonged).
At moderate ovarian hypofunction display more distinct:
- vulva visually underdeveloped,
- uterus and vagina greatly reduced size,
- body hair on the female type is mild or absent,
- breasts quite dramatically underdeveloped,
- no menstruation.
In severe cases:
- pronounced hypoplasia of the uterus and genital organs (they are dense, reduced in size)
- the uterus may be the wrong position,
- breasts are not developed,
- body hair is not available,
- vulva completely children,
- atrophic vaginal mucosa,
- no menstruation.
Diagnostics
diagnostic base - is an indication of the weak development of secondary sexual characteristics, absence of menstruation, a disproportionate figure, identified masculine traits.
diagnostic base:
- Ultrasound examination of the uterus and appendages,
- preparation of basal body temperature chart,
- determining the level of ovarian hormones,
- determining the level of the pituitary hormones, hypothalamic hormones,
- When the need for functional hormonal tests
- laparoscopy.
Treatment
Diagnosis and treatment of ovarian hypofunction engaged gynecologist-endocrinologist. Methods of therapy depends on the type hypofunction and time of its occurrence, and the degree of severity of the process.
In secondary hypofunction
treatment is aimed at eliminating the causes that affect the ovaries, the rest - the principles of therapy are similar to primary ovarian hypofunction treatment.
In primary ovarian hypofunction
and underdeveloped sexual characteristics requires a set of measures:
- normalization regime and nutrition,
- treatment associated pathologies
- physiotherapy and therapy aimed at normalizing the blood circulation in the pelvis,
- hormone replacement therapy for the purpose of proper formation and functioning of the reproductive organs (prescribe estrogen for a few cycles).
As the formation of the correct structure of the genitalia to be a shift in the cyclic hormone therapy in order to enhance the work of the ovary and the formation of a normal menstrual cycle. Assign folliculin mikrofollin and in gradually decreasing doses. As the formation of genital organs are assigned estrogens in combination with gestagens (progesterone).
Therapy is 2-3 months in a row with a break for adaptation. If necessary, repeat courses of therapy.
With a view to stimulating the birth of children is carried out after the treatment efficiency of the cyclic treatment, it is performed by special schemes being developed individually.
When timely initiated therapy ovarian hypofunction, everything changes quickly removed, a woman can have children and lead a normal life.
general information
The ovaries are the main reproductive organs of women, they produce hormones that allow the eggs to mature, which allows a woman to gestate and give birth to children.
Reduced ovarian function causes reproductive disorders. However, the sex hormones produced by the ovary, not only affect the reproductive function, but also for many types of metabolism and function of internal organs, the skin. With their failure, one way or another, the whole body suffers, there is an early withering of beauty and a violation of women's health.
Causes Ovarian hypofunction
Reasons for the decline of the ovaries work a lot, and they depend on the type of pathology.
The main causes of primary hypofunction consider:
- the impact of adverse factors during fetal bookmarks and the formation of ovaries (pathological pregnancy)
- hormonal imbalances of the mother during gestation future girls
- borne infections during pregnancy (rubella, measles),
- chromosomal abnormalities,
- hereditary diseases.
The main causes of secondary ovarian hypofunction even more diverse:
- great exhaustion, nervous anorexia (Weighs less than 45 kg women may stop menstruating completely)
- deficiency in nutrition of fats as a source of the synthesis of sex hormones,
- vitamin deficiency,
- stress, emotional upsets,
- tuberculosis, reproductive organs,
- chronic, including infectious, inflammatory processes in the area of the appendages,
- head trauma with damage to the brain stem and pituitary or hypothalamic area,
- poor circulation in the cerebral arteries,
- Shihena syndrome (acute necrosis, pituitary)
- chemotherapy, radiation.
development mechanism
As a result of exposure to harmful factors during pregnancy disrupted anatomically correct tab ovaries, they become functionally defective, resulting in reduced their hormone-producing function. This leads to disruption of formation of secondary sexual characteristics and puberty.
When exposed to various negative factors ovaries after puberty may be formed scarring, hardening of the (substitution of connective tissue), cystic degeneration of the ovaries to the weakening of their functional activity. It may be a change in the receptor apparatus of the ovaries to the signals from the governing bodies - the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland, forming a resistant ovary syndrome.
As a result, suffers from the production of sex hormones, which leads to disruption of the formation of secondary sexual characteristics, and if the damage occurred in the reproductive age - the early climax and aging.
